The relation between the critical radius and the particle size distribution for generalized Ostwald type ripening processes whereby the mass transfer coefficient is modelled by a power law was derived. The critical radius is determined by the growth rate, the mass transfer coefficient and the mass balance, and is independent of whether the limiting stationary growth regime has been obtained.
Computer Simulation ; Crystallization ; methods ; Macromolecular Substances ; analysis ; chemistry ; Models, Chemical ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Conformation ; Particle Size

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of Sizhi-Xifang in the improvement of postoperative ankle function.

METHODSFrom Jan. 2006 to Mar. 2008,49 patients were divided randomly into treatment group and control group. The treatment group included 16 males and 8 females with an average age of (41.3 +/- 13.2) years, involving 13 cases of tye A, 9 of type B and 2 of type C based on AO classification. The control group included 15 males and 10 females with an average age of (38.2 +/- 10.9) years, involving 12 cases of type A, 10 of type B, 3 of type C. Minimal invasive percutaneous plate were used in each group. In treatment group 24 cases were treated with Sizhi-Xifang after the incisions were healed.

RESULTSThere were no incision infections, flaps necrosis, bone and plate exposure after treatment in two groups. All patients were followed-up for 4 to 16 months with an average of 8.6 months. According to Johner-Wruhs evaluation standard, there were 7 cases in excellent, 12 good, 5 in fair in treatment group and in control group there were 5 cases in excellent, 7 in good, 10 in fair and 3 in poor. The comparison of effect between two groups had significant difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSizhi-Xifang is helpful to improve the ankle postoperative function.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Ankle ; physiopathology ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Recovery of Function ; Skin ; Tibial Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical outcomes of anterior cervical decompression plus sublevel fusion and posterior cervical laminoplasty in treating multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

METHODSThe clinical data of 56 patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy were retrospectively analyzed from July 2009 to June 2012. There were 32 males and 24 females, aged from 42 to 79 years old with an average of (56.9 +/- 12.8) years. All patients had the typical clinical features of cervical spondylotic myelopathy,radiological evidences, and courses of disease were from 2 months to 16 years with an average of (10.6 +/- 3.2)years. Of them,34 patients were treated with anterior cervical decompression plus sublevel fusion (anterior fusion group) and 22 patients with posterior cervical laminoplasty (posterior laminoplasty group). JOA score and radiological data were used to evaluate the clinical results:

RESULTSNo complications about nerve and blood vessel was found and the patients were followed up from 24 to 36 months with an average of 28.6 months. In anterior fusion group, the cervical anterior column height was significantly increased and the anterior cervical curvature angle was significantly decreased at 2 weeks after surgery (P < 0.05). In posterior laminoplasty group, there was no significant difference in above items between preoperative and postoperative at 2 weeks,final follow-up. Postoperative at 2 weeks and final follow-up, there was significant difference in anterior cervical curvature angle between two groups (P<0.05). Postoperative JOA score had obviously improved in all patients, at 3 months after operation and final follow-up, anterior fusion group was better than that of posterior laminoplasty group (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONThe anterior sublevel fusion can effectively restore cervical anterior column height, and compared with the posterior cervical laminoplasty, it can obviously improve the spinal cord function. It is an effective method for the multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathv.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Cervical Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; Female ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; Spondylosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery

Using Mortierella isabellina as starting strain, mutagenized with UV,screened by selecting mutants resisting maleic hydrazide,a fatty acid dehydrogenase inhibitor, directly on gradient plate,a mutant M 80 overproducing Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA) was obtained, which has much higher productive qualities than its parental strain Its dry cell weight reaches 25 10g/L,lipid yield 12 35g/L,and GLA yield 771 88mg/L

The relation between the critical radius and the particle size distribution for generalized Ostwald type ripening processes whereby the mass transfer coefficient is modelled by a power law was derived. The critical radius is determined by the growth rate, the mass transfer coefficient and the mass balance, and is independent of whether the limiting stationary growth regime has been obtained.

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of spontaneous activities throughout the whole brain with Alzheimer's disease (AD) by resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ).Methods The subjects included 23 AD patients and 21 normal controls (NC),who underwent a neuropsychological test battery including MMSE and Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) and restingstate fMRI using GE Signa 3.0 T MR scanner.The neuropsychological scores were compared between two groups.Regional homogeneity (ReHo) method was used to explore the different regional spontaneous activities throughout the brain between normal controls and patients with AD.Results In AD group,clinical variables (MMSE scores:20 ±4,AVLT-Immediate Recall:2.6 ± 1.6,AVLT-Delay Recall:0.4 ±0.7,AVLT-Recognition:5.8 ± 3.7 ) were lower than NC group( 29 ± 1,5.9 ± 1.2,5.5 ± 2.0,9.2 ± 1.1,T =10.58,7.21,10.99,3.96,all P ＜ 0.01 ).With the threshold of P ＜ 0.01 for each voxel and a cluster size of at least 100 voxels,decreased ReHo indexes were found in default mode network (DMN) including the medial prefrontal cortex,posterior cingulate gyrus/precuneus,right superior temporal gyrus and bilateral superior parietal lobule/inferior parietal lobule in AD,while increased ReHo indexes were found in left putamen and thalamus compared with controls.ConclusionThe DMN are damaged in AD and spontaneous activities of putamen and thalamus are reinforced as compensation response of subcortical structures.

Objective To assess the efficacy of different sequential therapy regimens according to the theory of cell cycle on adriamycin-induced nephropathy (AIN) rats. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:control group (n=8),AIN model group (n=8),MP+ CsA+MMF group (n=8),MP+CsA+CTX treated group (n=8) and MP+FK506+Rapa group (n=8).The levels of 24-hour urinary protein,serum total protein (TP),albumin (Alb),cholesterin (Chol),triglyeride (TG),serum urea nitrogen (BUN),serum creatinine (Scr) were measured.The renal pathological changes were observed by light microscope.The expressions of nephrin and podocin were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR.The expression of CTGF was detected by Western blotting. Results (1)Compared with control group,the levels of 24-hour urinary protein in AIN model group were obviously increased at 2nd,4th,8th and 12th week (all P＜0.01).The level of 24-hour urinary protein were obviously decreased in treatment groups at 8th and 12th week than those in AIN model group (all P＜0.05). (2)The levels of TP and Alb were significantly lower in AIN model group than those in control group (all P＜0.01),and the levels of TG and Chol were significantly higher in AIN model group than that in control group (all P＜0.01).The levels of TP and Alb were significantly higher and the levels of TG and Chol were significantly lower in treatment groups than those in AIN model group (all P ＜0.05). (3)The results of immunohistochemistry indicated the expressions of nephrin and podocin in treatment group rats were obviously higher than those in AIN model group (all P＜0.01). (4)The results of Western blotting indicated the expression of CTGF in treatment group rats was higher than that in AIN model group (P＜0.05).The effect of inhibitting fibrous degeneration in MP +FK506 +Rapa group was more greater than other treatment groups. Conclusions Sequential combined regimens according to the cell cycle can improve the pathological change in adriamycin-induced nephropathy rats,reduce the urine protein,increase the levels of TP and Alb,decrease the levels of TG and Chol,increase the expression of nephrin and podocin,and ameliorate kidney fibrosis.

Objective To study the functional connectivity (FC) pattern of thalamus in patients with Alzheimer' s disease (AD).Methods In the present study,resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were obtained from 30 patients with AD and 26 subjects with normal cognition (NC).The altered functional connectivity pattern in AD was evaluated by comparing to NC.Then a correlation analysis was performed between the strength of FC of the identified regions and various clinical variables for evaluating the relationships between the strength of FC and the cognitive abilities (MMSE,immediate recall and delayed recall of Auditory Verbal Learning Test) of the AD patients.Results The MMSE(19.7 ± 4.1),immediate recall (2.8 ± 1.7) and delayed recall (0.7 ± 1.3) of Auditory Verbal Learning Test in AD patients were lower than NC group (28.8 ± 1.0,5.9 ± 1.2,5.7 ± 2.2 ; t =11.09,8.09,10.51,all P ＜0.05).Compared to NC,AD patients showed decreased FC between the left thalamus and several regions of brain including right posterior/middle cingulate cortex (PCC/MCC.R),left medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC.L) and right superior frontal gyms/medial prefrontal cortex (SFG/MPFC.R).For the right thalamus,decreased FC was found in SFG/MPFC.R,PCC/MCC.R and right hippocampus.We also found increased FC between the bilateral thalamus and many regions of brain including inferior temporal gyrus,medial temporal gyrus,SFG,postcentral gyrus,paracentral lobule,inferior frontal gyms and insula.Significant correlations between the fitted FC strength and clinical variables were also detected.Conclusions FC pattern of thalamus in AD group is impaired.Increased FC in AD may indicate the presence of a compensatory mechanism.The alteration is related with cognitive function in AD.

Objective To explore the association of expression of transporter associated with antigen processing(TAP1),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)with occurrence and development of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The expression of TAP1 and TNF-α in 35 liver carcinoma tissues,and 10 normal liver tissues were detected with immunohistochemical EnVision method,The expression and clinical significance of TAP1,TNF-α in HBV-related HCC were analyzed.Furthermore,the association of respective expression quantity with pathological typing of HCC was analyzed.Results The expression of TAP1,TNF-α was negative in hepatocytes of normal liver tissues.91.4％ of HCC tissues expressed TAP1.There was significantly statistical difference in expression of TAP1 between HCC tissues and the normal hepatic tissues(P ＜ 0.05);60％ of HCC tissues expressed TNF-α.There was statistical difference in expression of TNF-α between HCC and the normal hepatic tissues(P ＜ 0.05),and the positive expression rate of TNF-α in well-differenciated HCC tissues was significantly higher than that in poorly-differenciated ones(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion TAP1-related MHC-Ⅰ restricted antigen processing pathway was possibly normal in HBV-related HCC.The expression quantity of TNF-α was associated with the occurrence and degree of pathological differentiation of HBV-related HCC.

Objective To explore the interaction between serum melatonin and the status of disease and probe the effect factor of serum melatonin change in asthmatic children.Methods Serum melatonin was measured in asthmatic children with 15 cases of mild persistent asthma,15 cases of moderate persistent asthma,15 cases of severe persistent asthma,15 cases of stable asthma and 15 cases of normal subjects by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The levels of serum melatonin in the 5 groups of mild persistent asthma,moderate presistent asthma,Severe Persistent asthma,Stable asthma,control subject were(22.76?5.16)ng/L,(16.79?3.35)ng/L,(11.54?1.45)ng/L,(22.06?3.36)ng/L,(28.72?4.32)ng/L,respectively.There were significant differences between any of them(Pa