A simple, rapid, and high-throughput method for detection and identification of Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, Brugia pahangi, and Dirofilaria immitis in mosquito vectors and blood samples was developed using a real-time PCR combined with high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis. Amplicons of the 4 filarial species were generated from 5S rRNA and spliced leader sequences by the real-time PCR and their melting temperatures were determined by the HRM method. Melting of amplicons from W. bancrofti, B. malayi, D. immitis, and B. pahangi peaked at 81.5+/-0.2degrees C, 79.0+/-0.3degrees C, 76.8+/-0.1degrees C, and 79.9+/-0.1degrees C, respectively. This assay is relatively cheap since it does not require synthesis of hybridization probes. Its sensitivity and specificity were 100%. It is a rapid and technically simple approach, and an important tool for population surveys as well as molecular xenomonitoring of parasites in vectors.
Animals ; Blood/*parasitology ; Brugia/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Cats ; Culicidae/*parasitology ; Dirofilaria immitis/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Dogs ; Humans ; Male ; Parasitology/*methods ; RNA, Helminth/genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 5S/genetics ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/*methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Transition Temperature ; Wuchereria bancrofti/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification