The primary eye care service is still absent in most of primary medical organizations in present China.Since imaging examinations provide main contribution to the diagnosis of eye diseases,ophthalmology and blindness prevention have technical predominance and requiring market in the field of telemedicine or e-healthy.We have explored different paradigms of blindness prevention according to variable levels of the region economy and medical conditions.In the urban community,the paradigm for preventable blindness has been adopted,and however,in the rural areas,the paradigm for curable blindness has been taken.It should be advocated to combine the primary eye care with the primary healthy care.It is in favor of sharing information,enhancing efficiency,improving quality, as well as entire orientation management to carry out digitalized ophthalmology regional cooperative medical service.Moreover,governmental leading function and policy sustaining are needed to complete the reform.

Prevention and management of glaucoma is a priority task in the second phase of WHO " Vision 2020" project. In order to popularize the knowledge of glaucoma guideline, the author compiles the protocol of glaucoma guideline summary after referring to those deriving from American Academy of Ophthalmology, European Glaucoma Society, and South East Asia Glaucoma Interest Group. The guideline summary is easy to master and verify, and highlight the crucial points. The ISNT rule of neuroretinal rim is used to differentiate diagnosis between the physiological cup and glaucomatous rim lost. Foster's classification for primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) is used to select the treatment for PACG. It is emphasized that taking target pressure in the initial diagnosis, monitoring the optic discs and visual field loss in follow-up, and glaucoma screening by non-mydriatic digital fundus camera in the high risk population with screening diabetic retinopathy.

[Objective]To explore the rabbits' lipid peroxidation and cytokine level change caused by endotoxemia,use EPO for intervention.[Method]Bleed rabbits femoral for shock,after coming to,make injection of endotoxin,two beatings make dysfunctional multi-organs model;randomly divide 24 healthy rabbits into control group(1),2-beating group(2),EPO group(3),8 in each;take blood for testing indexes of TNF?,IL6,IL10 and MDA.[Result]Group 2 was higher than other groups on MDA level,group 3 less than group 2;group 2 was much higher than other 2 groups on TNF?,IL6 and IL10,group 3 less than group 2.[Conclusion]The cytokines and lipid peroxidation participating in the course of multi-organ injury caused by blood loss shock and endotoxemia can be reduced by EPO.

Multidrug-resistant organisms are growing worldwide public health problem and few therapeutic options remain available.The traditional antimicrobials (glycopeptides) for multidrug-resistant Grampositive infections are declining in efficacy.New antimicrobials that are presently available are linezolid,daptomicin and tigecycline,which have well-defined indications for severe multidrug-resistant organisms infections.Unfortunately,the therapies available for multidrug-resistant Gram-negatives including carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacteriaceae are limited to colistin and tigecycline only.Distribution of multidrug-resistant organisms are changing in recent years.Strains of multidrug-resistant organisms were dominated by Gram-negative bacteria in most hospital particularly in intensive care unit.Multidrug-resistant/pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii are increasing rapidly in trend.Strategy that includes surveillance,infection control procedures,isolation and antimicrobial principle should be emphasized and implemented to reduce multidrug-resistant organism diffusion.

To explore the relationship between endometriosis with menstruation as well as gestational status. [Methods] Case- group comparative trial was applied to investigate the menstruation as well as gestational status in 91 cases of endometriosis and 67 cases of non - endometriosis in the same period. [ Results ] Single - factor analysis showed that primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea were the risk factors of endometriosis. Age of primigravida and primiparity at 24 or less, times of pregnancy over 2 and the application of contraceptive device were the possibly protective factors. Unconditional logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea were the risk factors of endometriosis, and there was a positive interaction between the age of primigravida and the application of contraceptive device. [Conclusion] Primary dysmenorrhea was the risk factor of endometriosis.

Extracellular purine and pyrimidine nucleotides produce the biologic effects involved in activating P2 receptors.P2 receptors are divided P2X and P2Y receptor subtypes.There is molecular and functional evidence for widespread expression of P2X and P2Y receptor subtypes in osteoblasts,osteoclasts and cartilage cells of the skeletal system.Working through P2 receptors,ATP and other nucleotides released into the bone microenvironment regulate formation and activity of bone and cartilage,including development,growth,turnover and repair of biological functions.The release of nucleotides is increased under inflammatory conditions,and localized ATP release could stimulate formation and activation of osteoclasts.Abnormalities of bone remodelling can produce a variety of skeletal disorders.P2 receptors play an important role in the inflammatory disease of bone.

The current prevalence of myopia has been as high as 27.65%～53.80%among adolescents in Chinese schools.The major reasons are too much near-work activity and lack of outdoor activity for a long time.In order to reduce the prevalence of myopia in Chinese adolescents,we suggest that Chinese students should have 3.5 hours outdoor activity everyday,including 30 minutes travel between home and school,1 hour outdoor activity between classes,1 hour outdoor sport class at school,and 1 hour outdoor activity after school.

Male mice of Kunmlng strain were infected with 10 000 tachyzoites intraperitoneally. 2 hours after infection the mice were divided into 2 groups and administered 5 % of amylurn and 200 mg/kg of artemether by gavage for 8 consecutive days. The ultrastructural enzyme cytochemical studles on cytidine monophosphatase (CMP ase) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-P-ase) of the parasites were carried out. CMP-ase was found scattered in the lysosomes of the parasites as well as in the macrophages. No differences were observed in the localization and intensity of CMP-ase activity between the nontreated and treated with drug parasites. G6-P-ase was found surrounding the parasite membrane and scattered in the parasitophorous vacuole in the nontreated parasites. After treatment with artemether, the intensity of G-6-P-ase activity was decreased compared with nontreated control parasites. It is suggested that artemether may exert some action on the G-6-Patase of T. gondii and thus influence the energy metabolism of the parasite.

0.05, both). The mean levels of 5-LO and LTC4-S mRNA expression in active SLE group were significantly higher than those in normal controls respectively (P0.05). Conclusion The levels of 5-LO and LTC4-S mRNA expression in active SLE group increase markedly, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE and provide a valuable scientific basis for the clinical use of specific 5-LO inhibitors and cysteinyl leukotrienes receptor antagonists.

In order to make the best of the medical equipment and avoid repetitive purchase,our hospital establishes a medical equipment communion-center,the section offices of which are responsible for keeping the occasionally-used but indispensable equipment.The equipment managed by the Medical Affairs Office and the Medical Engineering Office could be lent to any section offices in the hospital,thus not only facilitating medical treatment but reducing expenses.