OBJECTIVE: To validate the method for microbial limit test of Niuhuang jiedu tablet.METHODS: The recovery rates of 5 kinds of test organisms including E.coli treated by Niuhuang jiedu tablets were determined by routine method,culture medium dilution method,centrifugation and membrane-filter method,respectively.RESULTS: The centrifugation and membrane-filter method was suitable for determination of the bacterial number of Niuhuang jiedu tablets,while routine method was applicable for determination of bacterial numbers of mold and yeast and test of control bacteria in the microbial limit test.CONCLUSION: The contaminated bacteria in Niuhuang jiedu tablet can be detected accurately by the method established in this study.

Objective In order to provide a large quantity of retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE cells) in vitro, we want to estab-lish method for culturing pig RPE cells. Methods RPE cells were separated with trypsin and cultured in vitro. The cells were identified by immunohistochemical staining with anti-human keratin and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results Cultured RPE cells gradually presented transparent and fusiform shape. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that the cells were stained by anti-human keratin, and the cultured cells showed typical ultrastructure of RPE cells. Conclusion The cultured cells may be the foundation of pig RPE cells.

Objective To explore the effect of the severity of coronary artery on left ventricular diastolic function in patients with unstable angina (UA).Methods One hundred and seventy-two patients with UA consecutively from December 2010 to August 2011 were enrolled.All patients underwent coronary angiography (CAG) and echocardiography.The patients were divided into four groups according to left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography:Thirty-eight subjects with normal(Non-HFNEF),45 subjects with mild dysfunction (Grade Ⅰ),57 subjects with moderate dysfunction(Grade Ⅱ) and 32 subjects with severe dysfunction grade (Grade Ⅲ).The effect of the severity of coronary artery on the left ventricular diastolic function was analyzed.Results There were significant difference on left atrial dimension (3.24 ± 0.50) nn vs (3.40 ±0.41) mmvs (3.56±0.44) mm vs (3.78 ±0.36) mm (F=21.454,P＜0.001),left ventricular posterior wall (0.84 ±0.11) mm vs (0.90 ±0.12) mm vs (0.92 ±0.09) ram vs (0.94 ±0.15) mm (F =10.743,P ＜ 0.001) and left ventricular mass index (105.63 ± 33.13) g/m2 vs (113.09 ± 21.55) g/m2 vs (122.26 ±41.52) g/m2 vs (132.96 ± 31.06) g/m2(F =9.746,P ＜ 0.001) among the four groups.Diastolic function was significantly correlated with the severity of coronary artery(r =0.466,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion In the patients with UA,left ventricular diastolic function was significantly influenced by the extent of coronary artery stenosis.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the application effects of PDCA cycle management in the outpatient prescription intervention.METHODS:A total of outpatient prescriptions (pre-intervention group) during Jan.-Dec.2014 and 918 659 (intervention group) were selected during Jan.-Dec.2015 were selected from a hospital.Irrational 9utpatient prescriptions were analyzed before and after the application of PDCA cycle management,and the improvement of main indexes were compared such as unsuitable usage and dosage,incomplete clinical diagnosis writing,no physicians' signature on the prescription or inconsistent with sample.RE SULTS:Before intervention,there were 2 347 irrational prescriptions,including 1 401 nonstandard prescriptions,849 unsuitable prescriptions and 97 abnormal prescriptions.After intervention,there were 1 161 irrational prescriptions,including 695 nonstandard prescriptions,425 unsuitable prescription and 41 abnormal prescriptions,decreasing 50.53％,50.39％ 49.94％ and 57.73％,respectively.The proportion of unsuitable usage and dosage,incomplete clinical diagnosis writing,no physicians' signature on the prescription or inconsistent with sample,nonstandard prescription paper,unsuitable indications,no signature and date for prescription revision or no reason and new signature for overdose use,outpatient prescriptions more than 7 d common dose or emergency prescriptions more than 3 d common dose without special situation in total amount of outpatient prescriptions decreased from 0.72‰,0.57‰,0.45‰,0.27‰,0.20‰,0.19‰ and 0.15‰ before intervention to 0.32‰,0.25‰,0.19‰,0.11‰,0.09‰,0.08‰ and 0.07‰ after intervention.CONCLUSIONS:PDCA cycle management significantly improves the quality of outpatient prescriptions.There still are irrational outpatient prescriptions in this hospital,and it is to be intervened continuously.

Objective To establish the quality standards for Shufeng Zhike Extract;To improve the controll ability of the extract and ensure medicine efficacy. Methods To establish a HPLC method for simultaneous differentiation of Paeoniae Radix Alba, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizomaet Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Belamcandae Rhizoma and Bupleurum in Shufeng Zhike Extract. Phenomenex Kintex C18 column (4.6 mm×100 mm, 2.6 μm) was used. Acetonitrile-0.05%phosphoric acid was as the mobile phase in gradient elution (0–25 min, 10%acetonitrile; 25–26 min, 10%→14% acetonitrile; 26–35 min, 14% acetonitrile; 35–36 min, 14%→34% acetonitrile;36–55 min, 34%acetonitrile) at flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, and column temperature was 40 ℃. The detection wavelength was 250 nm. To establish a HPLC method for simultaneous determination of Paeoniflorin and Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin in Shufeng Zhike Extract, Phenomenex Luna C18 column (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm) was used; acetonitrile-0.05%phosphoric acid (12:88) was as the mobile phase at flow rate of 1 mL/min; column temperature was 40 ℃; the detection wavelength was 250 nm. Results The chromatographic peak separation with HPLC method for simultaneous differentiate of Paeoniae Radix Alba, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Belamcandae Rhizoma and Bupleurumin in Shufeng Zhike Extract was clear and negative control had no interference. The linear range of Paeoniflorin was 0.035 93–2.514 8 μg (r=0.999 5), and the average recovery was 100.54%(n=6). The linear range of Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin was 0.006 7–0.67 μg (r=0.999 5), and the average recovery was 100.39%(n=6). Conclusion The established quality standards are simple, reliable, and accurate. It can rapidly identificate Paeoniae Radix Alba, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizomaet Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Belamcandae Rhizoma and Bupleurum, and suitable for rapid determination of Paeoniflorin and Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, which can provide the basis for the quality inspection of Shufeng Zhike Extract.

Objective To investigate the correlation between hyperuricemia and obesity in children.Methods 316 children who went to the hospital for treatment of obesity were enrolled in the study as obesity group.Age and sex-matched children with normal body mass index(BMI)were randomly recruited as control group.Fasting venous blood samples were collected for the detection of serum uric acid(UA),glucose(GLU),total cholesterol(CHOL),triacylglycerol (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C).Results Compared with the control group,serum concentrations of UA,CHOL, TG and LDL-C were higher while HDL-C was lower in obese children,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05 ).The detection rate of hyperuricemia in obese children was 24.68%,and in control group was 9.49%,the difference was statistically sig-nificant(P <0.05 ).Serum UA concentration was positively correlated with TG,CHOL and LDL-C,negatively correlated with HDL-C.Conclusion Obesity can lead to higher serum UA concentration and abnormal lipid metabolism.The level of serum UA was correlated with abnormal lipid metabolism.

In recent years ,matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a new organic soft ionization mass spectrometry which can identify and classify microorganism by directly using the sam-ple itself or cultivate colonies on petri dish in a few minutes .This new and simple method reduces the cost of consumables and the time of diagnosis greatly .Its reliability and accuracy have been shown in many studies and different system devices have al-ready been on the market .In the near future ,MALDI-TOF MS will have a broader prospect .This mass spectrometry will be-come an effective and fast microbial identification technology to replace the conventional method .In this article ,we will review the principles of MALDI-TOF MS ,its development and application ,its advantages and shortcomings which compared with tra-ditional methods at the present stage ,and the emphasis will focus on the application characteristics of MALDI-TOF MS in mi-crobial systems .

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of the patients with central brain herniation,and the operation effect of high coronary craniotomy for bilateral decompressive craniectomy.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 26 cases of central brain herniation.The effectiveness of high coronary craniotomy for bilateral decompressive craniectomy and the influential factor of prognosis in patients with central brain herniation were analyzed.Results According to the Glasgow outcome score (GOS) 6 months after operation,5 cases were recovered well,6 cases moderately disabled,4 cases severely disabled,3 cases vegetative survived and 8 cases died.Conclusions High coronary craniotomy and timely and effective bilateral decompressive craniectomy are the most important treatment in patients with central brain herniation.The prognosis is unfavourable prognosis in patients with central brain herniation within 1 h after injury and older than 75 years old.

Objective:To suggest approaches for the establishment of Chinese standards for defining rare disea-ses and advance corresponding Chinese legislation. Methods:By comparing the standards for defining rare diseases in Europe, the United States, and other countries and studying key influencing factors of standards, this paper proposes suggestions for the establishment of proper Chinese standards for defining rare. Results and Conclusion:Social and e-conomic development levels, medical development levels and social security levels influence the establishment of standards. It is recommended that the national conditions should be taken into consideration and the number of pa-tients, severity of the diseases and economic indicators of orphan drugs be used to define rare diseases in China.

Transplantation is regarded as the only therapeutic choice for end-stage organ failure,however,rejection restricted its efficacy after transplantation.MSCs exhibit several desirable characteristics,which may advocate their use in organ transplantation.This includes the capacity to suppress alloreactive and autoimmune T-cell responses,and pro mote a cytokine environment which is likely to be graft protective.This review describes the recent research of MSCs used in organ transplant.