Objective To investigate the different effects of clozapine and risperidone on levels of blood glucose in patients with schizophrenia. Method 200 qualified cases selected from psychiatric department were divided into two groups randomly, of which 100 cases accepted the treatment with clozapine and the other 100 cases with risperidone. Blood glucose tests were used before treatment ,4 weeks after treatment and 8 weeks after treatment Results There was significantly higher blood glucose level in clozapine－ treated group than in risperidone－ treated group after 4 or 8 weeks treatment. The number of cases who had elevated blood glucose level (>6.1 mmol/L) in clozapine－ treated group was significantly more than in risperidone－ treated group. Conclusion The glucoregulatory abnormality which leads to glucose elevation in clozapine－ treated patients is greater than in risperidone－ treated patients. Additional motivation to clinical monitor for antipsychotic treatment－ related hyperglycemia is indicated.

Objective To evaluate the impact of hypertension self-management on self efficacy of community residents.Methods November 2011 to February 2012,twenty-eight medium-sized and better adherence to community was selected from fourteen districts and counties in Beijing.In this community-based randomized controlled trial,323 hypertensive patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group (n =159,receiving hypertension self-management) and the control group (n=164,receiving standard hypertension management).A questionary survey was completed at baseline and 6 weeks.Rank sum test or Chi-square test was used for data analysis.Results The average age of the treatment group or the control group was (61.9 ±9.1) vs (61.8 ±9.0) years old,respectively.No significant difference in mean age,gender and education level was found between the two groups (F =0.164,x2 values were 0.782 and 2.093,respectively ; all P ＞ 0.05).In the treatment group,the scores of fatigue,headache and shortness of breath were declined (when compared with the controlled females,Z =-5.198,-3.873,-2.781 ; P ＜ 0.05).Self-efficacy score of the treatment group was increased after the intervention.Women's symptom management self-efficacy and common disease management self-efficacy were significantly higher (Z=-2.958,-2.582; P ＜ 0.05).In comparison with the control group,before and after self-management,the added scores of communication ability with doctors were increased.But the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Six-week self-management program may improve self efficacy among hypertensive patients.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Shangyangyu gel and establish a standard for its quality.METHODS:Shangyangyu gel was prepared using carbamer 940 as matrix.Its content was identified by spectrophotography,with the wavelength set at 516nm,and its other compositions were determined by TLC.RESULTS:The concentration of L-shikonin had good linear correlation with absorbance in the range of 8.048～ 40.24? g? mL-1(r=0.999 8).The average recovery rate was 99.45%(RSD=1.13%).CONCLUSION:This method for preparation of Shangyangyu gel was simple in technique and the standard can be used for the quality control.

A series of reform on the teaching of medical chemistry has been carried out to improve the quality of instruction,which includes the goal of instruction,the content of course and the teaching method.Good results have been achieved.

Objective To explore the effects of implanting different diameter single hair in treatment of part eyebrow defect.Methods 49 patients with part eyebrow defect,including 37 congenital sparse eyebrows and 12 traumatic eyebrow detect,were performed hair transplantation.Single-hair grafts were harvested from the scalp behind ear or the inferior part of the occiput.Single-hair grafts were implanted according to directions of normal eyebrow.22G or 23G needle was used for stick-andplace insertion.The thick and thin hairs were divided.The thin hairs were implanted into the medial and distal ends and the upper edge,the thick hairs were implanted into the center.Results After 3-10 months follow-up.The reconstructed eyebrows growed slowly,about every 5-7 days needed be trimmed.Two sides eyebrows were symmetry.Because a small amount of transplanted hairs were not alive,twelve patients were performed the second operation for thicker eyebrow.All patients were satisfied with the results.Conclusions In treatment of part eyebrow defect,the results of implanting different diameter single hair are natural and vivid.

The article put across Meta-analysis well by giving its definition and analyzing its development. It empha-sized its effect in the clinical medicine and dwelled on dealing with the problems encountered when meta-analysis wasapplied and the solutions to the problems. It also pointed out its significant role in raising the level of clinical medicine,teaching and scientific research.[

ObjectiveTo avoid the complications such as scar,alopecie,scalp numbness,hematoma etc,resulted from the conventional coronal incision rhytidectomy,and to explore and solve the issues about endoscopic frontal and temporal rhytidectomy.MethodsThrough 3-5 short incisions in hairline,we dissected under frontal periosteum or gales aponeurotica and in superficial layer of deep temporal fascia.The frontal and temporal cavitites were feedthrough at temporal crest.The corrugator supercilii muscle,superciliary depressor muscle,frontal muscle and orbicularis oculi were treated.Sufficient dissection was done under the periosteum of os orbitale.ResultsThis method had been applied in 186 patients with forehead lift.After operation,transient paralysis of facial nerve frontal branch were found in 3 patients.The depression of glabellum and lateral canthus were found in 5 patients.The depressions were corrected by autologous fat injection. Other 178 patients' results were satisfactory.ConclusionsEndoscopic frontal and temporal rhytidectomy has some advantages,such as minute invasion,less hemorrhage,few complications,and stable operation result,etc.Compared to the conventional coronal incision rhytidectomy,this method will be used more widely.

Objective To explore the clinical indication and operative methods for different upper eyelid aging through perieyebrow incision.Methods We collected totally one hundred fifty-two cases in this study,including six males and 146 females,and aged from 26 to 80 years (average 47).There were 29 cases with only ptosis of upper eyelid,and the rest 123 cases were ptosis of upper eyelid with ptosis of eyebrow,sunken upper eyelid,bloated upper eyelid,or over-wide between eyebrow and eye region (compensatory eyebrow elevation).Through the incision of upper or lower margin of eyebrow,we treated these five types of upper eyelid aging by excision of redundant skin,orbicularis oculi muscle,frontal muscle,ROOF,or orbital fat,or ROOF elevation for upper eyelid rejuvenation.Results Patients were followed up for 3 to 120 months,with average 14.4 months.All ptosis of upper eyelid and over-wide between eyebrow and eye region patients were improved obviously.In 36 ptosis of upper eyelid with ptosis of eyebrow,seven of them treated with upper eyebrow margin incision got the best results;and the rest 29 patients treated with lower eyebrow margin incision,fifteen patients were lifted slightly,and the rest fourteen patients got no improvement.All scars of inferior eyebrow margin incision were invisible.Faded and applanate one millimeter wide scars were seen on two patients with superior eyebrow margin incision.In all patients with ptosis of upper eyelid,80％ patients with sunken upper eyelid were improved obviously,and 85 ％ with bloated upper eyelid were improved significantly.Conclusions Upper eyelid aging is divided into five categories.Upper eyelid aging could be corrected by perieyebrow approach.Our methods are simple,safe,fewer complications,and with short convalescence,which is the minimally invasive procedure recommended for Chinese patients with upper eyelid aging.

Objective　To research the procedure of male face-lift. Methods　According to the distribution features of skin and hair in the male face, the flap assigment at the incision point was improved. Results　From 1995 to 2000,25 cases of male facelift were performed, aged from 37 to 68. Postoperative follow-up of 1 to 24 months showed the results were satisfactory. Conclusion　 Male face-lift has satisfactory rejuvenation results by improving the incision design and skin-lifting technique.

Objective To analyze the risk factors impeding early extubation after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) in Chinese patients, so that to identify the applicable patients for "fast track recovery". Methods Clinical data of 680 consecutive patients who had received OPCAB were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to the time of extubation (group Ⅰ,n=333, extubation was performed within 12 h postoperation; group Ⅱ,n=347, extubation failed in 12 h). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine risk factors prolonging mechanical ventilation. Results Univariate analyses showed significant difference between the two groups in the percentages of patients over 70 years [25% (84/333) vs 39% (136/347), ?2=15.148, P=0.000], with history of stroke [14% (46/333) vs 22% (75/347), ?2=7.068, P=0.008], with LVEF70 (OR=2.003), LVEF70, severe coronary artery lesion, emergency operation, and poor cardiac function are risk factors impeding early extubation. "Fast track recovery" protocol is applicable to young patients who have good cardiac function without left main lesion and do not need IABP during perioperative period.