OBJECTIVE To investigate the advantages of nicardipine induced hypotension in endoscopic sinus surgery.METHODS Eighty patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery under general anesthesia were randomly assigned into two groups(n=40 each):Group A(Enflurane Group), Group B (Nicardipine Group).The effect of controlled hypotension was compared between the two groups.The changes of MAP, HR were recorded during induced hypotension, the time of induction, maintenance and recovery in induced hypotension were recorded.RESULTS 1.The induced hypotension induction time in group A was significant shorter than that in group B, BP recovery time in group A was obviously longer than that in group B (P

Objective To investigate the effect of subretinal fluid (SRF) with different grades of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) on bcl-2 oncoprotein expression in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and fibroblast (FB). Methods Using immunohistological staining technique and Western-blotting method to detect the expression of bcl-2 protein in RPE cells and FB under the stimulation of SRF. Results The expression levels of bcl-2 increased in both types of cells to a certain extent compared with those of the control group 4 hours after the cells subjected to SRF; 36 hours later, the expression levels of bcl-2 of experimental groups decreased more quickly than those of the control group,and the control group showed relatively higher bcl-2 protein levels at the end of observation. Conclusions SRF may stimulate the expression of bcl-2 in RPE cells and FB under culture at early stage, but accelarate the declining of bcl-2 protein levels a certain time after subjected to SRF.

Objective　To evaluate adbomen surgery in patients who are found to have poorly controlled or untreated hypertension before operation.Methods　From January 1997 to December 1998,the perioperative clinical data of 531 patients with hypertension and undergoing abdomen surgery in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results　The incidences of perioperative hypertensive events were not significantly different,between controlled and uncontrolled patients with grade one and grade two (P>0.05).In grade three and systolic hypertension,certain perioperative complications in patients with poorly controlled hypertension were higher than in those with well-controlled hypertension(P<0.05).Conclusion　The patients with grade on e and grade two hypertension are not at increased operative risk.In Patients with grade three and systolic hypertension,perioperative complications are increased and elective surgery should be postponed until their blood pressure is brought under 180/110 mmHg over 1 to 2 weeks.

Objective To investigate the effect of subretinalfluid (SRF) with different grades of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) onｂcl-2 oncoprotein expression in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and fib roblast (FB)．Methods Using immunohistologicalstain ingtechniｑue and Westernblotting method to detect the expression of ｂcl-2 protein in RPE cells and FB under the stimulation of SRF．Res u ltsThe expression levels of ｂcl-2 increased in both types oｆcells to a certain extent compared with those of the control group 4 hours afterthe cells subjected to SRF； 36 hours later, the expression levels of ｂcl-2 o f experimental groups decreased more quickly thanthose of the controlgroup， and the controlgroup showed relatively higher ｂcl-2 protein levels at the end of observation． Conclusions SRF may stimulate the e xpression of ｂcl-2 in RPE cells and FB under culture at early stage, but accel arate the declining of ｂcl-2 protein levels a certain time after subjected toSRF．

The time-to-event index is a kind of common evaluation index. It measures the speed of intervention effect. It is different from other index in research design, source material filling, data checking and statistical analysis. To obtain the time-to-event index, investigators can fill in the table directly and statistical analyst can compute after clinical observation. When filling in the source material or data checking, it is should be noticed that the logical relation between the time-to-event index and the visiting point and between the time-to-event index and the correlative other indicator. When statistical analyzing, it is an important issue how to deal with the cases whose time-to-event index does not appear till the observation period ends. Understanding the difference clearly can make the time-to-event index evaluate the effect of the intervention truly and make the clinical observation results reliable.
Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Observational Studies as Topic ; Research ; Research Design

ObjectiveTo detect the effect of subretinal fluid （SRF） from different grades of proliferative vitreoretinopathy（PVR） on cultured retinal pigmental epithelial cells（RPE） and fibloblasts（FB）．MethodsThe effect of SRF from different grades of PVR on RPE and FB was determined using Brdu labeling technique and MTT assaying method，respectively．Results All samples showed a stimulating effect on the two kinds of cellular elements in a certain degree．At 1∶10 concentration，the cellular proliferation stimulating activity of SRF with PVR＜C1，PVR C1 and PVR＞C1 on RPE and FB was 128.5%，139.8%，156.8%and 126.3%，143.1%，172.3%of the control groups, respectively after 24 h stimulation.ConclusionsSRF’s proliferation-stimulating activity is correlated with the grades of PVR．

Objective Ketamine has been shown to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-? and IL-6. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ketamine on myocardial NF-?B expression and serum IL-6 level in a rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) .Methods Twenty-four healthy male SD rats aged 4-8 months weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into four groups with 6 animals in each group : (A)control group; (B) I/R group; (C) ketamine 5 mg? kg-1 +I/R(I/R+K1) and (D) ketamine 10mg?kg-1 + I/R (I/R + K2) . The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10% chloral hydrate 40 mg?kg-1. Chest was opened and heart exposed. Left coronary artery was temporarily occluded at 1 mm inferior to left auricle for 30 min followed by 120 min reperfusion. Myocardial ischemia was confirmed by decoloration of apex and elevation of S-T segment. In control group (A) heart was exposed but left coronary artery was not occluded. In group C and D ketamine 5 mg?kg-1 or 10mg?kg-1 was given i.v. during ischemia. The animals were sacrificed at the end of 120 min reperfusion. A piece of myocardium (0.1 g) was obtained from apex for determination of myocardial NF-?B expression (Western-blot) . Blood samples were taken at 30 min and 120 min of reperfusion for determination of serum IL-6 level (ELISA) .Results The serum IL-6 level at 30 min and 120 min of reperfusion and myocardial NF-?B expression were significantly increased in I/R group (B) compared with those in control group ( P

Objective To analyze the articles published in Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism (CJEM) from 2010 to 2012.Methods The articles published monthly in CJEM from 2010 to 2012 were compared with those published bimonthly frnm 2003 to 2005.Results There were 254 papers published per year in monthly CJEM,being increased 19.2％.The average number of articles per issue was 21,being decreased 40％ ; the average number of articles per page was 0.26,heing decreased 29.7％ ; the average publishing cycle of the articles was 8.8 months,being shortened 37.1％.The papers with funded projects accounted for 51.1％,being increased 34.5％.The papers with citation accounted for 15.9,being improved 78.7％.The price's indicator was 53.5％,being decreased 6.63％.Conclusions The quantity,quality,and average publishing cycle of articles,as well as citation in CJEM were improved by shifting bimonthly to monthly issues.

Objective To investigate the high risk factors of chlamydia (CT) infection in female.Methods Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect 120 cases of gynecological clinic,including 60 cases asymptomatic patients before abortion and 60 cases patients with symptoms of mild genital itching,vaginal secretions slight increased.CT antigen in uterine cervix were detected,and the relationship between its symptoms,age,birth time,contraception,cervical condition,the number of sexual partners,mycoplasma and CT infection were analyzed.Results Among 120 cases,there were 28 cases of CT positive,positive rate was 23.3％ (28/120).CT infection rate of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients was 16.7％,30.0％ respectively,the difference was not significant(P＞0.05).The CT infection rate of patients' age younger than 30 years was 27.8％,higher than older than 30 years (10.0％),the difference was significant(x2=3.975,P＞0.05).The CT infection rate of patients had multiple sexual partners in nearly lyear was 62.5％,higher than that had one sexual partner(9.0％),the difference was significant(x2=37.42,P＞0.05).The CT infection rate of patients didn't use contraceptive tools was 29.1％,higher than that used contraceptive tools(12.2％),the difference was significant(x2=4.319,P＜0.05).Conclusion The symptoms of CT infection are no specificity,should be targeted at screening for patients have high-risk factors,such as age less than 30 years old,have multiple sexual partners nearly 1 year and don' t use contraceptive tools.

Objective To provide technical support and scientific basis for establishing the evaluation index system for rural area in Chongqing city .Methods We formulated first draft of evaluation index system and then used the Delphi method to analyse this draft based on expert evaluation .Evaluation index system were established after second operation .Results “Familiarity ,security , effectiveness ,economy ,simplification ,the number of cases ,equipment and suitability for popularization and application”were finally taken as indexes of evaluation index system .Conclusion Useing Delphi expert consultation method ,we could establish a reasonable evaluation index system of Chongqing city .