Objective To investigate the efficacy of microwave ablation for big liver cancer by using laparoscopy.MethodsFrom August 2000 to October 2006,28 patients with large big liver cancer(over 5 cm in diameter)was treated by microwave ablation under the guidance of a laparoscope.On each tumor nodule,3 to 5 electrode insertions was applied.And for each lesion,the treatment was performed for 1 to 3 times.Results The complete ablation rate of this series was 78.6%(22/28),and the rate of local recurrence was 35.7%(10/28).1-,3-,and 5-year survival rates were 75.0%(21/28),57.1%(12/21),and 36.4%(4/11),respectively.Conclusions Laparoscopic microwave ablation is safe and effective for liver cancer.The procedure can increased the efficacy of the microwave by enlarging the extent of the ablation.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on kidney function induced by extremity ischemia-reperfusion in diabetic patients. Methods Sixty diabetic patients of (32 males and 28 females) with ASA physical statusⅡorⅢ, aged 40-64 years, weighing 50-75 kg, were randomly divided into control group and dexmedetomidine group, with 30 patients in each group. All patients were treated by combined spinal epidural anesthesia with the same dose of local anesthetic (0.5% bupivacaine 3 ml) and the same pressure (300 mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) of tourniquet. In dexmedetomidine group, dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg was infused intravenously for 10 min, followed by continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine at 0.5 μg/(kg·h) until the end of the surgery, while in control group the equal volume of normal saline was given instead. The changes of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and mean heart rate (HR) in each group were recorded at immediately before induction of anesthesia (T0), 5 min after the tourniquet inflated (T1), immediately after tourniquet release(T2), and 5 min after tourniquet release (T3). At T0, T2, 24 h and 72 h after operation(T4, T5), blood samples were collected from the vein for determination of the levels of serum creatinine, blood ureanitrogen, serum cystatin C and 24 h urinary microalbuminuria. Results In control group, the level of MAP at T1was higher than that at T0:(107 ± 11) mmHg vs. (84 ± 8) mmHg, and there was significant difference (P＜0.05). At T1, T2, and T3, the level of MAP in dexmedetomidine group was lower than that in control group at the same time:(86 ± 8) mmHg vs.( 107 ± 11) mmHg , (69 ± 5) mmHg vs. (74 ± 6) mmHg , (73 ± 6) mmHg vs. (79 ± 7) mmHg, and there was significant difference (P＜0.01). In dexmedetomidine group, the level of heart rate at T1, T2, and T3was lower than that at T0: (57.1 ± 5.2), (59.4 ± 6.1), (60.8 ± 5.8) beats/min vs. (72.8 ± 4.6) beats/min, and there was significant difference (P＜0.05). At T1, T2, and T3, the level of heart rate in dexmedetomidine group was lower than that in control group: (57.1 ± 5.2) beats/min vs. (79.7 ± 7.3) beats/min, (59.4 ± 6.1) beats/min vs. (84.6 ± 9.7) beats/min, (60.8 ± 5.8) beats/min vs. (81.2 ± 8.4) beats/min, and there was significant difference (P＜0.01). At T0, T2, T4, and T5, the levels of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen in two groups had no significant differences (P＞0.05). At T4, and T5, the levels of serum cystatin C and 24 h urinary microalbuminuria in two groups were significantly higher than those at T0(P＜0.05), the levels of serum cystatin C and 24 h urinary microalbuminuria in control group were higher than those in dexmedetomidine group: serum cystatin C:(1.17 ± 0.21) mg/L vs. (0.87 ± 0.13) mg/L, (1.09 ± 0.27) mg/L vs.(0.84 ± 0.08) mg/L;24 h urinary microalbuminuria: (56 ± 19) mg/24 h vs.(27 ± 16) mg/24 h , (54 ± 21) mg/24 h vs. (26 ± 14) mg/24 h, and there were significant differences (P＜0.01). Conclusions Dexmedetomidine can attenuate kidney function induced by in extremity ischemia-reperfusion in diabetic patients.