Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Adult ; Breathing Exercises ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Dysmenorrhea ; therapy ; Exhalation ; Female ; Humans ; Needles

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of gastric bypass( GBP) on type 2 diabetes mel-litus(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)patients with different body mass index(BMI).Methods T2DM patients undergoing GBP from Sep.2012 to Jul.2013 were divided into 2 groups:obese group( BMI≥28 kg/m2 , 16 ca-ses)and overweight group(BMI<28 kg/m2,21 cases).Changes of fasting plasma glucose(FPG), insulin resist-ance index(HOMA-IR)and insulin stimulation release(INS), C peptide release, BMI, glycosylated hemoglobin ( HbA1c) at 3 and 6 months after surgery were observed.Results INS and C peptide improved 3 months after surgery(P<0.05),and they were close to normal at 6 months after surgery.HbA1c significantly decreased 3 months after surgery compared with that before surgery( P<0.05) and it was close to normal at 6 months after sur-gery.Patients in obese group had significantly declined weight 3 months after surgery compared with that before surgery, and reached the steady state 6 months after surgery.15 cases(93.7%) in the obese group had BMI<25 kg/m2 , and the difference had statistical significance ( P<0.05 ) .Patients in the overweight group had their weight declined but no statistical difference was found(P>0.05).Blood sugar in the obese group decreased with different degrees at 3 and 6 months after surgery.The effective rate was 92%for the obese group and 78%for the overweight group.The overall effective rate was 90%.Conclusion GBP has significant therapeutic value for T2DM patients with different BMI, especially for patients in obese group, which is worth of clinical promotion.

No abstract available.
Gastrins*

BACKGROUNDHuman beta-defensin-3 (HBD(3)) is an epithelial peptide that has been demonstrated to have a salt-insensitive broad spectrum of potent antimicrobial activity. Expressing antimicrobial peptides in Escherichia coli (E. coli) is very difficult for it can result in death of the bacterial host cells. Our aim was to establish a prokaryotic system expressing soluble HBD(3) protein and demonstrate the antimicrobial activity of the expressed protein. We then studied whether the host cells would activate the suicide pathways.

METHODSWe first cloned the complementary DNA coding for the mature chain of HBD(3), inserted it into the vector PGEX-KG then transformed E. coli BL21 (DE3) with the appropriate recombinant plasmid. After induction with 0.5 mmol/L isopropyl-1-thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside (IPTG) the transformed E. coli produced a recombinant glutathione S-transferase and HBD(3) (GST-HBD(3)) fusion protein. The fusion protein was treated with thrombin to produce pure HBD(3) protein then the antimicrobial activity of HBD(3) was evaluated in a liquid microdilution assay.

RESULTSThe fusion protein GST-HBD(3) was efficiently cleaved by thrombin and yielded HBD(3) that had anti-staphylococcus aureus activity with a minimal inhibitory concentration level of 12.5 microg/ml. The E. coli strain expressing the recombinant protein did not grow slower than the empty vector strain.

CONCLUSIONActive HBD(3) in E. coli by expressing the recombinant protein GST-HBD(3) could be produced, and suicide did not occur in the E. coli strain expressing the recombinant protein.

Amino Acid Sequence ; DNA, Complementary ; chemistry ; genetics ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; growth & development ; Glutathione Transferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Thrombin ; metabolism ; beta-Defensins ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology

The quality of Chinese medicinal materials relates greatly to the clinical curative effect and security. In order to ensure the quality and safety of Chinese medicinal materials, a systematic and operable traceability system needs to be established. It can realize the whole process of quality and safety management of Chinese medicinal materials "from production to consumption" through recording and inquiring information and recalling defective products, which is an important direction for the future development of traditional Chinese medicine. But it is still at the exploration and trial stage. In this paper, a framework of Chinese medicinal materials' quality and safety traceability system was established on the basis of the domestic and international experience about the construction of food and agricultural products traceability systems. The relationship between traceability system of Chinese medicinal materials' quality and GAP, GMP, GSP was analyzed, and the possible problems and the corresponding solutions were discussed.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVETo optimize the formulation of an emollient for treatment of atopic dermatitis prepared using ceramide, sodium hyaluronate, paeonol, and camellia-seed oil.

METHODSThe emollients with different ratios of the 4 components were designed according to the L9(34)orthogonal table with 4 factors and 3 levels. The efficacy of the prepared emollients was tested in 4-6 week-old BALB/c mouse models of atopic dermatitis to determine the optimal formulation of the emollient by evaluating skin water content, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), pharmacodynamics and skin irritation.

RESULTSRange analysis of the orthogonal table and analysis of variance showed that ceramide and camellia seed oil contents had the greatest impact on the skin water content and TEWL, respectively, and the optimal composition of the emollient contained the 4 components at the ratios of D1E1F1G1. Pharmacodynamic experiments showed that at high, medium and low doses, the emollient with the optimal formulation significantly improved the skin water content, pH and TEWL in the mice (P<0.05) with similar effects in the positive control group (P>0.05) and a skin irritation test score of 0.

CONCLUSIONThe emollient we prepared can significantly improve skin water content, pH and TEWL in the mouse model of atopic dermatitis without skin irritations.

A new electrochemical method for telomerase activity assay was developed on the basis of hybridization chain reaction ( HCR)-assisted multiple signal amplification, aiming at improving the sensitivity and specificity of telomerase assay. The experiments utilized HeLa cells as original source of the telomerase in the electrochemical studies. The telomerase primer was firstly self-assembled on the surface of gold electrode. The telomerase catalyzed the elongation of the primer, producing the complementary sequences of hairpin probe H1. In this case, HCR was then initiated by interacting with two hairpin probes H1 and H2. Because both H1 and H2 were modified by biotin, horseradish peroxidase could be captured on the electrode surface through the high-affinity interaction between biotin and streptavidin, catalyzing the oxidation of o-phenylenediamine to produce 2,3-diaminophenazine. Therefore, the telomerase assay was realized by tracing the electrochemical signals with differential pulse voltammetry. This electrochemical method was of high efficiency and feasibility for detecting telomerase activity, and could trace the telomerase activity down to 10 cells/mL HeLa cells with a wide linear range. Besides, it could also easily distinguish the target enzyme from the control proteins with high specificity.

This paper expounds how the tractor for the fracture reduction works. The clinical results show that the traction apparatus is a labour-saving and time-saving orthopedic device with simple operation and few suffering to patients.
Arm Injuries ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Equipment Design ; Fracture Fixation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Leg Injuries ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Radiography ; Traction ; instrumentation ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the recovery of sexual function of surgically treated male patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

METHODSA prospective and a mean 16-month postoperative follow-up were conducted for 22 male patients surgically treated for cervical spondylotic myelopathy complicated by sexual dysfunction. Their neurologic scores were obtained by the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) Scoring System, their sexual function assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), and their pre- and post-operative reflexogenic and psychogenic erection analyzed by comparison.

RESULTSMost of the patients experienced an obvious improvement in neurological function after the surgery, with a significantly higher JOA score than pre-operation ( P < 0.01). Compared with the preoperative rates of abnormal reflexogenic and psychogenic erection, 82% (18/22) and 18% (4/22) , the average IIEF score was elevated from preoperatively (9.90 +/- 2. 22) to postoperatively (20.89 +/- 3.89), with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCervical spondylotic myelopathy induces sexual as well as neurological dysfunction, mostly with abnormal psychogenic but normal reflexogenic erection. With neurological recovery, most of the patients may experience an improvement in their sexual function after surgery.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Erectile Dysfunction ; etiology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; complications ; surgery

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of microglial pyroptosis in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. METHODS: An oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model of rat microglial cells were cultured in vitro. Western blot was used to measure the expression of the pyroptosis-related proteins caspase-1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and N-terminal gasdermin D (GSDMD-N) at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after OGD/R. After the microglial cells were transfected with lentivirus-mediated silenced gasdermin D (GSDMD), immunofluorescence assay and Western blot were used to measure the transfection rate of GSDMD. Microglial cell lines were divided into three groups: normal control, negative control, and LV-sh_GSDMD (lentivirus-mediated GSDMD silencing). CCK-8 assay and LDH kit were used to observe the effect of GSDMD silencing on the viability and toxicity of microglial cells at 24 hours after OGD/R. Western blot was used to observe the effect of GSDMD silencing on the levels of caspase-1, GSDMD-N, and IL-1β in the microglial cells at 24 hours after OGD/R. RESULTS: The expression levels of the pyroptosis-related proteins caspase-1, GSDMD-N, and IL-1β in microglial cells were upregulated since 0 hour after OGD/R and reached the peak levels at 24 hours. A microglial cell model of lentivirus-mediated GSDMD silencing was successfully constructed. At 24 hours after OGD/R, compared with the normal control group, the GSDMD silencing group had a significant increase in the cell viability and a significant reduction in the cytotoxicity (P<0.05), as well as significant reductions in the protein expression levels of caspase-1, GSDMD-N, and IL-1β in microglial cells (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Lentivirus silencing of the key substrate protein for pyroptosis GSDMD can alleviate hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, suggesting that microglial pyroptosis aggravates hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.
Animals ; Brain/metabolism* ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Microglia/metabolism* ; Pyroptosis ; Rats