As an active oxygen, ozone can induce oxidative stress, however, small doses of ozone pretreatment of the body may devel-op to oxidation toleration, even anti-oxidative damage, thereby protecting organ from ischemia-reperfusion injury. This paper reviewed the status of ozone pretreatment in organ ischemia-reperfusion, such as heart, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle, gonads and brain. Ozone therapy may have potential application values in organ transplants and cardiovascular diseases. Meanwhile, whether clinical application of ozone big autohemotherapy in ischemic cerebrovascular disease is reasonable or not in nearly 10 years was put forward.

Bee/wasp sting associated ischemia stroke is very rare.Its early clinical manifestation,especial level of consciousness,is serious than general cerebral infarction.There is no specificity with laboratory examination.Most of the infarction lesions involve two or two more regions detection by brain computerized tomographic scanning/magnetic resonance imaging (CT/MRI).Parts of the occlusion vessels could recanalization.Therapy with hormones and antihistamine has certain effect.Most of patients have approving prognosis.The pathological mechanism is mainly associated with doctrine such as vascular inflammation,vascular spasm,immune hyperfunction,brain tissue hypoperfusion and retrograde stimulation of the superior cervical ganglion.

Objective To investigate the curative effect of modified tracheal catheter in acute respiratory failure caused by central airway stenosis.Methods 16 cases inpatient with acute respiratory failure caused by central airway stenosis were involved.Found out the position and range of stenosis of central airway by X-ray and CT of chest and fiberbronchoscope,chose the suitable silicon suction tube and cut it to make a tracheal catheter,then guided the catheter through the stenosis by fiberbronchoscope to construct artificial airway.Results The dyspnea of all 16 cases of acute respiratory failure caused by central airway stenosis could by relieved in short time,the PaO_2 raised from(39?12)mm Hg to(72?10)mm Hg,SaO_2 raised from(75?13)% to(93?3)%,PaCO_2 dropped from(102?21)mm Hg to(62?13)mm Hg after therapy.The effective rate is 100%.There was no other serious complication except for 2 cases of little amount of bleeding in trachea.15 cases survived and one died of serious muhisystem organ failure.Conclusions The use of modified tracheal catheter in treatment of acute respiratory failure caused by central airway stenosis can relieve the acute dyspnea in short time,it also can dilate central airway,save the cost of tracheal balloon dilatation for the follow-up therapy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical effects of three-column reconstruction via single posterior approach for the treatment of unstable thoracolumbar fractures accompanied by posterior column injury.

METHODSFrom December 2008 to May 2010,three-column reconstruction via posterior approach was implemented to 21 patients with unstable thoracolumbar fractures accompanied by posterior column injuries. There were 13 males and 8 females, ranging in age from 23 to 54 years old(averaged,35.5 years old). Injured vertebrae: 1 patient had injury in T11, 4 patients had injuries in T12, 8 patients had injuries in L1, 5 patients had injuries in L2, 3 patients had injuries in L3. The Cobb angle was (25.34 +/- 3.42) degrees. The operation time,blood loss during operation, Cobb angle and the bony fusion were observed.

RESULTSTwenty-one patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 24 to 27 years old, with an average of 25.6 months. The operation time ranged from 135 to 275 min, with a mean of 185 min. The blood loss during operation ranged from 700 to 1 650 ml (averaged, 870 ml). All the patients had complete decompression. Postoperative Cobb angle was (4.01 +/- 2.03) degrees, and (4.34 +/- 2.38) degrees at the latest follow-up. All the patients got bony fusion.

CONCLUSIONTo the patients with unstable thoracolumbar fractures accompanied by posterior column injuries, three-column reconstruction via single posterior approach has both anterior approach and posterior approach advantages, which can obtain excellent clinical outcomes.

Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; methods ; Spinal Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

The traditional fermentation engineering experiment requires a reform on the experimental con-tents and teaching pattern. According to the production process of industrial enzymes, we set up a two-week comprehensive experiment. The students designed and prepared the experiment by themselves. Moreover, the pattern of self-management was used in the process and the experiment scores included the self-assess-ment and objective assessment. It was proved that the new teaching pattern increased the study interesting of students, inspired their initiative and trained their spirits of team cooperation. The teaching effect was im-proved markedly and good ideas are also put forward to solve the possible problem.

OBJECTIVETo describe the temporal trends in the mortality rate of gastric cancer during the period of 1988 and 2010, and to predict the gastric cancer mortality between 2016 - 2020.

METHODSThe data of gastric cancer mortality in Linzhou city between 1988 and 2010 was extracted from the cancer registry, including a total of 11 714 cases, covering 22 447 073 person-years. The mortality rate of gastric cancer of each 5-year period was calculated by sub-site and gender. Age-standardized rate (ASR) was calculated using the Chinese standard population in 1982. Intrinsic estimator (IE) model was used to fit the mortality trend by sub-site and gender, and to predict the mortality of gastric cancer in Linzhou city between 2016 and 2020.

RESULTSFrom 1988 to 2010, the gastric cancer mortality in Linzhou city was 52.18/100 000 (11 714/22 447 073) with the ASR at 49.23/100 000; the mortality in male was 67.02/100 000 (7678/11 455 512) with ASR at 68.68/100 000 while the mortality in female was 36.72/100 000 (4036/10 991 561) with ASR at 32.12/100 000. The mortality of cardia carcinoma was 27.87/100 000 (6257/22 447 073) with the ASR at 26.37/100 000; while the mortality of non-cardia carcinoma was 24.31/100 000 (5457/22 447 073) with the ASR at 22.86/100 000. The ASR of gastric cancer during 1988 - 1990 was 63.37/100 000 (1653 cases) and decreased by 28.34%, to 45.41/100 000 (2622 cases) during 2006 - 2010. The IE model showed that the birth cohort effect decreased greatly. The mortality risk of cardia carcinoma in population born after 1950s, decreased significantly; and the mortality risk of non-cardia carcinoma in population born in 20 century continually decreased. The death of gastric cancer among the population over 30 years old was predicted to be 3626 cases, increasing by 40.60% compared with the number between 2006 and 2010 (2579 cases). Among them, the mortality of cardia carcinoma increased by 51.89% (predicted number between 2016 and 2020 was 2456 cases, and 1617 cases between 2006 and 2010), and the mortality of non-cardia carcinoma increased by 21.62% (predicted number between 2016 and 2020 was 1170 cases, and 962 cases between 2006 and 2010).

