Objective To explore the influence of adenoid hypertrophy on the state of the middle ear in children.Methods Two hundred and seventy two adenoid hypertrophy patients,aged from 2 to 12 years old,were examined with otoscopy,tympanometry and temporal bone computered tomography before adenoidectomy.The average age of the patients was 6.3 years old.These patients were divided into two groups:Group A contained 94 normal hearing patients(188 ears),Group B 178 patients(356 ears) containing of hearing loss.Results Out of the temporal bone computed tomography (CT) revealed that 209 patients(396 ears) had middle ear effusions in(72.79%,396/544ears),and 37 patients(65/188 ears,34.57%) hydrotympanum in Group A and 172 patients(331/356 ears,92.98%) in Group B.All the 396 ears effusion were confirmed by operation.Three hundred seventy three ears effusion were confirmed by the CT and operation in the two groups,377 ears with B type tympanogram(373/377,98.94%),93.85%(61/65 ears) in Group A,100%(312/312 ears) in Group B,respectively.The positive predictive value for middle ear effusion of the B-type tympanogram was higher in Group B than in Group A(P＜0.01).Fourteen ears with peak pressure ＜-200 daPa revealed hydrotyrnpanum and 23 ears with normal acoustic stapedius reflex revealed no fluid by CT and operation in 73 ears with C-type tympanogram.CT also revealed two patients suffered from large vestibular aqueduct syndrome and one with cochlear malformation in Group B.Conclusion Type B tracing tympanogram has a high positive predictive value for middle ear effusion in adenoid hypertrophy children.Type C tympanogram could not exclude effusion when the peak pressure is＜-200 daPa.CT is the best tool for identifying hydrotympanum.

Vestibular schwannoma is a rare tumor, which is easily misdiagnosed. The authors presented a case of vestibular schwannoma in a 36-year-old woman. The clinical manifestations were recurrent vertigo, hearing loss of the left ear, and tinnitus. The pure tone audiometry threshold of the left ear was 45dBHL with air conduction, and 33 dBHL with bone conduction. A CT scan of the temporal bone region didn't show any abnormal finding. A MRI scan of the head showed nodule abnormal signal in the internal of left vestibular and the narrow of perilymphaticum gap in T2W1 + T2Flair. The initial diagnosis was Meniere's disease. And the post-operation pathologic diagnosis was vestibular schwannoma.
Adult ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Meniere Disease ; diagnosis ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; diagnosis ; Temporal Bone ; Tinnitus ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vertigo ; Vestibule, Labyrinth

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinic significance of the temporal bone high-resolution CT in discovering unilateral sensorineural hearing loss of adolescents, and to provide the basis for the rational using of medical resources. METHOD: A retrospective study was conducted on 28 outpatients with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss at unsure time. Their medical history and CT examine were reevaluated,combined with associated articles in this report. RESULT: All of the 28 patients with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss had the normal external ear and middle ear and received CT scan. Nine out of twenty-eight cases had inner ear malformation. Among the nine cases, 1 cases was Mondini malformation and 1 cases was common cavity, 5 cases were single stenosis of IAC, and 2 cases were semicircular canal and vestibular malformation. 19 cases were not found abnormal by CT, and 4 cases had had suffered from mumps. CONCLUSION CT scan was available in diagnosis of unsudden unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, which would help us to use medical resource more rationally.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the influence of recombinant human parathyroid hormone [rhPTH (1-34)]on the proliferation of HaCaT cells induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in vitro.Methods Cultured HaCaT cells were treated with various concentrations of rhPTH (1-34) for different durations after incubation with recombinant human TNF-α of 10 g/L for 24 hours.MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect the proliferation and cell cycle of HaCaT cells,respectively.Results As contrast phase microscopy showed,the growth of HaCaT cells was inhibited by rhPTH (1-34) along with a decrease in the growth speed.MTT assay showed a suppressed proliferation of HaCaT cells after being treated with rhPTH (1-34) of 0.05,0.2,0.8,3.2 and 12.8 pmol/L for 36 and 48 hours (P＜ 0.01 or 0.05).The percentage of cells at G1 phase in HaCaT cells markedly increased (all P ＜ 0.01 ),while that at S phase declined (all P ＜ 0.01 )after 48-hour treatment with rhPTH(1-34) of 0.2,0.8,3.2 and 12.8 μ mol/L.Conclusions rhPTH(1-34) has an obvious inhibitive effect on the proliferation of HaCaT cells induced by TNF-α in vitro,and the effect is in a dose-dependent manner.

The practice operation is an important method of clinical pediatric teaching during internship.We should fully consider the application occasions and select the most appropriate teaching cases when using this method on the clinical application teaching.The preparation before the intern should be emphasized because it is one of keys for students to learn much in the application.In order to correctly evaluate the effects of practice operation,we must focus on testing the working ability of students and standardizing the examination.

Objective To optimize the concentration of a microRNA-21 (miR-21) inhibitor and a miR-494 mimic for the transfection of A375 human melanoma cells,and to estimate the effect of the miR-21 inbihitor and miR-494 mimic on the proliferation of A375 cells.Methods A miR-21 inbihitor and a miR-494 mimic were designed and constructed.To optimize the concentration of the miR-21 inbihitor and miR-494 mimic for transfection,six concentrations (70-250 nmol/L) of the inbihitor and mimic were transfected into A375 cells separately by using LipofectamineTM2000.Then,quantitative fluorescence-based PCR was performed to determine the expression of miR-21 and miR-494 in A375 cells.Some A375 cells were classified into five groups:Mock blank control group remaining untransfected,miR-21 inhibitor group transfected with the miR-21 inhibitor,miR-21 control group transfected with the miR-21 inhibitor negative control,miR-494 mimic group transfected with the miR-494 mimic,and miR-494 control group transfected with the miR-494 mimic negative control.Mter another 48-hour culture,the cells were collected for the analysis of cell apoptosis and cycle by using flow cytometry.Meanwhile,Cy5-labelled miR-494 mimic negative control was transfected into A375 cells for the evaluation of the transfection efficiency by using an inverted fluorescence microscope.Results miRNAs were successfully extracted from A375 cells.As quantitative PCR revealed,the A375 cells transfected with the miR-21 inhibitor at 120 nmol/L showed the lowest expression level (2-△△Ct) of miR-21 (average:0.80; range:0.65-0.92),and those transfected with the miR494 mimic at 250 nmol/L displayed the highest expression level of miR-494 (average:126.82; range:111.52-144.22).The transfection efficiency in A375 cells was higher than 90％.Compared with the corresponding negative control groups,the miR-21 inhibitor group and miR-494 mimic group showed increased apoptosis rate ((27.74 ± 1.39)％ vs.(12.93 ± 0.65)％,(34.30 ± 2.35)％ vs.(15.54 ± 1.02)％,both P ＜ 0.01),percentage of G1-phase cells ((61.61 ± 3.25)％ vs.(50.34 ± 5.62)％,(61.05 ± 3.17)％ vs.(49.95 ± 2.58)％,both P＜ 0.05),but decreased proliferation index ((38.39 ± 3.25)％ vs.(49.66 ± 5.62) ％,(38.95 ± 3.17)％ vs.(50.05 ± 2.58)％,both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Both the miR-21 inhibitor and miR-494 mimic can promote the G1-phase arrest and apoptosis in A375 cells,and miR-21 may act as a protooncogene accelerating the proliferation of A375 cells,while miR-494 may founction as a tumor suppressor inhibiting the proliferation of A375 cells.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Xingnaojing injection combined with naloxone in the treatment of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.Methods 62 patients with hypoxia ischemia encephalopathy were randomly assigned into the control group(31 cases)and the treatment group(31 cases).The control group used naloxone treatment on the basis of the conventional treatment.The treatment group received Xingnaojing injection combined with naloxone treatment on the basis of routine treatment.The changes in different time of Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) scores of the two groups after treatment were compared.Results After treatment for 1 ,5,1 0,1 5d,the GCS scores in the control group were (5.27 ±0.87)points,(9.03 ±0.72)points,(1 0.03 ±0.72)points,(1 3.03 ±0.72)points respectively,which in the treatment group were (5.1 4 ±1 .03)points,(9.24 ±1 .06)points,(1 3.31 ±2.83)points, (15.31 ±0.93)points.The differences of GCS scores after treatment for 15,10d between the two groups were statistically significant(t =1 5.1 1 3,1 0.501 ,P =0.00,0.00).In the control group,the total effective rate was 50.0%,which of the treatment group was 82.7%,the total effective rate between the two groups had statistically significant difference (χ2 =6.437,P <0.05).Conclusion On the basis of routine treatment,Xingnaojing injection combined with naloxone in the treatment of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy has better effect than the single use of naloxone treatment.

Objective To determine the frequency of Th22 cells and expression of their related cytokines in peripheral blood of patients with alopecia areata(AA), to investigate their significance, and to explore the role of T lymphocytes in the occurrence of AA. Methods A total of 38 patients with AA were enrolled from Central Hospital of Minhang District in Shanghai between January 2015 and May 2016, and served as the case group. At the same time, 38 healthy people served as the control group. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from these patients and controls. Flow cytometry was performed to determine the percentage of Th22 cells, and enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)to measure serum levels of interleukin?22(IL?22)and IL?17. Results Compared with the control group, the case group showed significantly increased percentages of Th22 cells, Th17 cells, IL?17+IL?22+CD4+T cells and IFN?γ+IL?22+CD4+ T cells(all P < 0.01), as well as serum levels of IL?22 and IL?17(both P < 0.05). A significant increase was observed in percentages of Th22 cells, Th17 cells, IL?17+IL?22+CD4+T cells and IFN?γ+IL?22+CD4+T cells, as well as serum levels of IL?22 and IL?17, in patients with severe AA compared with those with mild AA, and in patients with active AA compared with those with stable AA (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Th22 cells and their related cytokines may participate in the occurrence, development and prognosis of AA.

Objective To investigate the relationship between disease severity and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) index values of anti-desmoglein (Dsg) 1 and-Dsg3 antibodies in 56 patients with pemphigus,and to characterize fluctuations in anti-Dsg1 and-Dsg3 antibodies in different forms of pemphigus.Methods Fifty-six patients with pemphigus (including 36 cases of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and 20 cases of pemphigus foliaceus (PF)) were enrolled in this study.Blood samples were obtained from these patients before treatment and at the following four time points:when the condition was relieved and the taper of glucocorticoids began,the dose of glucocorticoids was tapered to half of their initial dose,the maintenance treatment started,and when the duration of maintenance treatment reached two years.ELISA was performed to determine the levels of anti-Dsg1 and-Dsg3 antibodies in these serum samples.Spearman correlation analysis was carried out to assess the relationship between disease severity and ELISA index values,and independent sample's t test to compare the levels of anti-Dsg antibodies among these time points.Results The severity of pemphigus was correlated with anti-Dsg antibody ELISA index values.Both anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 ELISA index values were significantly reduced at the remission of pemphigus compared with those before treatment (all P ＜ 0.01).At the end of the two-year maintenance treatment,10 (50％) patients with PF and 7 (19.4％) patients with PV became negative for anti-Dsg1 ELISA,whereas only 1 (2.7％) patient with PV became negative for anti-Dsg3 ELISA.Conclusions Anti-Dsg antibody ELISA index value is correlated with disease severity in patients with pemphigus,which may serve as a useful marker for assessing disease severity and activity as well as evaluating therapeutic efficacy.

Objective:To study the effects of ICA on HepG2.2.15 cell proliferation, their sensitivity to the lysis by CD3AK effector cell, to investigate the reversal action of ICA on hepatocarcinoma cells from immune escape through Fas/FasL pathway.To provide the theoretical and experimental bases for ICA development.Methods:MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation and CD3AK cells cytotoxicity activity;flow cytometry assay was used to examine expression of surface molecules and apoptosis rate of HepG2.2.15 cells.Results:When HepG2.2.15 cells line was treated with 50 ?g/ml ICA,a significant reduction of the rate of cell proliferation was observed. Inhibition rate at 48h was 22.04%,and 29.68% at 72h.Kinetic study showed that inhibition of cell proliferation was time dependent (P0.05).ICA could inhibit apoptosis of Jurkat cells induced by HepG2.2.15 cells. In the co-culture system of HepG2.2.15 cell and Jurkat T cell, apoptosis ratio of Jurkat cell was reduced from 46.66% to 18.20% by ICA (P