Abstract Deviant behaviors among adolescents is widespread and have substantial impacts on family and society. Increasing evidence has shown that adolescents who experienced traumatic stress events and suffered from post traumatic stress disorder are at significantly higher risk of deviant behaviors than their healthy peers and have their personal lives negatively affected. In this review, the effect of PTSD on deviant behaviors in adolescents is summarized, in which adolescent deviant behaviors are mainly classified into extroverted, introverted, and academic deviant behavior, as well as deviant habits. Meanwhile, aims to explore the neural mechanism linking PTSD and adolescent deviant behaviors, and to provide suggestions for intervention of deviant behaviors.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the perioperative prophylactic use of antibiotics in thoracic surgery department of 7 hos-pitals in Nantong city,and to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic. METHODS:In retrospective study,6652 dis-charged patients with thoracic surgery were selected from 7"third-level hospitals"of Nantong city during 2015-2016. The gender, age,length of stay,preoperative medication,medication timing,classification of incision,operation time,drug name,usage and dosage,route of administration,drug combination and prognosis were analyzed statistically. According to the relevant regulations of special rectification and the principle of perioperative antibiotics use,the rationality of antibiotics use was evaluated. RE-SULTS:Among 6652 patients,there were 2761 cases of typeⅠincision and 3891 cases of typeⅡincision. All of them used anti-biotics. Primary prophylactic time was 0.5-2 h before operation in 5282 cases,accounting for 79.40％;1370 cases were given medicine more than 2 h before surgery or after surgery,accounting for 20.60％. Totally 1070 cases received prophylactic medica-tion within 48 h,accounting for 16.09％;5582 cases received prophylactic medication more than 48 h,accounting for 83.91％. A total of 5702 cases were given only one antibiotic,and 950 cases received two-drug combination. A total of 6342 patients used an-tibiotics irrationally,accounting for 95.34％. Eight categories 15 kinds of antibiotics were involved. β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibi-tors,fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins were mostly used. CONCLUSIONS:After the implementation of special rectification, there are still many irrational phenomena in the prophylactic use of antibiotics in thoracic surgery department of 7 hospitals in Nan-tong city. Some indexes exceed the national standard and still need to be further managed and improved.

Alcohol abuse leads to alcoholic liver disease and no effective therapy is currently available. Wuzhi Tablet (WZ), a preparation of extract fromthat is a traditional hepato-protective herb, exerted a significant protective effect against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in our recent studies, but whether WZ can alleviate alcohol-induced toxicity remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of WZ to alcohol-induced liver injury by using chronic-binge and acute models of alcohol feeding. The activities of ALT and AST in serum were assessed as well as the level of GSH and the activity of SOD in the liver. The expression of CYP2E1 and proteins in the NRF2-ARE signaling pathway including NRF2, GCLC, GCLM, HO-1 were measured, and the effect of WZ on NRF2 transcriptional activity was determined. We found that both models resulted in liver steatosis accompanied by increased transaminase activities, but that liver injury was significantly attenuated by WZ. WZ administration also inhibited CYP2E1 expression induced by alcohol, and elevated the level of GSH and the activity of SOD in the liver. Moreover, the NRF2-ARE signaling pathway was activated by WZ and the target genes were all upregulated. Furthermore, WZ significantly activated NRF2 transcriptional activity. Collectively, our study demonstrates that WZ protected against alcohol-induced liver injury by reducing oxidative stress and improving antioxidant defense, possibly by activating the NRF2-ARE pathway.