OBJECTIVE: To prepare amphiphilic long-circulating hydroxycamptothecin nanoparticles and investigate its physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic characteristics in rats. METHODS: Polyethyleneglycol-polycaprolactone (PEG-PCL) was synthesized. HCPT-PEG-PCL-NPs were prepared by solvent-diffusion method using PEG-PCL block copolymer as the matrix. The obtained NPs were evaluated, and the physical stabilities of both suspl and freeze-dried powder were investigated. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of HCPT injection and HCPT-PEG-PCL-NPs prepared with different copolymers in rats. RESULTS: When using PEG4000-PCL1250, PEG4000-PCL2000, PEG2000-PCL1250, PEG2000-PCL2000 as the carrier materials, the average particle sizes of NPs were 110.0, 116.1, 99.1 and 119.9 nm; the Zeta potentials were -16.9, -22.4, -28.8 and -33.5 mV; the entrapment efficiency were 83.10%, 88.29%, 77.46% and 80.67%; and the drug loading percentages were 2.56%, 2.96%, 2.14% and 2.31%, respectively. The physical stability of the freeze-dried powder was better, and hot environment seemed to be bad for the stability. The t1/2s of HCPT-PEG4000-PCL1250-NPs, HCPT-PEG2000-PCL1250-NPs, HCPT-PEG4000-PCL2000-NPs and HCPT-PEG2000-PCL2000-NPs were 18.07, 9.08, 5.25 and 5.14 times longer than that of HCPT injection which was 0.1418 h. CONCLUSION: The HCPT-PEG-PCL-NPs show sustained-release effect and long-circulation property compared with HCPT injection. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

AIM: To evaluate the use of 23G minimally invasive vitreous cutting system in the first stage of anterior segment reconstruction on severe ocular injury.
METHODS: Fifteen patients with ocular injuries including the corneal and scleral rupture associated hyphema, vitreous hernia in anterior chamber, traumatic lens rupture, lens subluxation, applied 23G minimally invasive vitreous cutting system in the first stage of anterior segment reconstruction.
RESULTS: The anterior ocular media of early postoperative became transparent quickly. No exudative lemma and no complications were found relate to puncture incisions after operations.
CONCLUSION:23G minimally invasive vitreous cutting system can be used in the first stage of anterior segment reconstruction on sever ocular injury. It can reduce iatrogenic injury, operative complications and inflammatory response, also can shorten therapeutic time and create favorable conditions.

OBJECTIVE:To strengthen the supervision of drug stocktaking,and to improve drug management. METHODS:The data of drug stocktaking were extracted from our hospital from 2011 to 2014,and was analyzed in respects of accounts coinci-dence rate,drug profit and loss account rate,the entry and exit account between departments and original record,etc. A series of supervision strategies were established,and the data of drug stocktaking was analyzed during Jan.-Jun. in 2015 statistically to evalu-ated supervision effects. RESULTS:The supervision of drug stocktaking was strengthened through limiting the right of drug profit and loss on stocktaking,strengthening original stocktaking record management,establishing Key Drug List,setting up drug stock-taking supervision institutions,etc. During Jan.-Jun. in 2015,there was obvious improvement in the drug supervision skills,in terms of account coincidence rate,profit and loss account,material safety,cash flow rate,staff responsibility and stocktaking dura-tion,etc. More specially,the accounts coincidence rate had rose from about 82.8% to more than 95%;both the key drug accounts coincidence rate and the entry and exit account between departments coincidence rate had reached to 100%;the profit and loss ac-count rate had reduced from about 7.6% to less than 0.3%;the stocktaking time had reduced from 10 h to 3 h. CONCLUSIONS:Strengthening drug stocktaking supervision can not only improve the stocktaking efficiency and quality markedly,but also contrib-utes to the development of other pharmacy work in hospital.

Objective To investigate the level change of glucose excursion , 8-iso prostaglandin F 2α( 8-iso-PGF2α) in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), and its effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods A total of 62 inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus including T2DM group(DM, 30 cases) and T2DM with NAFLD group(DM+NAFLD, 32 cases) were recruited from October 2012 to November 2013 , normal glucose tolerance group had normal glucose tolerance ( NGT;30 cases ) with normal physical examination results.The age, gender, duration, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and blood lipid among three groups were no statistical difference .The clinical data of each patient were collected by professional people .Blood lipids and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were detected.Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were taken in all groups.The Postprandial glucose excursion (PPGE), blood glucose standard deviation (SDBG), mean blood glucose and (MBG) and HbA1c were used to evaluate the glucose excursion.Serum 8-iso-PGF2αwas detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) to evaluate oxidative stress.Inter-group com-parison was conducted with analysis of variance ( ANOVA) .Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the factors of influence .Results⑴The levels of PPGE[(7.34 ±2.23) mmol/L vs (8.52 ±2.43) mmol/L],SDBG[(2.43 ±0.90) mmol/L vs (2.80 ±0.78) mmol/L], MBG[(11.06 ±1.76) mmol/L vs (13.65 ±2.83) mmol/L], and HbA1c [(7.59 ±1.02)% vs (8.05 ±1.52)%] in T2DM group and T2DM with NAFLD group were significantly higher than that in NGT group (both P <0.05); and that in NAFLD group have significantly rise than that in DM group ( P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in HbA 1c between groups.⑵ The level of serum 8-iso-PGF2αwas gradually increased from NGT group [(33.45 ±8.60) pg/ml], DM group [(47.33 ±15.30) pg/ml], to DM +NAFLD group [(56.07 ±13.10) pg/ml], with statistically significant difference ( P <0.05);⑶The Person corre-lation analysis showed that the content of serum 8-iso-PGF2αwas positively correlated with PPGE, SDBG, and MBG ( r =0.796, 0.778 , 0.712 , P <0.01 ) .Conclusions Serum 8-iso-PGF2αis a better parameter to reflect the status of body oxidative stress .The level of oxidative stress is increased with the increase of glucose excursion in T 2DM, which is the important mechanism of its complica-tions of NAFLD.

