Williams syndrome is a rare disease caused by 1.5 ～ 1.8 Mb gene deletion in the chromosome 7q1 1.23 region,with autosomal dominant inheritance.The incidence is about 1/10 000.It involves the cardiovascular system,nervous system,endocrine system and so on,and is most likely to cause damage to the cardiovascular system.The mortality of sudden cardiac death in patients with Williams syndrome is higher than that in healthy population.At present,suspected patients were screened by Lowery score and the American pediatrics score,then were evaluated by imaging examination and were diagnosed by gene detection.The main therapy is symptomatic treatment.Therefore,it is important to ensure an accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment.In the article,the research progress of the clinical diagnosis,gene diagnosis,gene therapy and prognosis is reviewed.

Objective:To discuss the relationship between serum advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP)and cystatin C with the early preeclampsia pregnancy outcome.Methods:Clinical data of 75 patients received treatment and labor at our hospital from 2011 to 2013 was retrospectively analyzed.The control group included 60 normal pregnant women who received prenatal examination in our hospital at the same time.The difference in cystatin C and AOPP level of the patients with preeclampsia and the normal group was compared.The clinical data and the adverse pregnancy outcome of the patients with preeclampsia in different severity and different outcome of pregnancy were compared.Results:A total of 135 patients were retrospective analyzed ,including 75 in observe group and 60 in control group.The SBP level in the patients with preeclampsia is obviously higher than in the normal group .The level of SB,UA,Cr and AOPP in the patients of mild group is obviously lower than in the severe group.The incidence of oligohydramnios , placental abruption,fetal growth restriction and HELLP syndrome in the patients of mild group was obviously lower than in the severe group .The differences were statistically significant.The level of cystatin C,UA,Cr and AOPP in the patients of adverse pregnancy outcome were obviously higher than in the group of good outcome of pregnancy.Conclusion:The cystatin C and AOPP level of the early preeclampsia patients is obviously increased and it has significant correlation with the pregnancy outcome in patients .

Recent discoveries about the effects of drugs of abuse on the brain and the mechanisms of their addictions, and new actions of available medications are offering many opportunities for the discovery and development of novel medications to treat addictive disorders.This article reviews the current medications that have shown promising results for treating opioid, cocaine, methamphetamine, cannabis, alcohol and nicotine addictions.

Objective To study the current situation of diagnosis and treatment of rudimentary uterine horn pregnancy through 4-cases report. Methods We made a clinical study of 4 cases of rudimentary uterine horn pregnancy admitted to our hospital between 1995 and 2005. Results Three patients had been undergone artificial abortion before they were admitted to our hospital. All the patients were asymptomatic. Ultrasonography was made in 3 cases. Two cases were diagnosed as rudimentary uterine horn pregnancy. Three patients were cured with surgery. Conclusions Rudimentary uterine horn pregnancy is rare and with atypical clinical manifestation in the first trimester. Although diagnosis before surgery is difficult, ultrasonography and MRI make a great role. Surgery is the most important therapeutic method.

Objective:To test Jiang Guangrong's(2005)three-dimension model on the depth of counseling process.Methods:In this process-outcome research,28 sessions in a university counseling center were videotaped and coded in terms of the model.Structure Equation Model(SEM)was used to examine the relations between the coding and counselors and clients' evaluation of the session depth.Results:(1)Clients and counselors evaluated differently on the session depth,and clients' evaluation was more positive than counselors' [(4.95±1.12)vs.(4.23±0.94),P<0.05];(2)The model was significantly correlated with counselors' session depth evaluation(path coefficient = 0.55,P<0.01),but not with the clients';(3)The session curves describing each dimension changing over time had different patterns in sessions of different depth level,through which more about the counseling process could be known.Conclusion:The three-dimension model on the depth of counseling process has got some empirical evidences.

This paper reviews the advances concerning the diagnosis and treatment of carpal collapse. Systematic study on carpal collapse was launched only two decades ago. The improved roentgenologic diagnosis has deepened our understanding of the disorder. Its classification has helped doctors conduct objective follow ups of the progress and prognosis of the disease. And the related biomechanical research has made clear mechanism of the collapse which can serve as an important basis for choice of operative methods. The various partial carpal arthrodesis, of which the commonest is four corner arthrodesis, and proximal row carpectomy are proved to be effective in relieving most symptoms and ending the continuation of collapse, so they have become major treatment methods for the disease. But operative methods have to be chosen in the light of detailed conditions of radiocarpal and midcarpal joints. The silicon arthroplasty has been abandoned due to its serious complications.

Total 12 478 of newborn babies were included in this study during the period of from 2001 to 2008 in Yanbian Maternity and Infant Health Hospital.The incidence of natal teeth was 0.96%,and it was 1.65% and 0.31% in Korean nationality and Han nationality,respectively.The difference of natal teeth incidence between Korean nationality and Han nationality was statistically significant.

39 cases of fatally abused children were collected during April,1984 to febraury,1987 in Los Angeless,U.S.A.73 cases of non-abused children were obtained as control.Both eyes of each case were taken and examined histo- pathologically.The intraocular changes occured in 64% of the fatally abused children.They were:Retinal hemorrhage,vitrous hemorrhage,retinal de- tachmedt,papilledema,subdural hemorrhage of the optic nerve and traum- atic cataract.On the other hand,the intraocular changes occured in 28% of control cass,especially in those of traffic and other accidents which usually caused the injuries of head and neck.Considering the intraocular changes and the general injuries together,we suggest that the most important mec- hanism of the intraocular changes be head injuries and whiplash syndrome.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of job stress of clinical nursing teachers in order to provide information for nurse managers formulating targeted stress management.Method Toally 185 clinical nursing teachers were evaluated with the Chinese nurses stressors scale (CNSS).Results The scores by CNSS was 75.4 ±23.6.Age,working experience,job rank,education background,working department,marriage status and demission intention were found to be adverse impacts on CNSS's scores (all P＜0.01).Conclusion Clinical nursing teachers have middle working pressure.Effective intervention should be provided by nursing managers to prevent and relieve job stress and negative psychological conditions of these teachers.

The paper selects 4 famous foreign Evidence-based Medicine (EBM) databases-UpToDate,DynaMed,Medskills and CISMeF for analysis and comparison from 3 perspectives of the structures,retrieval methods and evidence grading standards,in order to provide reference for the construction and development of the EBM databases in China.