Objective To investigate the surgical methods and clinical effects of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with severe valgus knee deformity.Methods From January 2007 to December 2012,22 patients with 23 severe valgus knee deformity underwent TKA by means of medial parapatellar approach,standard osteotomy and only lateral soft tissue release with posterior stabilized implants were retrospectively analyzed.They were 7 males and 15 females,aged from 41 to 78 years,with an average age of 65 years.Tibiofemoral angle (angle between the femur and tibia anatomic axis) was 22°-50°,with an average of 34.6±2.4°.Among them,17 cases were osteoarthritis,5 cases were rheumatoid arthritis,3 cases complicated with patella dislocations,1 case complicated with medial instability,3 cases of 4 knees complicated with flexion contracture.Posterior stabilized prosthesis were used in 21 cases of 22 knees,constrained prosthesis were used in 1 case of 1 knee,5 cases accepted intraoperative patellar replacement.Clinical and radiographic evaluations including range of motion (ROM),the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS)knee score and the tibial and femur angle (T-F angle) were performed at follow-up.Results The duration of follow-up averaged 30.5 months.The average HSS score improved from 19.6±4.7 points preoperatively to 89.7±3.6 points at the time of the last follow up.The average ROM improved from 43.7°-±5.8° preoperatively to 110.6°±7.5°.The average T-F angle was 8.6°±0.8°.We had 5 patella replacements,2 medial instability cured by using articular branches,2 palsies of nervus peroneus communis recovering after 3 months.No complications such as infection,DVT,or component loosening.Conclusion The techniques of medial parapatellar approach,standard osteotomy and only lateral soft tissue release with posterior stabilized implants can deal with a severe valgus knee deformity very successfully in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty,and provide excellent results.

Objective:To investigate the gender differences in serum C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), platelet (PLT), fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer for the diagnosis of chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).Methods:A total of 470 patients who underwent revision arthroplasty in the Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2013 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to gender and diagnosis, they were divided into four groups: 78 cases of male chronic PJI, 108 cases of male aseptic loosening, 95 cases of female chronic PJI, and 189 cases of female aseptic loosening. The serological results of CRP, ESR, PLT, FIB and D-dimer were collected before operation. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were used to determine the optimal cut-off values of CRP, ESR, PLT, FIB and D-dimer for the diagnosis of chronic PJI in different genders, and to calculate their sensitivity and specificity. The diagnostic efficacy of the index was analyzed by comparing the area under curve (AUC) of different indicators.Results:The levels of ESR, PLT and D-dimer in the male chronic PJI group were 43 (20.0, 52.5) mm/1 h, 249×10 9 (204×10 9, 306×10 9) /L, 449 (219,833) μg/L, respectively, which were lower than those in the female group of 56 (40, 65) mm/1 h, 295×10 9 (228×10 9, 364×10 9) /L, and 645 (345, 1 157) μg/L, with statistically significant differences ( Z=-4.17, P<0.001; Z=-2.17, P=0.030; Z=-2.82, P=0.005). The AUC of CRP in the male chronic PJI group was 0.841, which was higher than the AUC of the other four indicators; CRP was combined with ESR, PLT, FIB and D-dimer to establish a joint prediction model for male chronic PJI. The ROC curve showed that the combination of CRP+FIB had a maximum AUC [0.849, 95% CI (0.79, 0.91)], sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 86%. The AUC of CRP in the female chronic PJI group was 0.866, which was higher than the AUC of the other four indices; CRP was combined with ESR, PLT, FIB and D-dimer to establish a combined prediction model for female chronic PJI. The ROC curve showed that the combination of CRP+PLT had the maximum AUC [0.883, 95% CI (0.84, 0.93)], sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 79%. Conclusion:Serologic indicators in patients with chronic PJI are gender-specific. CRP combined with FIB has the highest diagnostic value for the chronic PJI in males, while CRP combined with PLT has the highest diagnostic value for the chronic PJI in females.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of plasma fibrinogen (FIB) in chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).Methods:A total of 470 patients who underwent revision hip and knee arthroplasty after primary hip and knee arthroplasty in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2013 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the diagnosis of the disease, 173 patients (112 hips and 61 knees) were divided into chronic PJI group, including 78 males and 96 females, aged 65 (53, 72) years; and 297 patients (216 hips and 81 knees) were divided into aseptic loosening group, including 108 males and 189 females, aged 63 (50, 72) years. The preoperative levels of FIB, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), D-dimer and platelet were compared between the two groups, and the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of chronic PJI were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the optimal cut-off values of FIB, CRP, ESR, platelet and D-dimer for the diagnosis of chronic PJI. The diagnostic efficacy of each indicator was analyzed by comparing the area under curve (AUC) and using a combined diagnostic test.Results:FIB, CRP, ESR, platelets and D-dimer in the chronic PJI group were 4.05 (3.52, 4.72) g/L, 19.5 (10.7, 40.0) mg/L, 50 (28, 60) mm/1 h, 270 (221, 351)×10 9 /L, 514 (261, 873) μg/L, respectively, which were higher than 3.25 (2.80, 3.63) g/L, 3.7 (2.0, 6.7) mg/L, 20 (12, 30) mm/1 h, 225 (182, 269)×10 9 /L, and 310 (167, 569) μg/L in sterile loosening group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). The AUC of FIB, CRP, ESR, platelets and D-dimer in the diagnosis of chronic PJI were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.82), 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.89), 0.80 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.85), 0.68 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.73), 0.64 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.69); the optimal cut-off values were 3.73 g/L, 9.64 mg/L, 39 mm/1 h, 280×10 9 /L, 624 μg/L; the sensitivity was 68%, 79%, 69%, 47%, 43%; the specificity was 81%, 85%, 85%, 81%, 79%, respectively. When CRP, ESR, FIB, platelets and D-dimer were combined sequentially to diagnose patients with chronic PJI, the sensitivity and specificity of the series test were 12.7% and 99.7%, and those of the parallel test were 100% and 37.3%. The combined diagnostic test showed that the maximum AUC of FIB combined with CRP was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.89), with a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 89%. Conclusion:The clinical value of plasma FIB in the diagnosis of chronic PJI is not superior to that of CRP and ESR, but the combination of FIB and CRP can improve the specificity.

Objective:To investigate the diagnose value of D-dimer for chronic periprosthetic infection (PJI) after hip and knee arthroplasty.Methods:A retrospective analyze was conducted on 168 patients underwent revision arthroplasty and primary arthroplasty at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from November 2017 to December 2018.There were 58 males and 110 females, aged(58.6±14.5)years.There were 48 cases of chronic PJI (21 cases of knee joint, 27 cases of hip joint), 57 cases of aseptic loosening (16 cases of knee joint, 41 cases of hip joint), and 63 cases of normal follow-up patients after hip (35 cases) or knee (28 cases) arthroplasty.The levels of D-dimer, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were collected.The levels of D-dimer in patients with chronic PJI of hip and knee joints were compared by Mann-Whitney U test.The diagnostic efficacy of D-dimer, ESR and CRP in chronic PJI of hip and knee joints was analyzed by receiver operator curve (ROC). Results:The D-dimer level was significantly higher in knee chronic PJI patients than hip chronic PJI patients( M ( QR) ) (1 040 (1 140.5) μg/L vs.435 (605) μg/L, Z=3.169, P=0.002) . ROC analysis showed that the optimum cutoff value of D-dimer in the diagnosis of chronic PJI was 370.5 μg/L, the sensitivity was 90.5%, the specificity was 84.1%; the optimum cutoff value of CRP was 9.3 mg/L, the sensitivity was 95.2%, the specificity was 90.9%, the optimum cutoff value of ESR was 33 mm/h, the sensitivity was 90.5%, and the specificity was 88.6%.The optimum cutoff value of D-dimer in the diagnosis of chronic PJI of hip joint is 294 μg/L, the sensitivity of diagnosis is 66.7%, the specificity is 77.6%; the optimum cutoff value of ESR is 45 mm/h, the sensitivity of diagnosis is 55.6% , the specificity is 97.4%; the optimum cutoff value of CRP is 8.1 mg/L, the sensitivity of diagnosis is 74.1%, the specificity is 84.2%. Conclusion:The value of D-dimer in the diagnosis of chronic PJI of knee joint is higher than that of hip joint, but the value of D-dimer in the diagnosis of chronic PJI is not better than ESR and CRP.

Objective:To investigate the clinical outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) combined with the modified “overlap” technique in the treatment of end-stage knee osteoarthritis with fixed patellar dislocation.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. Clinical data of 19 patients (22 knees) who underwent TKA combined with the modified “overlap” technique for the treatment of end-stage knee osteoarthritis with permanent patellar dislocation from January 2011 to January 2022 in the Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. The cohort included 5 males (6 knees) and 14 females (16 knees), with an age of (60.6±12.2) years (range:33 to 77 years) and a body mass index of (25.4±4.1) kg/m2 (range:20.0 to 33.0 kg/m2). Among them, 11 cases (12 knee) had valgus deformity, with Keblish classification showing mild in 2 cases (2 knees), moderate in 6 cases (6 knees), and severe in 4 cases (4 knees). All cases were treated using a medial parapatellar approach, with lateral retinaculum release combined with the “overlap” technique to restore the patellar trajectory. Knee function was evaluated using the American Knee Society (KSS) Score. Paired sample t tests were used for intergroup comparisons. Results:All patients successfully completed the surgery. Postoperatively, patellar dislocation, knee valgus deformity, flexion contracture deformity, and extensor lag were all corrected. All patients were followed up, with a follow-up duration of (63.8±35.2) months (range:24 to 136 months). One patient experienced periprosthetic infection 2 weeks postoperatively, 1 patient had recurrent patellar dislocation 2 months postoperatively, 1 patient developed knee stiffness 3 months postoperatively and underwent closed manipulation. No other patients exhibited signs of patellar dislocation or subluxation. At the last follow-up, the KSS clinical score improved from (36.4±12.7) points preoperatively to (83.4±6.3) points postoperatively ( t=-15.15, P<0.01), and the KSS functional score improved from (30.7±11.1) points preoperatively to (77.6±8.3) points postoperatively ( t=-14.37, P<0.01). The range of motion of the knee increased from 81.7°±19.6° preoperatively to 107.6°±12.5° postoperatively ( t=-4.85, P<0.01). Conclusion:TKA combined with the modified “overlap” technique is an effective surgical option for the treatment of end-stage knee osteoarthritis with permanent patellar dislocation, demonstrating satisfactory clinical outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the diagnose value of D-dimer for chronic periprosthetic infection (PJI) after hip and knee arthroplasty.Methods:A retrospective analyze was conducted on 168 patients underwent revision arthroplasty and primary arthroplasty at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from November 2017 to December 2018.There were 58 males and 110 females, aged(58.6±14.5)years.There were 48 cases of chronic PJI (21 cases of knee joint, 27 cases of hip joint), 57 cases of aseptic loosening (16 cases of knee joint, 41 cases of hip joint), and 63 cases of normal follow-up patients after hip (35 cases) or knee (28 cases) arthroplasty.The levels of D-dimer, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were collected.The levels of D-dimer in patients with chronic PJI of hip and knee joints were compared by Mann-Whitney U test.The diagnostic efficacy of D-dimer, ESR and CRP in chronic PJI of hip and knee joints was analyzed by receiver operator curve (ROC). Results:The D-dimer level was significantly higher in knee chronic PJI patients than hip chronic PJI patients( M ( QR) ) (1 040 (1 140.5) μg/L vs.435 (605) μg/L, Z=3.169, P=0.002) . ROC analysis showed that the optimum cutoff value of D-dimer in the diagnosis of chronic PJI was 370.5 μg/L, the sensitivity was 90.5%, the specificity was 84.1%; the optimum cutoff value of CRP was 9.3 mg/L, the sensitivity was 95.2%, the specificity was 90.9%, the optimum cutoff value of ESR was 33 mm/h, the sensitivity was 90.5%, and the specificity was 88.6%.The optimum cutoff value of D-dimer in the diagnosis of chronic PJI of hip joint is 294 μg/L, the sensitivity of diagnosis is 66.7%, the specificity is 77.6%; the optimum cutoff value of ESR is 45 mm/h, the sensitivity of diagnosis is 55.6% , the specificity is 97.4%; the optimum cutoff value of CRP is 8.1 mg/L, the sensitivity of diagnosis is 74.1%, the specificity is 84.2%. Conclusion:The value of D-dimer in the diagnosis of chronic PJI of knee joint is higher than that of hip joint, but the value of D-dimer in the diagnosis of chronic PJI is not better than ESR and CRP.

