OBJECTIVE: To guarantee safety of drug use in medical institutions of Yangpu District of Shanghai and to promote rational use of drugs. METHODS: 159 ADR cases reported to Shanghai ADR Monitoring Center by 3 secondary hospitals of Yangpu District of Shanghai in 2009 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: 71 kinds of drugs were involved in 159 ADR cases. 99 ADR cases were induced by antibiotics(62.26%). 14 ADR cases were induced by hypotensive and antianginal drugs (8.81%). 10 ADR cases were caused by TCM preparations (6.29%). 123 ADR cases were caused by intravenous route (77.36%). ADR incidence of male was higher than female (1.2 ∶ 1). 63 ADR cases were patients over 60 years old (39.62%). Main clinical manifestation were lesion of skin and its appendants in 75 cases (47.17%). There were 6 new ADR cases,5 severe ADR cases and 1 dead case. CONCLUSION: Great importance should be attached to ADR monitoring and reporting in order to promote rational use of drug.

Adult ; Coal Mining ; Humans ; Male ; Pneumoconiosis ; classification ; diagnostic imaging ; Radiography ; Reference Standards

0.05].In 48 patients without lymph node metastasis,there was no significant difference between the OPN-positive and OPN-negative patients in survival times.Multivariate analysis revealed that survival times was associated with patients′sex(P=0.032)and TNM stage(P

Objective To survey changes and the significance of phospholipase A2(PLA2) on brain tissue of SD rat in acute pancreatitis. Methods With retrograde injection of 3% taurocholate sodium into pancreatic and biliary duct, rat model of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) was made,and it included four groups: the control group, the sham-operation group, the SAP group and the PLA2 inhibitor-treated group of SAP. Serum amylases, PLA2 and PLA2 in brain tissue were measured and the brain tissue changes were observed. Results There were no significant difference in serum amylases, PLA2 and PLA2 in brain tissue between the sham-operation and the control groups; the levels of serum amylases, PLA2 and PLA2 in brain tissue in the SAP group were higher than those in the control. In the SAP group expansion and hemorrhage of meninges, intracephalic arteriolar hyperemia, in meninges and cephalic-parenchyma infiltration of inflammatory cells and interval broaden were observed, significant differences were found between two groups.Compared with the SAP group, the level of serum amylase, PLA2 and PLA2 in brain tissue were reduced significantly in the treatment group of SAP. Pathological damages in the treatment group were significantly reduced when compared with the SAP group. Conclusion PLA2 might play an important role in brain tissue damages in severe acute pancreatitis.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of acupuncture combined with training of the modified rehabilitation apparatus on upper limb motor function of patients with ischemic stroke.Methods86 patients with ischemic stroke were divided randomly into the treatment group ( treated by acupuncture combined with training of the rehabilitation apparatus) and the control group (treated by simple acupuncture). The upper limb motor function of two groups was evaluated by Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) before and after treatment.ResultsAfter 28 days treatment, scores of FMA of two groups were all raised significantly, but it was significantly greater for the treatment group than the control group (P<0.01).ConclusionIt is shown that acupuncture combined with training of the rehabilitation apparatus can improve the upper limb motor function and activity of daily living of patients with ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND: A latest research indicates that γ~δ T cells following touching with microbe products show characteristics as dendritic cells and antigen-presenting cells (APC) and induce intensive immune response of CD4~+ CD8~+ γ~δ T cells.OBJECTIVE: To verify APC-like functions of γ~δ T cells during transplantation rejection, investigate a simple and effective method to amplify γ~δ T cells in vitro, and to infect γ~δ T cells with FasL retrovirus system.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An animal experiment was performed at Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from August 2007 to August 2008. MATERIALS: A total of 60 healthy adult Wistar rats of clean grade and weighing 200-320 g were used to establish donor and receptor models with segmental heterotopic small intestine transplantation.METHODS: Models of segmental heterotopic small intestine transplantation were established using three sleevelet vascular anastomosis. γ~δ T cells were obtained using flow cytometry and its function was demonstrated. Mononuclear cells were routinely separated and amplified with Mtb-Ag. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cell proliferation was observed; percentage of γ~δ T cells for lymphocytes was detected using TCRγ~δ magnetic beads kit; γ~δ T cells following transfection were detected using pLXSN FasL retrovirus system. RESULTS: Activated γ~δ T cells showed dendritic cell-like adhesion function and APC-like functions during transplantation rejection. γ~δ T cells accounted 4.5% for mononuclear cells, the purification of γ~δ T cells was up to 72.2% on the 10~(th) day after activated by Mtb-Ag, and the purification of γ~δ T cells was up to 99.1% through positive magnetic sorting. 285 bp FasL fragment demonstrated that the gene integration was observed in PA317 cells. The ration of FasL+ cells was 97.3% after infected by pLXSN FasL retrovirus system.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated APC-like functions of γ~δ T cells during transplantation rejection. γ~δ T cells were successfully amplified in vitro. PA317/ pLXSN2FasL+ retrovirus system was successfully constructed and γ~δ T cells were modified by FasL retrovirus system.

Objective To evaluate Test-retest reliability of Mandarin monosyllable lists with equivalency in audibility in hearing loss group. Methods Mandarin monosyllable lists were used to test 18 adults with moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss. Each people was tested twice with an interval of several days and with same test conditions including same lists order, same presentation level, and same tester. List number to begin with was different between people. All test lists for one patient were presented by 30 dB above his hearing threshold levels. Recognition scores were recorded in both tests. The results were analyzed using SPSS. Results Pearson product-moment correlation between the scores of two tests was 0. 931 (P<0. 001). The average critical difference was 16.3 % at the 95 % confidence level after the scores transformed into "rationalized" arcsine unit (RAU). Conclusion The average critical difference is 16. 3% at the 95% confidence level which is less than in the normal hearing group. All the lists have good test-retest reliability, and can be used in extensive clinical practice.

Objective To assess the influence of PBL formation study effectiveness of TCM students.Methods The controlled studies with the teaching format of both PBL and LBL were included to assess the effectiveness of learning,by searching CBM,CNKI and VIP database.All data was analyzed on Revman 5.1.Results 9 articles were included ; All were low in the quality of their methodology,and the theoretical scores of students in PBL or LBL format shows no statistical difference [SMD=3.76,95％ CI ( -0.62,8.15 ) ].PBL format was superior to LBL on students' practical scores [SMD=7.62,95％ CI ( 3.92,11.32 ) ]; Compared to LBL format,PBL proved to have a better influence on students' self-assessment for learning ability[OR=3.69,95％ CI( 1.88,7.21 )].Conclusion PBL helps to enhance the activeness of students,to improve their practical ability,which is valuable if applied in clinical concerned courses.But the included studies were low in quality; more rigorously randomized controlled teaching trials are expected to verify the conclusion.

Objective To evaluate the effect of early-phase insulin secretion and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, and to analysis the risk factors of glucose tolerance deterioration. Methods Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in subjects over 30 years old coming from 78 families with type 2 diabetes. A total of 118 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) [fasting plasma glucose (FPG)<6.1 mmol/L and 2h postprandial glucose (2hPG)<7.8 mmol/L] were enrolled. Another OGTT was performed in them to define the glucose tolerance status at the end of the 4-7 years follow-up. AINS30/APG30, the ratio of the increment of insulin to that of plasma glucose at 30 min after the glucose load, was used to assess the early phase insulin secretion. HOMA-IR and HOMA-β were calculated to assess the insulin resistance and β-cell function respectively. Results After 4-7 years follow-up, 66 of 118 subjects still remained NGT, while 52 became either diabetic (n=11)or pre-diabetic (n=41). Using the median of HOMA-IR and AINS30/APG30 as the cutoff points, all subjects were divided into four groups: subjects with good early phase insulin secretion and no insulin resistance, subjects with good early insulin secretion but relative insulin resistance, subjects with impaired early phase insulin secretion but no insulin resistance, subjects with impaired early phase insulin secretion and also relative insulin resistance. The incidences of abnormal glucose tolerance among these four groups were 23.1%, 36.4%, 45.5% and 73.1% respectively. There was a statistical difference between the former three groups and the last one (P<0.05). Log/st/c regression analysis showed that only the early phase insulin secretion was the risk factor of glucose tolerance deterioration, while age, gender, insulin resistance or β-cell function were not. Conclusion Impaired early phase insulin secretion is a major risk factor for the disturbance of glucose metabolism in the population with NGT.

In this study, the effects of blood glucose and blood pressure on the compliance of large and small arteries were investigated. The results showed that arterial compliances of both large and small arteries were decreased in patients with diabetes mellitus. In non-diabetic patients with well controlled blood pressure, the compliance of small arteries was markedly improved. These results suggested that both blood glucose and blood pressure affected arterial compliance.