Humans ; Female ; Genes, erbB-2 ; Breast Neoplasms ; Gene Expression ; Adenocarcinoma

Insect larvae and adult insects found on human corpses can provide important forensic evidence however it is useful to be able to prove evidence of association. Without this, it could be claimed that the insect evidence was a contaminant or had been planted on the body. This paper describes how mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and STR analysis of the crop contents of larvae of the blowfly Aldrichina grahami collected from separated body parts was used to provide evidence of association.

Although epigenetic regulation of histone modification has attracted more and more attention, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The present review introduces the role of acetylated H3 lysine 23 (H3K23ac) in glioma tumorigenesis, and demonstrates a new mechanism by which H3K23ac regulates gliomagenesis, which may provide novel approaches to glioma treatment.

Objective: To investigate the effect of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) and its interaction with human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Methods: The participants included 67 women with normal cervix (NC), 69 women with CINⅠ and 68 women with CINⅡ/Ⅲ in a community cohort of pathologically diagnosed women established in Jiexiu of Shanxi province, from June 2014 to June 2015. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the demographic data of the subjects and the related factors of cervical lesions. Cervical exfoliated cells and cervical tissues from biopsy or surgery were selected. The infection status of HPV16 was detected by flow-through hybridization. The protein expression levels of hnRNP K were evaluated by Western blot. SPSS 23.0 software was used to collate and analyze the data. To study the differences in demographic characteristics, related factors, hnRNP K protein and HPV16 infection among NC, CINⅠand CINⅡ/Ⅲgroups, χ(2) test, trend χ(2) test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test were conducted. Multiple comparisons of hnRNP K protein in three groups were completed by using the Bonferroni method. The OR and its 95%CI of hnRNP K, HPV16 and CIN were calculated by using the unconditional logistic regression models. Two-way interactions between hnRNP K protein and HPV16 infection on CIN were analyzed by using additive model and related indicators. Results: HPV16 infection rates were 10.4% in women with normal cervix, 14.5% in women with CINⅠ and 41.2% in women with CINⅡ/Ⅲ, respectively. The differences among three groups were significant (P<0.001). Moreover, the infection rates of HPV16 gradually increased with the increasing severity of CIN (trend χ(2)=18.512, P<0.001). The differences in protein expression of hnRNP K among three groups were significant (H=48.138, P<0.001) and the expressionincreased with the development of cervical lesionss (trend χ(2)=21.765, P<0.001). Results from the interaction analysis indicated that there were additive effects between high expression of hnRNP K protein and HPV16 in CINⅡ/Ⅲ group compared with normal group (API=0.639, 95%CI: 0.083-1.196). In contrast, no such additive effect was found in CINⅠ group. Conclusions: HPV16 infection and over-expression of hnRNP K protein were associated with the increased risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. There might be interaction between hnRNP K protein overexpression and HPV16 infection existed on the progress of CINⅡ/Ⅲ.
Case-Control Studies ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein K/metabolism* ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Humans ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology* ; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/virology*

Objective: To compare the time and spatial distribution of hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS cases and its correlation, in China from 2012 to 2017. Methods: Data on reported hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS cases was gathered from the Direct Reporting System of Infectious Diseases Information Network in China, 2012 to 2017 while annually collected provincial data was based on the date of review and current address. Correlation of the data was analyzed, using both simple correlation and linear regression methods. Results: The number of reported cases of hepatitis C remained stable in China, in 2012-2017, with the number of annual reported cases as 201 622, 203 155, 202 803, 207 897, 206 832 and 214 023, respectively. The number of reported cases on HIV/AIDS showed a steady growing trend, from 82 434, 90 119, 103 501, 115 465, 124 555 to 134 512. However, the numbers of hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS cases were in the same, top six provinces: Henan, Guangdong, Xinjiang, Guangxi, Hunan and Yunnan. Results from the simple correlation analysis indicated that there was a positive correlation (r>0.5, P<0.01) existed between the above-said two kinds of cases at the provincial level in China, in 2012-2017. Again, results from the linear regression analysis also showed that the correlation coefficient r(s) and year was strongly correlated (r=0.966) while r(s) had been linearly increasing with time. Conclusions: Our data showed that there were temporal and spatial correlations existed between the reported cases of hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS at the provincial level, suggesting that relevant prevention and control programs be carried out in areas with serious epidemics. Combination of the two strategies should be encouraged, especially on prevention and treatment measures related to blood transmission.
Age Distribution ; China/epidemiology* ; Epidemics ; HIV ; HIV Infections/ethnology* ; Hepatitis C/ethnology* ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Spatial Analysis ; Spatio-Temporal Analysis ; Young Adult

This paper introduces the application and financing of programs of efficacy material base of traditional Chinese medicine funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC), the Youth Science Fund and the Regional Science Fund from 2016 to 2019, and conducts analysis and summary in terms of research objects and analysis methods, with the aim to provide reference for applicants for programs of efficacy material base of traditional Chinese medicine.
China ; Financial Management ; Foundations ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Natural Science Disciplines

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical manefestation and genetic basis of split hand and foot malformation (SHFM) in a Chinese pedigree.

METHODSThe affected people in the family were checked by X-rays. Eighteen patients provided their peripheral blood, and the genomic DNA of the samples was extracted. The linkage and haplotype analysis were carried out using the microsatellite markers, and the limb malformation related gene Dactylin (DAC) including the coding region, exon-intron boundaries and part of promoter region was sequenced.

RESULTSMost members of the family with the disease phenotype showed absence or hypoplasia of the index finger, and absence or 3-4 syndactyly of the middle finger. The degree of abnormality in feet was severer than that in hands. All phenotypes of the patients display the basic characters of SHFM. Since the maximum two point LOD score of the D10S192 was 3.50 (theta=0.00), the SHFM in this pedigree can be categorized to the SHFM3. The haplotype analysis of recombination events revealed the candidate locus to a 21cM region between D10S185 and D10S1693. No mutation was found by the sequencing result of DAC gene.

CONCLUSIONThrough the analysis of phenotype of the patients, the typical SHFM disease can be confirmed. The linkage and haplotype analysis demonstrated that the 21cM region in 10q23-q26 locus was the major cause to the disease in this pedigree. The mutation of DAC gene can be excluded from cause of SHFM3 phenotype.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; Female ; Foot Deformities, Congenital ; genetics ; Hand Deformities, Congenital ; genetics ; Haplotypes ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Pedigree

INTRODUCTION: In this study, we described paediatric sports injuries seen in the paediatric emergency department of a large, tertiary paediatric hospital in Singapore and evaluated risk factors for severe sports injuries. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of a paediatric trauma surveillance registry from February 2012 to October 2017, including patient demographics, type of sports, circumstances, type of injuries, and clinical management in the hospital. Patients 5 to 17 years old with a sports-related injury were included. We performed logistic regression to identify predictors of severe sports injuries (defined by Injury Severity Score of ≥9), injuries requiring hospitalisation, trauma team activation, resuscitation, or those that resulted in death. RESULTS: Among 10,951 patients analysed, the most common injuries sustained were fractures (4,819, 44.0%), sprains and contusions (3,334, 30.4%). For patients with severe injuries, the median length of hospital stay was 2 days (IQR 1-3 days), and time away from sports was 162 days (IQR 104-182 days). Predictors for severe injuries include transportation by emergency medical service (aOR 6.346, 95% CI 5.147-7.823), involvement in rugby (aOR 2.067, 95% CI 1.446-2.957), neurological injuries (aOR 4.585, 95% CI 2.393-4.365), dislocations (aOR 2.779, 95% CI 1.744-4.427), fractures (aOR 1.438, 95% CI 1.039-1.990), injuries to the head and neck (aOR 2.274, 95% CI 1.184-4.365), and injuries to the abdomen and pelvis (aOR 5.273, 95% CI 3.225-8.623). CONCLUSION Predictors for severe sports injuries identified may aid in risk stratification and resource allocation.

Child ; Humans ; Singapore ; Health Personnel ; Delivery of Health Care

Objective: To understand the dynamic variation of BMI and influencing factors among HIV/AIDS patients receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi). Methods: HIV/AIDS patients receiving HAART for the first time since 1 January 2013 were selected. Data on BMI was analyzed among patients receiving HAART at baseline,6 months and 12 months after treatment. By using the general linear model repeated measures of analysis of variance, BMI dynamic variations and influencing factors were described and analyzed. Results: The average BMI of 2 871 patients at baseline, 6th months and 12th months appeared as (20.65±3.32), (20.87±3.22) and (21.18±3.20), respectively, with differences all statistically significant (F=18.86, P<0.001). BMI were increasing over time with treatments (F=37.25, P<0.001). Main influencing factors were noticed as: age, sex, marital status, baseline data of CD(4)(+)T cells and the WHO classification on clinical stages. Conclusions: Higher proportion of BMI malnutrition counts was seen among patients before receiving HAART in Liuzhou. BMI of the patients that were on HAART seemed being influenced by many factors. It is necessary to select appropriate treatment protocols on different patients so as to improve the nutritional status of the patients.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Body Mass Index ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; China/epidemiology* ; HIV Infections/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Marital Status ; Nutritional Status ; T-Lymphocytes