In order to improve the knowledge of clinicians in hypoxia of COPD during the night,the physiological changes of arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide during sleep in healthy population were investigated at first,and the features and state of oxygen deficiency during sleep in patients with COPD were analyzed.Furthermore,the possible mechanism,effect,predictor,diagnosis and therapy were explored.

Objective To investigate the medical effect of the ethanol extract of Acorus gramineus Sol.on arthritis of mice induced by collagen-Ⅱ,and explore the potential pharmacological mechanisms.Methods Arthritis mouse model was established by injection of admixture containing type Ⅱ collagen and Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) in male BALB/c mice.Mice were divided into five groups:the normal control group (0.9% of sodium chloride solution),the model control group (0.9% of sodium chloride solution),tripterygium group (15 μg·kg-1 of tripterygium tablets), the high-dose of extract of Acorus gramineus Sol.group (60 mg·kg-1 extract of Acorus gramineus Sol.) and the low-dose of extract of Acorus gramineus Sol.group (15 mg·kg-1 extract of Acorus gramineus Sol.).Each group was administered once a day,lasting 21 days.During the experiment,ankles of all mice were measured at predetermined time.At the end of the experiment,blood of the mice was exsanguinated and centrifuged to get serum for measuring the levels of IL-1β,RF and TNF-α.Spleens of mice were dissected and weighed to calculate the spleen index.All arthritis ankles were dissected to make tissue section,and observed under microscope.Results Compared with the model control group,the perimeter of ankle joints of the high-dose of extract of Acorus gramineus Sol.group significantly changed 6 days after administration (P<0.05);That of the low-dose of extract of Acorus gramineus Sol.group significantly changed 12 days after administration (P<0.05);That of tripterygium group significantly changed 9 days after administration (P<0.05).As compared with the normal control group, the spleen index of the model control group was significantly different (P<0.01).As compared with the model control group,the spleen index of tripterygium group,high-dose and low-dose of extract of Acorus gramineus Sol.groups were significantly different (P<0.05).As compared with the normal control group,levels of IL-1β,RF and TNF-α of the model control group were significantly different (all P<0.01).As compared with the model control group,levels of IL-1β,RF and TNF-α of tripterygium group,high-dose and low-dose of extract of Acorus gramineus Sol.groups were significantly decreased.Conclusion Ethanol extracts of Acorus gramineus Sol.have significant therapeutic effect on arthritis mice.The anti-arthritic mechanism is associated with its ability to regulate levels of IL-1β,RF and TNF-α.

The effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on the proliferation of human airway epithelial cells and the possible mechanism was studied. After airway epithelial cells were treated with different concentrations of CSE for 24 h, the cell proliferation was measured by MTT and the distribution of different cell cycles by flow cytometry. The FAK expression level was detected by Western blot and the degree of tyrosine phosphorylation by immunoprecipitation. The results showed that CSE could inhibit the proliferation of human airway epithelial cells, arrest the epithelial cells in G1 phase of cell cycle, dramatically decrease the number of epithelial cells in S and G2 phases; Meanwhile CSE could decrease the expression level of FAK and the degree of its tyrosine phosphorylation. The above effects of CSE were concentration-dependent. The expression of FAK and the degree of its phosphorylation was positively correlated to the increased number of epithelial cells in G1 phase, and negatively to the number of epithelial cells in S and G2 phases. It was concluded that the mechanism by which CSE could inhibit the proliferation of human epithelial cells was contributed to the increased expression and activation of FAK.
Bronchi/*cytology ; Bronchi/metabolism ; Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Enzyme Activation ; Epithelial Cells/*cytology ; Epithelial Cells/enzymology ; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/biosynthesis ; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Tobacco/adverse effects ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/*adverse effects

AIM: To study the effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on adhesion and migration of human airway epithelial cells and it's mechanism. METHODS: After 24 h culture, the airway epithelial cells were treated with different concentrations of CSE. The rate of cell attachment and the velocity of cell migration were measured. The expression of FIP200 mRNA and protein were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: CSE inhibited the rate of cell attachment and the velocity of cell migration. Meanwhile CSE increased the expression level of FIP200 mRNA and FIP200 protein. The effects of CSE became more evident with increased concentration of CSE. Expression of FIP200 mRNA and FIP200 protein were positively correlated to the decreased rate of cell attachment and the velocity of cell migration. CONCLUSION: CSE inhibits the rate of cell attachment, the velocity of cell migration and increases the expression of FIP200.

Objective To study the leukocyte adhesion molecules in the pathogrnesis of ALI and ARDS.Methods The positive expression rates of CD11a、CD11b and CD18 in peripheral blood were quantitatively analyzed by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies in 26 cases of ALI,18cases of ARDS and 15 healthy controls.Results The expression rates of CD11a、CD11b and CD18 in polymorphonuclear neutrophils and monocytes from the ALI group and ARDS group were much higher than those in the control group(P

Purpose:To detect the abnormalities of WWOX(WW domain containing oxidoreductase) gene in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. Methods:Deletion of WWOX exons 6-8 transcript was analyzed by reverse transcriptase-PCR technology; loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of WWOX gene was analyzed by PCR-based assays for dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms technology. Aberrant expression of WWOX protein was analyzed by western blot. Results:A549 cells samples showed loss of WWOX exons 6-8 transcript.This deletion was not detected in normal primary cultured human bronchial epithelial cells samples.Three microsatellites(D16S3029、D16S3096、D16S504)did not have LOH in the normal primary cultured human bronchial epithelial cells samples, but D16S2029 and D16S3096 were all found to have LOH in A549 Cells samples. We further observed that expression of WWOX protein was significantly lower in A549 cell samples compared to the normal primary cultured human bronchial epithelial cells samples. Conclusions:WWOX gene may be important during tumorigenesis in lung adenocarcinoma cancer.Deletion of exons 6-8,LOH and aberrant expression of protein are all modes of WWOX gene inactivity in lung adenocarcinoma cancer.

AIM: To investigate the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on activation of nuclear factor ?B. METHODS: The techniques of culture of human T lymphocytes, Western blot and RT-PCR were applied. The effects of NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) at different concentrations on mRNA and protein expression of I?B ? in human T lymphocytes at 30 min or 120 min after stimulating with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA-P) were observed. RESULTS: SNP at middle or high concentrations reduced the degradation of I?B ? protein 30 min after stimulating with PHA-P, and increased the re-expression of I?B ? mRNA 120 min after stimulating with PHA-P significantly. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of inhibitory effect of SNP at middle or high concentrations may be due to the decrease in degradation and the increase in re-synthesis of I?B ?. The regulatory mechanism of SNP at low concentration may not be through I?B ?.

To study the effect of Erigeron breviscapini on chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and mechanism，the hypoxic rats were injected intraperitoneally with Erigeron breviscapini. The mPAP，the content of serum nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were measured 5，14 and 28 days after intraperitoneal injection of Erigeron breviscapini in hypoxia respectively，and were compared with those in the single hypoxic group. The results showed that the contents of serum mPAP and ET-1 were higher，and serum NO was lower in single hypoxic group than in the normal rats (both P<0.01). The contents of serum mPAP and ET-1 were lower and NO was higher in the Erigeron breviscapini-treated group than in the single hypoxic group (P<0.01). It was suggested that Erigeron breviscapini could reduce the hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by increasing NO and decreasing ET-1 of serum. Erigeron breviscapini could be used to treat hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.

We investigated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene and production of endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) in the rat lung tissue at different time points of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and the effect of hemin on the expression of HO-1 gene and pulmonary hypertension. A rat model of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension was recreated by exposure to intermittent normobaric hypoxic environment (10% O2). Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to determine the level of HO-1 mRNA in the rat lung tissue and double wave length spectrophotometry was used to evaluate the quantity of COHb in arterial blood. Cardiac catheterization was employed to measure the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and HE staining was performed in dissected lung tissue to observe the pathological changes of the intra-acinar pulmonary arteries (IAPA). It was found that (1) There was a low level of HO-1 mRNA in normal rat lung tissue, but the level of HO-1 mRNA increased by 2-4 times in the lung tissue of hypoxic rats (P<0.01). The quantity of COHb was 2-3 times those of control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). These were accompanied by the increased of RVSP and the thickened IAPA; (2) Hemin could keep the HO-1 mRNA and COHb in the hypoxic rat lung tissue at a high level, and partially suppressed the increase of rat RVSP, thereby ameliorating the pathological changes of IAPA. In conclusion, the upregulation of the expression of HO-1 gene and production of CO in the rat lung of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension plays a role of inhibition in the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Hemin has a therapeutic effect on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.
Anoxia/complications ; Carbon Monoxide/*metabolism ; Carbon Monoxide/physiology ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)/*biosynthesis ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)/genetics ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology ; Hypertension, Pulmonary/*metabolism ; Lung/metabolism ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology ; Pulmonary Artery/metabolism ; Pulmonary Artery/*pathology ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics