Object to define defects of drug accurately and to initially discuss its law responsibility. Method With comparative study and system thinking,we acquired few scientific recognition of drug’s defects. Result & Conclusion Defects of drug are not equal to negative drug reaction. The former one should be an unreasonable and potential risk which induces no expectant therapeutic efficacy to provide. And its law responsibility could be no-fault liability accompanied by state compensation.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the establishment of performance indicator system for evaluating national essential drug system in China.METHODS:Reference to the field of health policy performance evaluation research and practice at home and abroad.WHO indicators for evaluating national drug policies,and a qualitative study on the theory and approach of policy evaluation was conducted.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:To establish a China-specific performance evaluation indicator system,policy goals should be specified,and evaluation criterions and policy components should be also defined firstly.An indicator system framework of national essential drug system which based on WHO recommendatory indicators should be proposed accordingly.But detailed indicators should be established based on field research and experts counseling.

Objective To observe changes of the partial oxygen pressure in the deep tissues along the Large Intestine Meridian (LIM) during acupuncture stimulation,so as to reveal the characteristics of energy metabolism in the tissues along the LIM. Methods Thirty-one healthy volunteer subjects were enlisted in the present study. Partial oxygen pressure (POP) in the tissues (at a depth of about 1.5 cm) of acupoints Binao (LI 14),Shouwuli (LI 13),Shousanli (LI 10),2 non-acupoints [the midpoints between Quchi (LI 11) and LI 14,and between Yangxi (LI 5) and LI 11) of the LIM,and 10 non-meridian points,1.5-2.0 cm lateral and medial to each of the tested points of the LIM was detected before,during and after electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of Hegu (LI 4) by using a tissue oxygen tension needle-like sensor. Results In normal condition,the POP values in the deep tissues along the LIM were significantly higher than those of the non-meridian control points on its bilateral sides. During and after EA of Hegu (LI 4),the POP levels decreased significantly in the deep tissues along the LIM in comparison with pre-EA (P0.05). Conclusion POP is significantly higher in the deep tissues along the LIM of healthy subjects under normal conditions,which can be downregulated by EA of Hegu (LI 4),suggesting an increase of both the utilization rate of oxygen and energy metabolism after EA.

Equipment department plays an important role in medical consumables management. Institutionalized management and practical medical consumable purchase are key to medical consumables management.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of ankylosing spondylitis(AS)patients’life quality and medical coping styles.Method Two hundred patients visiting at the outpatient department of our hospital took part in the assessment on AS life quality and medical coping styles to look into the living quality of AS patients and its medical coping methods and influencing factors.Results The total score on life quality was(66.82±5.57),among whose dimensions the psychological function was scored the lowest by(10.65±4.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the scores on confrontation of coping styles were positively related with the dimension of social function in life quality(r=0.18,r=0.13,P<0.05),the scores on the avoidance of coping style were positively related to the dimension of physiological function in the life quality(r=0.12,r=0.14,P<0.05),the scores on yielding in coping styles was negatively correlated to physiological function of the life quality(r=-0.20,P<0.05).Regression analysis results showed that the AS patients’life quality was impacted by the course of the disease,coping styles and modes for paying medical expenses(P<0.05).Conclusions The AS patients’life quality is low and it is related to their coping style,the course of the disease and modes for paying medical expenses.Medical personnel should implement targeted interventions to guide patients into taking correct medical coping styles according to the specific condition of patients,in order to improve their quality of life.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of integrated traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with Western medicine in treatment of diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) and its effect on serum inflammatory cytokine levels.Methods One hundred and sixty four IBS-D patients treated in Guangfu Hospital from July 2013 to August 2015 were randomly divided into study group and control group with 82 cases in each group.All patients received oral Saccharomyces boulardii 1.0 b.i.d, while patients in study group received additional Shuganjianpi decoction b.i.d for 4 weeks.The clinical efficacy was observed, serum IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α levels were measured in 2 groups.Results After treatment, the total score of clinical symptoms in study group was lower than that of control group [(5.71±1.41) vs.(11.70±2.88) points,t=16.707, P<0.01].Serum levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α in study group decreased significantly after treatment [IFN-γ (2.88±1.38) ng/L vs.(1.00±0.44) ng/L, t=11.609, P<0.01;TNF-α (41.26±5.29) ng/L vs.(24.13±3.27) ng/L,t=24.636, P<0.01], IL-10 significantly increased [(142.23±21.58) ng/L vs.(170.23±33.45) ng/L,t=6.291,P<0.01].The overall effective rate of study group was higher than that of control group, [87.50% (70/80) vs.68.75% (55/80), x2=8.228, P<0.01].After treatment, the quality of life scores in both groups were improved;but the improvement of diet, spirit, mood and sleep scores in study group were better than those in control group [(240±69) vs.(193±60), t=4.579, (316±74) vs.(230 ± 69), t=7.603, (297±62) vs.(228±59), t=7.211;(284±62) vs.(230±54), t=5.874, all P<0.01].Conclusion The efficacy of integrated traditional Chinese medicine with Western medicine in treatment of IBS-D is significantly better than that of Western medicine alone, which may be associated with its regulatory effect on the serum inflammatory cytokine levels.

Objective To summarize the experience of how to preserve parathyroid glands and their function in thyroidectomy. Methods Data of 872 patients with thyroid carcinoma who entered our hospital from May. 2006 to Oct. 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Parathyroid damage rate was 2. 06% (18/872)and permanent hypoparathyroidism was 0. 23% (2/872). All occurred in total thyroidectomy. Conclusions Preserving blood supply for parathyroid and avoiding direct contusion or misresection are important for preventing hypoparathyroidism in thyroidectomy. Calcium supplementation should be given to patients with obviously low serum calcium level after surgery to prevent permanent hypoparathroidism.

OBJECTIVE:To provide suggestions for the improvement of curriculum system of Pharmacy Administration(Ph.A).METHODS:The basic information was collected by searching official website and the websites of universities and colleges,and the detailed data were collected through questionnaire survey.RESULTS:In the 111 universities and colleges investigated,a total of 51 curriculums(or 399 courses) related to Ph.A were set up.The main curriculums are pharmacy administration(210 courses),pharmaceutical marketing(61 courses),pharmacy laws and regulations(26 courses).In different universities and colleges,the credit hours,semester and property of Ph.A curriculums are different.CONCLUSIONS:The system of Ph.A curriculums has become more and more comprehensive,and the setup of each course suits the need of social needs.But the setup of curriculums of Ph.A in each university or college was far from systematical,and its structure remained to be optimized,and the structure of the teaching materials of Ph.A should be strengthened.

OBJECTIVE: To provide suggestion for the construction of teaching staff and the improvement of the discipline of Pharmacy Administration(Ph.A).METHODS: The basic information was collected by searching official website and the websites of universities and colleges etc,and a questionnaire survey was conducted among pharmacy univeristies or colleges by means of telephone interview or on-the-spot interview etc.RESULTS: A total of 108 pharmacy univeristies or colleges sent back the effective questionnaires.There were a total of 276 Ph.A teachers,including 142 male and 134 female;145 were full-time Ph.A and 131 were part-time teachers.There were only part-time teachers in 63 universities / colleges,of whom,91 were from other teaching or research department of the discipline of pharmacy,24 from party or government administration of school,9 from hospitals,4 from pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises,and 3 from drug administration department.CONCLUSION: The resources of Ph.A teachers are various,and the access qualification is quite low.It isadvisable to strengthen the building of Ph.A faculty and improve the whole level of Ph.A teachers.