Objective To investigate the change of apoptosis in LNCaP cells after inhibition of autophagic process under androgen removal conditions. Methods The autophagic level was deter-mined by using confocal microscopy and RT-PCR. The DAPI staining was used to indicate the apopto-sis of LNCaP cells after inhibition of autophagic by 3-MA. Also, Z-VAD-FMK was used to extend the apoptosis results. Results ①Androgen deprivation led to increased autophagy in LNCaP cells. LN-CaP cells cultured in complete medium(CM) presented low autophagic process with 1.9 scores. After 24 hours, the punetate GFP-LC3 structures were accumulated in the cells cultured in serum-free medi-um (SF)(2.64 scores). In contrast, the number of punctate GFP-LC3 remained at a very low level (1.85 scores), when cells were incubated with DHT in SFA(serum-free medium+DHT). Statistical analysis showed the significant difference between SF and SFA (P<0.01). Semiquantitative RT-PCR was employed to examine the mRNA expression of LC3. Indeed, cells grown in the medium without serum had a higher LC3 mRNA expression with the highest at 12 hour time point as compared with the cells grown in CM. DHT treatment reduced the level of LC3 mRNA. ②Blockage of autophagy by 3-MA increased the apoptosis of LNCaP cells. LNCaP cells in SF and SFA just presented a basal level of apoptosis, which is (3.19±1.09)% and (3.01±0.33)% , respectively. Under androgen-free con-ditions, inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA could increase apoptosis significantly(10. 90±2.91%). While Z-VAD-FMK, a pan Caspase inhibitor, was able to suppress this apoptotic process to the level of (1.16±0.52)%, which was statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusions Androgen removal can lead to the increase of autophagy in LNCaP cells. Moreover, inhibition of autophagy promotes the occurrence of apoptosis.

Objective To analyze the correlation of perfusion parameters obtained by functional multi-slice computed tomography (fMSCT) with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) detected with immunohistochemistry on rabbit model with VX2 breast cancer and noninvasively evaluate the vascularization of untreated VX2 breast cancer in vivo. Methods Sixteen New Zealand femal rabbits were selected and suspension (1 ml) of mass was injected around the breast areola. CT perfusion was performed after two weeks and perfusion parameters including blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT)and permeability surface (PS) were assessed. Expression of VEGF in neoplasm was detected with immunohistochemistry. Paried t test was used for the comparison of perfusion parameters between the tumor and muscle and Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation of VEGF with perfusion parameters. Results The mean value of BF, BV, MTT and PS were (228.21 ± 13. 13 ) ml · min-1100 mg-1 ,(13.45 ± 1.01) ml · 100 mg-1 ,(3. 50 ±0. 20) sand (7.85 ±1.18) ml · min-1 · 100 mg-1 in tumor, respectively. They were (66. 10 ±22. 11 ) ml · min-1 · 100 mg-1 , ( 1.88 ± 1.80) ml · 100 mg-1,(23. 87 ±0. 63)s,(1.55 ±0. 38)ml · min-1 · 100 mg-1 in muscular tissue, respectively. The mean value of BF, BV and PS in tumor were obviously higher than those in muscle, and the mean value of MTT in tumor was lower than that in muscle. There were significant differences in CT perfusion parameters between tumor and muscle (t = 61.83,13.63,27.72,20. 54, P ＜ 0. 01 ). The mean value of VEGF in tumor was 7. 33 ±0. 27 and there were positive correlation with BF ( r = 0. 712, P ＜ 0. 01 ), BV ( r = 0. 647, P ＜ 0. 01 ), PS ( r =0. 627 ,P ＜ 0. 01 ), and negative correlation with MTT ( r = - 0. 564, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion MSCT perfusion imaging can be used to noninvasively evaluate the vascularization in rabbits with untreated VX2 breast cancer in vivo.

