Objective: To understand the prevalence of infectious diseases in schools in Beijing in 2010-2017 academic years, and to provide the reference for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools. Methods: Based in Disease Surveillance Information System, students aged 6-22 years were selected in 2010-2017 academic year into this descriptive analysis, and the legal infectious diseases and the intensively monitored diseases of surveillance system in Beijing were included. Results: From 2010 to 2017 academic years, the incidence rate of notifiable and certain monitored infectious diseases declined from 1 213.48/100 000 to 749.30/100 000, the incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases declined from 718.19/100 000 to 523.50/100 000. There was no report of category A. The top 4 infectious diseases of category B were scarlet fever(80.13/100 000), bacillary dysentery(74.42/100 000), tuberculosis(22.70/100 000) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)(4.03/100 000). The top 4 diseases of category C were other infectious diarrhea(157.62/100 000), hand foot and mouth disease(100.55/100 000), influenza(51.39/100 000)and mumps(49.47/100 000). The other particular monitored infectious disease was mainly chicken pox(296.04/100 000). The prevalence of AIDS and influenza increased significantly in recent years. The main infectious diseases in primary and junior school students were scarlet fever, hand foot and mouth disease, influenza, and in high school and college students were AID, tuberculosis and viral hepatitis. Conclusion In the 2010-2017 academic year , the number and incidence of notifiable infectious diseases and particular monitored infectious diseases among students in Beijing showed an overall downward trend. The main diseases among students in Beijing are scarlet fever, bacillary dysentery, infectious diarrhea and chicken pox. Prevention and control of AIDS, tuberculosis and viral hepatitis in high school and college students should be paid special attention.