The distribution of ABH substances in human tissue cells was studied using the specific red cell adherence test(SRCA test).Tissues were taken from 11 cadavers of known ABO type and secrete status,fixed with 10% neutral formalin,Isolated abdominal skins kept in room temperature for 1～13 days were also observed for the purpose of studing the influence of the time elapsed after death on SRCA test results ABH substances were found in mucous membranes,mucous glands and prostate glands.ABH substances in those tissues were controlled by secrete status.ABH substances were also found in endothelia of blood vessels,stra- tified epithelia,acinar cells of pancreas and sweat glands.We firstly found that ABH substances were present in epithelia of pulmonary alveoli and epi- thelia of small bile duct in liver. Using SRCA test,the ABO blood type were correctly demonstrated in 11 isolated abdominal skins kept in room temperature for 1～13 days.

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; complications

Objective To investigate the expression of TLR2 and HIF-1α in pancreatic cancer and explore the relationship between TLR2 or HIF-1α protein and the clinical or pathological changes in pancreatic cancer. Methods The mRNA of TLR2 and HIF-1α in 30 cases of pancreatic cancer and its adjacent tissues were detected with real-time PCR and with immunohistochemical methods in 65 cases of pancreatic cancer and 38 cases of corresponding adjacent tissues. The relationship between TLR2 or HIF-1α and pathologic features of pancreatic cancer was analyzed. The correlation between TLR2 and HIF-1α in pancreatic cancer was also assessed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess the impact of TLR2 or HIF1αexpression on survival. Results The relative quantification of TLR2 mRNA and HIF-1α mRNA in pancreatic cancer tissues was 0.84±0.17 and 0.87±0.11, respectively, which was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues 0.70±0.13 and 0.68±0.13 respectively,P＜0.05. The protein expression of TLR2 and HIF-1α in pancreatic cancer tissues was 63. 10% and 70.8%, respectively, significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues (34.20% and 36.8%, respectively). There was no significant correlation between the expression of TLR2 or HIF-1α protein and the age, gender, tumor location, the degree of differentiation in patients with pancreatic cancer (P＞0.05). However, there was significant correlation between the expression of TLR2 or HIF-1α protein and tumor size, lymph node metastasis, venous invasion and clinical staging. TLR2 and HIF-1α had a significant impact on survival. Conclusion TLR2 and HIF-1α overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and TLR2 signaling pathway may promote development of the pancreatic cancer with HIF-1α together.

ObjectiveTo study the toxic effect of bupivacaine encapsulated in liposomes on spinal cord in rats.MethodsOne hundred and eight SD rats (200-225 g) in which intrathecal (IT) catheter was successfully implanted without complications were randomly divided into 6 groups ( n =18 each):control group (group C) ; liposome group (group L) ; 0.5％ and 1.0％ bupivacaine groups (groups B1 and B2 ) and 0.5％ and 1.0％ bupivacaine encapsulated in liposomes groups (groups LB1 and LB2 ).In groups L,B1,B2,LB1 and LB2,liposome,0.5 ％ bupivacaine,1.0 ％ bupivacaine,0.5 ％ liposomal bypivacaine and 1.0 ％ liposomal bupivacaine 20 μl were injected IT respectively once a day for 7 consecutive days,while in group C nothing was injected IT.Pain threshold was measured by mechanical stimulation of the plantar surface of hindpaw.Motor function of the hindlimbs was also assessed.The animals were sacrificed at 8 day after IT injection.The lumbar segment of the spinal cord was removed for microscopic examination,detection of neuronal apoptosis (by flow cytometry) and Fos protein expression (by immuno-histochemistry).Results1.0％ bupivacaine IT significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic neurons in group B2 as compared with control group.0.5％ and 1.0％ bupivacaine IT significantly increased the number Fos protein positive cells in group B1 and B2 as compared with group C.1.0％ bupivacaine IT induced severe histologic damage including shrinkage of nucleus and vacuole formation in mitochondria.Encapsulation of bupivacaine in liposomes significantly attenuated bupivacaine-induced increase in apoptosis and Fos protein expression and histologic damage in group LB2 as compared with group B2.ConclusionThe encapsulation in liposomes can decrease the neurotoxicity of 1.0 ％ bupivacaine administered IT in rats.

Objective:To investigate the pathophysiological mechanism,clinical menifestation and radiographic diagnosis of cholesterol granuloma following chronic supperative otitis media.Method:Six cases of CG following chronic suppurative otitis media, confirmed by surgery and pathology,were reviewed and analyzed.Result:CG frequently accompanied with other middle ear diseases，and was shown as a high signal intensity on both T1-and T2-weighted images in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Conclusion:It was postulated that the obstruction of pneumatized temporal bone air cells,caused by other middle ear diseases such as cholesteatoma and tympanosclerosis,might be the pathophsiological mechanism of CG.The evaluations of computed tomography(CT) and clinical manifestation were limited to distinguish CG from cholesteatoma or other neoplasm,while the MRI can be of great value to characteristic diagnosis.

The personnel training is one of the core tasks of clinical Chinese pharmacy.Since the professional training of clinical Chinese pharmacy has started relatively late in China,the teaching contents and curriculum still need further improvements.This paper is aiming at analyzing the post tasks of personnel of clinical Chinese pharmacy,defining the knowledge structure of them,and learning from the characteristics of clinical Chinese pharmacy teaching systems of the foreign and domestic universities.On such basis,the paper proposes the ideas about constructing the curriculum system of clinical Chinese pharmacy,to provide a reference for the higher educational personnel training of clinical Chinese pharmacy.

Objective To investigate the application v al ue of stereotactic vacuum-assisted core needle breast biopsy (Mammotome biopsy) for breast masses and the surgical treatment for atypical ductal hyperplasia (AD H) detected by the Mammotome biopsy. Methods Ultrasound guide d Mammotome biopsies and corresponding surgical management were carried out in 3 2 patients (39 lesions) in this hospital between March 2003 and January 2004. Results Of the 32 patients (39 lesions), fibroadenosis was diag nosed in 24 patients (31 lesions), plasma cell mastitis in 1 patient, atypical d uctal hyperplasia in 4 patients, and breast cancer, 3 patients. Of the 4 patient s with atypical hyperplasia, a re-operation was conducted and a confirmative dia gnosis of atypical hyperplasia was made in 2 patients, while the oral administra tion of Tamoxifen was given in 1 patient with mild atypical hyperplasia and in 1 patient with moderate to severe hyperplasia. Conclusions For patients with severe ADH detected by the Mammotome biopsy, a re-operation is req uired. For patients with mild to moderate ADH: if the breast mass is palpable pr eoperatively, a surgical excision is recommended; if the patient has non-palpabl e masses with negative family history, in condition that the lesion has been ent irely removed, the surgery is not necessary and the oral administration of Tamox ifen with regular follow-up is indicated.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of laparoscopic,retroperitoneal laparoscopic,and open radical nephrectomy.Methods Clinical data of 32 cases of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy(Laparoscopic Group),18 cases of retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy(Retroperitoneal Group),and 32 cases of open radical nephrectomy(Open Group) were compared in respect of operation time,length of hospitalization after operation,intraoperative hemorrhage volume,and incidence of postoperative complications.Results With exception of 1 case of conversion to open surgery because of ruptured renal vein in the Laparoscopic Group,the operation was successfully completed in all the cases.Of the Laparoscopic Group,Retroperitoneal Group,and Open Group,the operation time was 100.5?19.2 min,90.3?21.4 min,and 127.2?20.5 min,respectively,the intraoperative hemorrhage volume was 40?15 ml,50?15 ml,and 200?30 ml,respectively,and the length of postoperative hospitalization was 5.2?1.3 d,5.6?1.1 d,and 9.1?1.8 d,respectively.Both the Laparoscopic Group and the Retroperitoneal Group were superior to the Open Group(P

Objective To investigate the refining and concentration of the Banlangen aqueous extractives using membrane separation technology. Methods The membrane separation process for refining and concentration Banlangen aqueous extractives was optimized by the quality of products and membrane operation parameters, and was tested through medium-scale trials. Results The selected G2+GM+RO2 membrane process was suitable. The inherent quality of the products obtained by membrane separation process was better than that obtained by traditional process. Conclusion G2+GM+RO2 membrane process is suitable to refine and concentrate Banlangen aqueous extractives, and it has technical conditions for industrial scale trials.

Objective To study the clinical value of extensively whey protein hydrolyzed formula and partially whey protein hydrolyzed formula as an adjunctive therapy in treating infantile eczema.Methods Totally 59 bottle-feeding babies with infantile eczema were divided into three groups depending on different formula feeding:extensively hydrolyzed formula feeding group (eHF group,n =18),partially hydrolyzed formula feeding group (pHF group,n =22),and conventional cow's milk formula feeding group (CMF group,n =19).Meanwhile,all patients received the same drug treatment.The effective rate and remission rate were evaluated using the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index.Results After 2 weeks of treatment,the effective rate was 38.9％ and the remission rate was 50.0％ in the eHF group,which were significantly different from those in the CMF group (5.3％ and 31.6％) (x2 =12.225,P =0.002).The effective rate was 9.1％ and the remission rate was 40.9％ in the pHF group,showing no significant difference when compared with the CMF group (x2 =0.761,P =0.683).After 8 weeks of treatment,the effective rate was 55.6％ and the remission rate was 38.9％ in the eHF group,comparing to 15.8％ and 47.4％ in the CMF group,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =8.498,P =0.014).The effective rate was 31.8 ％ and the remission rate was 59.1％ in the pHF group,a trend towards higher than that of the CMF group,but the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =4.912,P =0.086).Before (F =0.773,P =0.466) and after (F =1.313,P =0.277) the treatment,the growth and development data in different groups showed no significance differences.Conclusion Both the extensively and partially whey protein hydrolyzed formula play an adjunctive role in treating infantile eczema,although the treatment effectiveness of the extensively hydrolyzed formula appears earlier than that of the partially hydrolyzed formula.