Academic Dissertations as Topic ; Bibliometrics ; China ; Health Systems Agencies ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Publishing

Objective To investigate the correlation between atypical respiratory pathogens infection and serum vitamin D(VitD) level in children.Methods Serum IgM antibody levels of 11 atypical respiratory pathogens were detected in 414 serum samples of child respiratory infection by using the respiratory tract 11-items detection reagent kits (indirect immunofluorescence assay),including respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADV),influenza A virus(FluA),influenza B virus(FluB),parainfluenzavirus(PFlu),Mycoplasma pneumonia(MP),Chlalmydia pneumoniae(CP),Coxsackie virus type B(CoxB),Coxsackie virus type A(CoxA) and legionella pneumophilia(LP).At the same time the electrochemiluminescence assay was used to measure serum VitD level.Results Among 414 samples,pathogen IgM was detected out in 214 samples (51.69%),the top three places of detection rates were FluB,FluA and Mp,their positive rates were 32.13%,23.19% and 13.77% respectively;in cases of positive IgM antibody,17.63% of children developed single infection,34.06% of children developed 2 kinds of pathogen or more mixed infection;there was no statistical difference in the VitD levels between the IgM antibody positive group (median 23.60 ng/mL,3.37-71.50 ng/mL) and the IgM antibody negtive group(median 23.95 ng/mL,3.00-81.70 ng/mL).The IgM antibody positive rate,single infection positive rate and mixed infection positive rate had no statistical difference between the VitD reduce group and the VitD normal group(P>0.05).The positive rate of FluB,FluA and MP IgM antibody had no statistical difference between the VitD reduce group and the VitD normal group(P>0.05).Atypical respiratory pathogens had no correlation with VitD(r=0.005,P=0.912).Conclusion Atypical respiratory pathogens infection may had no correlation with the VitD level reduce.

BACKGROUND:Endothelial progenitor cel s have been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of traumatic diseases in recent years. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of magnetic labeled endothelial progenitor cel transplantation on renal function of diabetic rats through a MRI imaging study.METHODS:Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal (no treatment), control and experimental groups. Intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg streptozotocin was performed to make a rat model of type 1 diabetes in the control and experimental groups. Four weeks after modeling, rats in the experimental group were given intravenous injection of magnetic labeled endothelial progenitor cel s (0.15 mL, 1×109/L). Fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and 24-hour urinary protein levels in rats were measured at 8 weeks after cel transplantation. MRI was used to trace transplanted cel s in vivo in comparison with renal biopsy findings, and rat body mass and kidney weight were measured to calculate kidney weight index. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After modeling, fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and 24-hour urinary protein levels as wel as kidney weight index were increased significantly (P<0.05), while the insulin level decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the endothelial progenitor cel transplantation reversed these indices (P<0.05). Additional y, in the experimental group, there was slightly longer T1 and shorter T2 signals as wel as marked lesion edge, and the FLASH sequence became more remarkable compared with the T2-weighted RARE sequence. The other groups showed no significant low signal changes. Magnetic-labeled positive cel s in the experimental group showed by the MRI were consistent with the tissue biopsy results, while no positive cel s were found in the model and normal groups. To conclude, the magnetic labeled endothelial progenitor cel transplantation can improve renal dysfunction in diabetic rats to a certain extent.

Objective To research the serum urea nitrogen (BUN),creatinine (Cr),urinary inhibition C (CysC) and retinol binding protein (RBP) four biochemical indicators of joint detection on the early diagnostic value of lupus nephritis (LN).Methods According to the American Rheumatology Association (ACR) 2012 revision of the diagnostic criteria,collected 177 LN patients with kidney disease from January 2011 to April 2016 in Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital,at the same time,choose 167 cases of healthy physical examination as normal control group.With Hitachi 7170A a fully automated analy zer on two groups of serum BUN,Cr,CysC and concentration of RBP for testing,the data obtained by SPSS17.0 statistical software for statistical analysis.Results LN patient group compared with healthy controls,the serum BUN (6.67 ± 1.43 mmol/L vs 6.57±1.16 mmol/L),Cr (96.9±10.1 μmol/L vs 92.6±13.2 μmol/L),CysC (1.7±0.5 mg/L vs 0.75±0.15 mg/L),RBP (180.5±8.28 mg/L vs 42.6±9.6 mg/L) concentrations were higher,and serum CysC,RBP higher level com pared with healthy control group difference was statistically significant (t=8.145,21.594,all P＜0.05).Single parameter detected abnormal rate in terms of LN patients serum BUN,Cr,CysC and RBP abnormal rates were 28.3％,29.4％,68.4 ％,65.0 ％,four indicators combined detection of abnormal rate was 85.3 ％,significantly higher than the single parameter test (x2 =35.973～168.742,all P＜0.01).Conclusion Conbined detection of BUN,Cr,CysC and RBP four early diagnosis of renal damage in patients with lupus nephritis had important clinical value.