Objective To evaluate the incidence and influencing factors for post-operative healthcare-associated in-fection(HAI)in Uyghur patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery in a hospital.Methods Clinical data of Uyghur patients hospitalized in the department of cardiothoracic surgery in a hospital of Kashgar region between June 2010 and June 2014 were collected,incidence of post-operative HAI was surveyed.Influencing factors for post-operative HAI were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.Results A total of 779 patients’clini-cal data were collected,53 patients (6.80%)developed post-operative HAI.The major infection sites were lower respiratory tract (2.44%),digestive tract(1 .28%),urinary tract(1 .16%),upper respiratory tract(1 .03%),and surgical sites(0.51 %).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that history of diabetes,body mass index (BMI)≥30 kg/m2 ,duration of operation ≥ 160 minutes,and invasive procedure were risk factors for post-opera-tive HAI in Uyghur patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery.Conclusion Incidence of post-operative HAI in Uy-ghur patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery in this hospital is high,risk factors for HAI are history of diabetes, high BMI,long duration of operation,and invasive procedure.