Objective:To investigate the clinical outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) combined with the modified “overlap” technique in the treatment of end-stage knee osteoarthritis with fixed patellar dislocation.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. Clinical data of 19 patients (22 knees) who underwent TKA combined with the modified “overlap” technique for the treatment of end-stage knee osteoarthritis with permanent patellar dislocation from January 2011 to January 2022 in the Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. The cohort included 5 males (6 knees) and 14 females (16 knees), with an age of (60.6±12.2) years (range:33 to 77 years) and a body mass index of (25.4±4.1) kg/m2 (range:20.0 to 33.0 kg/m2). Among them, 11 cases (12 knee) had valgus deformity, with Keblish classification showing mild in 2 cases (2 knees), moderate in 6 cases (6 knees), and severe in 4 cases (4 knees). All cases were treated using a medial parapatellar approach, with lateral retinaculum release combined with the “overlap” technique to restore the patellar trajectory. Knee function was evaluated using the American Knee Society (KSS) Score. Paired sample t tests were used for intergroup comparisons. Results:All patients successfully completed the surgery. Postoperatively, patellar dislocation, knee valgus deformity, flexion contracture deformity, and extensor lag were all corrected. All patients were followed up, with a follow-up duration of (63.8±35.2) months (range:24 to 136 months). One patient experienced periprosthetic infection 2 weeks postoperatively, 1 patient had recurrent patellar dislocation 2 months postoperatively, 1 patient developed knee stiffness 3 months postoperatively and underwent closed manipulation. No other patients exhibited signs of patellar dislocation or subluxation. At the last follow-up, the KSS clinical score improved from (36.4±12.7) points preoperatively to (83.4±6.3) points postoperatively ( t=-15.15, P<0.01), and the KSS functional score improved from (30.7±11.1) points preoperatively to (77.6±8.3) points postoperatively ( t=-14.37, P<0.01). The range of motion of the knee increased from 81.7°±19.6° preoperatively to 107.6°±12.5° postoperatively ( t=-4.85, P<0.01). Conclusion:TKA combined with the modified “overlap” technique is an effective surgical option for the treatment of end-stage knee osteoarthritis with permanent patellar dislocation, demonstrating satisfactory clinical outcomes.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of one-stage revision combined with intra-articular infusion of vancomycin in the treatment of chronic prosthetic joint infection (PJI) caused by Enterococcal. Methods: From May 2013 to June 2020,the clinical data of 9 patients (2 males and 7 females) with chronic Enterococcal PJI treated with one-stage revision using intra-articular infusion of vancomycin at Department of Orthopaedics,First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were retrospectively analyzed,including 8 hips and 1 knee.A total of 9 patients with age of (63.9±11.7)years (range:43 to 76 years) were included, and the body mass index was (23.6±4.3)kg/m² (range:18 to 30 kg/m²).There were 6 cases with antibiotic history and 5 cases with sinus tract.The joint fluid,infected tissue around the prosthesis and ultrasonic shock fluid of the prosthesis were collected during operation for microbial culture identification and drug sensitivity test.After thorough debridement of the infected site and removal of the infected prosthesis,a new prosthesis was implanted,then the drainage tube in the operation area was placed.After surgery,vancomycin(1.0 g,q12 h) was combined with intra-articular vancomycin(0.5 g,qd) in monomicrobial PJI,and vancomycin(1.0 g,q12 h) was combined with intra-articular vancomycin (0.5 g,qd) and imipenem/meropenem (0.5 g,qd),and the interval between the two drugs was 12 hours in polymicrobial PJI.Hip and knee functions were evaluated by Harris Hip Score or Knee Society Score(KSS),respectively.The comparison of hip function scores before and after operation was performed by paired t-test. Results: All patients were followed up for (60±39)months(range:24 to 110 months).Two cases were infected with Enterococcus faecium and 7 cases were infected with Enterococcus faecalis.There were 7 cases of monomicrobial infection and 2 cases of polymicrobial infection.Erythromycin(5/9),tetracycline(4/9),ciprofloxacin and β-lactam antibiotics(3/9) were the top three antibiotics in Enterococci resistance rate.The sensitive antibiotics for Enterococcal were vancomycin,linezolid and tigecycline.The average duration of intravenous antibiotics was (14±1)days (range:13 to 17 days),and the average duration of antibiotics in articular cavity was (15±2)days(range:11 to 20 days).Mean duration of oral antibiotic use after discharge was (2±1)months(range:1 to 3 months).One case of polymicrobial PJI treatment failed,with a failure rate of 1/9.At last follow-up,the Harris score of patients with hip PJI increased from (43±6)points to (84±6)points(t=-11.899, P<0.01). KSS score of knee function was improved from 33 point pre-operatively to 85 point post-operatively;overall function score was improved from 35 point pre-operatively to 80 point post-operatively.During the treatment,no formation of sinus tract of the hip joint caused by a catheter,skin necrosis at the knee puncture site or leakage of joint fluid;no complications such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism occurred. Conclusions: One-stage revision combined with intra-articular infusion of vancomycin can achieve acceptable infection control rate and joint function in patients with chronic Enterococcus PJI.However,the treatment of polymicrobial PJI still needs to be further verified.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Vancomycin/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Enterococcus ; Prostheses and Implants ; Inflammation