CONCLUSIONThe mortality rate of gastric cancer in Linzhou city showed a decreasing trend during the period of 1988-2010, being mainly attributed to the cohort effect. However, the mortality will still increase in the future, between 2016 and 2020.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Registries ; Stomach Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality

Objective　To investigate the surgical management of a gun shot wound of blood vessels and immersied, and evaluate its primary effect. Methods　100 rabbits were divided randomly into simple wounded group(SWG,n=50) and seawater immersion group(SIG,n=50).F emoral arteries were impacted by 0.38 gram steel spheres with velocity of 600 ～800 meters per second fired by 7.62 mm rifle. Animals in SIG were immersed in artificial seawater (pH 8.2～8.4, salinity 25.4,temperature 21℃) for 60 min, o f which those in SWG were spared. Grossly injuried artery was excised and restor ation of blood flow was reconstructed by end-to-end anastomosis or reversed au togenous venous grafting or cryopreserved arterial allografting. At 24 h,7,1 4,21 days after operation, blood flow was examined by Doppler ultrasonic detecti on and part of anastomotic sites and graft were collected for pathological obser vation. Results　In completely transected injury, the patency in SIG was 80.00%,while that in SWG was 86.67% in the first 3 weeks. In arterial c ontused injury ,patency in SIG was 86.67%,and that in SWG was 82.35% at the same time. Thrombosis occurred mostly in the first postoperative week. Atypical endo thelial cells were found at the anastomosis sites in the first postoperative week, and the anastomosis sites were lined with endothelium in 3 weeks postopera tively. Conclusion　Early curative effect could be obtained. Whe n grossly injuried artery is excised and followed by a routine surgical procedur e in the treating gunshot wounds immersed in seawater.

Objective: To investigate pathological characteristics of gunshot wounds concomitant seawater immersion in rabbits' femoral arteries. Methods: Thirty rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups: simple gunshot-wound group (Group I, n=10), gunshot wound with seawater immersion for 30 mins (Group II, n=10), and 60 mins group (Group III, n=10). Femoral arteries were impacted by 0.38 g steel spheres fired with a 7.62 mm rifle. After being wounded, rabbits in Groups II and III were immersed in seawater for 30 or 60 mins, but those in Group I were not. At 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 hours following injury, a 40 mm segment of the artery on each side of the gunshot point were excised and observed by light and electron microscopy. Results: The patterns of arterial injuries were mainly contusion and transection. Completely transected artery was classified as primary-wound-tract area, contused area and shocked area. Compared with those in Group I, the primary-wound-tract and contused areas in Group II manifested obvious swelling in the arterial wall especially at the outside 2/3 of the media. Vacuolar structures were often seen in smooth muscle cells of the media. Intercellular space among the smooth muscle cells were filled with homogeneous acidophilic substances. Deep rugae among endothelial cells flattened or rugal folds lost their longitudinal orientation, and marked fibrin and platelet deposition were noticed. No significant difference was detected between Group II and III. The pathological changes in the shocked area were similar in 3 groups. Conclusions: For gunshot wounds concomitant seawater immersion in rabbits' femoral arteries, there was a marked swelling of cells and intercellular space in primary-wound-tract area and contusion area. The influence of these pathological changes on surgical reparation deservers further study.

No abstract available.
Neodymium* ; Onychomycosis* ; Pilot Projects*

OBJECTIVETo analyze the causes of initial erroneous diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) to improve the diagnostic efficiency.

METHODSThe clinical data of 63 patients with a definite diagnosis of PE were retrospectively analyzed. According to the initial diagnosis, the patients were divided into definite diagnosis group (Group A, 23 cases) and misdiagnosis group (group B, 40 cases). The risk factors, initial symptoms, time of definite diagnosis, Wells scores, revised Geneva scores, and findings in chest X-ray and ECGs after onset and before the definite diagnosis were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSIn group A, recent operations, malignancy, long-term bedridden state, PE history and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) symptom were more commonly seen than in group B, and the patients in group B were more likely to have hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus and lower limb varicose veins. The patients in group B had significantly lower Wells scores and revised Geneva scores than those in group A [2.50 (5.00) vs 6.00 (6.00), u=-3.296, P<0.001; 5.50 (4.75) vs 12.00 (9.00), u=-3.187, P<0.001, respectively]. In group B, chest examination in 22 of the 40 cases (55%) reported pulmonary infection, and among them, 15 were misdiagnosed as pneumonia. In groups A and B, SIQIIITIII/QIIITIII in ECG was found in 5 (21.7%) and 0 cases (0%), and normal ECG in 2 (8.7%) and 18 (45.0%) cases, respectively, showing significant difference between the two groups (P=0.010 and 0.003, respectively).

CONCLUSIONThe initial misdiagnosis of PE results mainly from the low awareness of some of the PE risk factors on the part of the physicians, atypical clinical manifestations and excessive dependence on chest films and ECGs.

Adult ; Aged ; Diagnostic Errors ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Embolism ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors