1.Short-term Effects of 308-nm Xenon-chloride Excimer Laser and Narrow-band Ultraviolet B in the Treatment of Vitiligo: A Comparative Study.
Seok Beom HONG ; Hyun Ho PARK ; Mu Hyoung LEE
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2005;20(2):273-278
We compared the clinical efficacy of a short-term intervention of 308-nm excimer laser with that of narrow-band UVB (NBUVB) phototherapy for vitiligo patients to see the early response. Twenty-three symmetrically patterned patches of vitiligo on 8 patients were selected. Vitiligo patches on one side of the body were treated 2 times per week for a maximum of 20 treatments with the excimer laser, and NBUVB phototherapy was used on patches on the other side. Improvement (repigmentation) was assessed on a visual scale via serial photographs taken every five treatments and scored as follows: 0,
Adult
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Chlorides/*therapeutic use
;
Comparative Study
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Lasers/*therapeutic use
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Treatment Outcome
;
*Ultraviolet Therapy
;
Vitiligo/pathology/*radiotherapy
;
Xenon/*therapeutic use
2.Xenon post-conditioning protects against spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by downregulating mTOR pathway and inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced neuronal apoptosis.
Lan LUO ; Jia Qi TONG ; Lu LI ; Mu JIN
Journal of Southern Medical University 2022;42(8):1256-1262
OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study was to determine whether xenon post-conditioning affects mTOR signaling as well as endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-apoptosis pathway in rats with spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury.
METHODS:
Fifty male rats were randomized equally into sham-operated group (Sham group), I/R model group (I/R group), I/R model+ xenon post-conditioning group (Xe group), I/R model+rapamycin (a mTOR signaling pathway inhibitor) treatment group (I/R+ Rapa group), and I/R model + xenon post- conditioning with rapamycin treatment group (Xe + Rapa group).. In the latter 4 groups, SCIRI was induced by clamping the abdominal aorta for 85 min followed by reperfusion for 4 h. Rapamycin (or vehicle) was administered by daily intraperitoneal injection (4 mg/kg) for 3 days before SCIRI, and xenon post-conditioning by inhalation of 1∶1 mixture of xenon and oxygen for 1 h at 1 h after initiation of reperfusion; the rats without xenon post-conditioning were given inhalation of nitrogen and oxygen (1∶ 1). After the reperfusion, motor function and histopathologic changes in the rats were examined. Western blotting and real-time PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1α, PERK, mTOR, p-mTOR, Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 in the spinal cord.
RESULTS:
The rats showed significantly lowered hind limb motor function following SCIRI (P < 0.01) with a decreased count of normal neurons, increased mRNA and protein expressions of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1α, PERK, and caspase-3, and elevated p-mTOR/mTOR ratio and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio (P < 0.01). Xenon post-conditioning significantly decreased the mRNA and protein levels of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1α, PERK and caspase-3 (P < 0.05 or 0.01) and reduced p-mTOR/mTOR and Bax/Bcl-2 ratios (P < 0.01) in rats with SCIRI; the mRNA contents and protein levels of GRP78 and ATF6 were significantly decreased in I/R+Rapa group (P < 0.01). Compared with those in Xe group, the rats in I/R+Rapa group and Xe+Rapa had significantly lowered BBB and Tarlov scores of the hind legs (P < 0.01), and caspase-3 protein level and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were significantly lowered in Xe+Rapa group (P < 0.05 or 0.01).
CONCLUSION
By inhibiting ERS and neuronal apoptosis, xenon post- conditioning may have protective effects against SCIRI in rats. The mTOR signaling pathway is partially involved in this process.
Animals
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Apoptosis
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Caspase 3/metabolism*
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
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Endoribonucleases/pharmacology*
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Injections, Intraperitoneal
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Male
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Neurons/pathology*
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Nitrogen/metabolism*
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Oxygen/metabolism*
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
;
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism*
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RNA, Messenger/metabolism*
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Random Allocation
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Rats
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Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Reperfusion Injury/metabolism*
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Sirolimus/pharmacology*
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Spinal Cord Ischemia/pathology*
;
TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism*
;
Xenon/therapeutic use*
;
bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism*