Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a group of diseases with malignant cloning in hematopoietic stem / progenitor cells. The main clinical feature is excessive proliferation of one or more lineage of myeloid cells, which cause increasing count of erythrocytes, granulocytes and platelets in peripheral blood.Arterio-venous thrombosis and complications are responsible for the mortality of MPN. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is a kind of anticoagulant that commonly used for its safety and validity. It can improve the hyperviscosity of blood , affect platelets, and interact with leukocytes and endothelial cells, by which can reduce cells aggregation. LMWH can effectively play an active role of anticoagulant in high-platelet plasma. All of these provides a theoretical basis to its availability in MPN.

Herbal prescription science is a bridge between basic and clinical subjects in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In studying the doctrines in the general textbook Herbal Prescription Science and applying them to clinical practice, it was found that they are imprecise and inapplicable. Based on the analysis of Suanzaoren Decoction, Xiaoqinglong Decoction, Jichuan Decoction, etc., the authors point out that this problem is due to the current pathogenesis-based research approach of the herbal prescription science. It is proposed that correspondence between formula and syndrome is the core of the herbal prescription science. In order to solve such a problem, searching for corresponding relationship between an herb or a formula and the signs and symptoms of a syndrome or disease should be the most important task in research of herbal prescription science, for emphasis on attention to the objective indications and evidence in clinical utilization of herbal formulas is the major feature of the herbal prescription science according to medication experience in the long history of TCM.

BACKGROUND:The appropriate choice of orthoses based on hemiplegic patient’s condition can improve motor function recovery in stroke patients.
OBJECTIVE:To review the motor function recovery of stroke patients with hemiplegia wearing different types of orthoses.
METHODS:Application of different types of orthoses in hemiplegic patients was reviewed through access to literature, as wel as effects of a variety of orthoses on the recovery of motor functions in hemiplegic patients.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Orthoses can reduce limb muscle tension and muscle spasms, and improve motor function and overal daily living skil s in stroke patients with hemiplegia, which play a variety of roles, including stable support, fixed protection, correction of deformity and functional compensation. However, the long-term therapeutic effect of orthoses cannot be verified because of fewer cases, shorter time for therapeutic observation, and the lack of long-term fol ow-up. It is necessary to perform long-term fol ow-up for the verification of long-term efficacy of orthoses. Meanwhile, the appropriate timing for removal of orthoses needs further study.

BACKGROUND:Stem cells under appropriate conditions can be induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells. Chinese herbs can function in cellproliferation and differentiation.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the interventional effects of traditional Chinese medicine on stem celltransplantation in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.
METHODS:Experimental studies concerning traditional Chinese medicine intervention for stem celltransplantation were retrieved and analyzed. Under specific conditions, stem cells can proliferate in vitro in a suspended or monolayer manner, and can be potential y induced to differentiate into neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, thereby providing basis for stem celltransplantation in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. We observed expressions of nestin, glial fibril ary acidic protein, and microtubule-associated protein expression for analysis of stem cellproliferation and differentiation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Baicalin or Astragalus saponin Ⅳ can stimulate stem cells to differentiate into nerve cells in vitro. Naomaitong or danshen combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation can promote neurological recovery from cerebrovascular diseases in rats. Buyang Huanwu Decoction can significantly promote the proliferation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone and neurological recovery after cerebral ischemia. Chinese herbs, such as Zhichan Decoction and Panax notoginseng, can promote survival of transplanted cells and prevent most cellapoptosis in the stem celltherapy for treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Therapy of benefiting qi and elevating yang or ginsenosides Rg1 combined with stem celltherapy can improve memory ability of dementia rats. Traditional Chinese medicine exerts a catalytic role in the stem celltherapy for cerebrovascular diseases.

There is a regular pattern in the diagnosis and treatment of exogenous high-grade fever, of which the key point is formula syndrome identification. Syndrome differentiation of the six channels is appropriate for not only exogenous cold but also various other conditions. The diagnosis and treatment of high-grade fever can also follow the law of syndrome differentiation of the six channels. The theory of epidemic febrile diseases stems from and elaborates on an understanding of exogenous febrile conditions, so many effective formulas used to treat epidemic febrile diseases also have great value in the treatment of high-grade fever. Deteriorated syndrome, which is central to this condition, is very commonly seen in cases of high-grade fever, the key therapeutic principle of which is established according to syndromes. Allowing analysis that does not rigidly adhere to either established modern diagnosis or traditional Chinese syndromes, prominent achievements could be made in treating high-grade fever by summarizing the regular presenting patterns in terms of the constitution and symptoms.

Objective: To explore the possible pathways and regulatory mechanism of TGF-β1-induced transdifferentiation of derma fibroblasts(FB) into myofibroblasts. Methods: Mice Wild-type and Smad3 knockout(Smad3 KO) derma FB were divided into 9 groups, namely, A: Wild-type FB; B:Wild-type FB+TGF-β1; C:Wild-type FB+SB431542; D:Wild-type FB+SB431542 +TGF-β1; E:Smad3 KO FB; F:Smad3 KO FB+TGF-β1; G:Wild-type FB+SB203580+TGF-β1; H:Wild-type FB+PD98059 +TGF-β1; and I: Wild-type FB + SP600125+TGF-β1. After synchronization treatment, the cells were treated with TGF-β1 with or without pretreatment with above mentioned kinases inhibitors. Then the cells were collected for RNA extraction and the expression of α-SMA was detected by real time quantitative RT PCR; some cells were analyzed by single cell RT-PCR to test the positive expression rate of α-SMA. Results: The expression and positive rate of α-SMA in SB431542 group and Smad3 knockout group were significantly increased(group E vs. group A; group D vs. group C; group F vs. group E, P<0.01) and those in SP600125 group and SB203580 group were significantly inhibited (group G and I vs. group B,P<0.05). Conclusion: In TGF-β1-induced derma fibroblasts transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts, Smad3 pathway plays a negative regulatory role and p38/ MAPK and JNK/MAPK pathway play a positive regulatory role.

The main function of interstitial cells of Cajal(ICCs) is to produce the gastrointestinal slow-wave electric potential,to impel the propagation of electric potential,and to participate in the transmission of neural signal.The decrease or abnormal distribution of ICCs would lead to gastrointestinal inflammation easily.Meanwhile,as the gastrointestinal inflammation happens,inflammatory cells and mediators also can reduce the number of ICCs.

Airway problems in foetus that may cause airway obstruction can be safely managed by using an ex utero intrapartum technique(EXIT).The EXIT procedure maintains a period of uteroplacental circulation for fetal oxygenation during delivery to provide time to explore and secure the airway of the fetus or to perform fetal operations before the umbilical cord is clamped.The common indication for the EXIT procedure is the presence of foetal airway obstruction,which is usually caused by neck mass,congenital diaphragmatic hernia,congenital high way obstruction syndrome,thoracic abnormality,congenital heart and lung dysfunction,conjoined twins,and so on.It avoids the acute airway obstruction in a neonate that has disastrous consequences.

Essential hypertension is one of the most prevalent and important public health concerns in both westernized and developing countries. Recent studies have demonstrated that successful long-term treatment of hypertension has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and stroke. Chinese classical formulas, which are important components of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), have been increasingly accepted by patients with CVDs worldwide. According to TCM theory and syndrome differentiation, hypertension could be categorized into 3 patterns including fire syndrome, fluid retention syndrome, and deficiency syndrome. Chinese classical formulas, including Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli tang, Tianma Gouteng yin, Zhen Gan Xifeng tang, Banxia Baizhu Tianma tang, Liu Wei Dihuang wan, etc, play an important role in the treatment of essential hypertension, which could be further research priorities.
Aged ; China ; Drug Prescriptions ; history ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; history ; therapeutic use ; Essential Hypertension ; Female ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; history ; Male ; Medicine in Literature ; Middle Aged

Hypertension is a significant medical and public health issue which puts an enormous burden on health care resources and the community. It is a chronic medical condition in which the systemic arterial blood pressure (BP) is elevated. Serious complications including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases would be preventable if the rise in BP with age could be prevented or diminished. The majority of hypertensive patients require long-term treatment. Oral antihypertensive drugs, lifestyle modification including exercise and dietary modification are milestones for hypertension therapy. However, the control rate of hypertension hasn't reached the expected requirements currently. "Three lows" status quo, just low awareness, low treatment, and low control, are still the major problems confronting modern medicine. Recently, uncontrolled factors of blood pressure are widely concerned, which include insomnia, constipation, mood disorders, exogenous, etc. What's more, the control strategies of hypertension should not only pay close attention to "patient's high blood pressure", but also to "hypertensive patient". Therefore, the treatment of uncontrolled factors of blood pressure plays an important role in hypertensive therapy, which could be further research priorities.
Aged ; Antihypertensive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Essential Hypertension ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged