Bicuspid aortic valve(BAV) is one of the most common congenital cardiovascular malformations,affecting 1% to 2% of the population.BAV may be sporadic or familial.BAV is likely a multiple genetic disorder based on the study of heritability and identification of pathogenic genes and potential candidate genes.With increasing studies of related genes of BAV,early intervention and gene therapy of BAV and associated complications may be likely in the near future.

Child ; Humans ; Tachycardia ; physiopathology ; therapy

PAX2 gene encodes a nuclear transcription factor and plays a pivotal role for embryonic kidney development.It is expressed during the entire developmental process of pronephron,mesonephron and metanephron,involving in the regulation of embryonic kidney development at various fetal stages,but its expression disappeared in mature nephrons.Recently,it was found that PAX2 was re-expressed in nephropathy.Gene mutation and re-expression of PAX2 are closely related with congenital and acquired renal diseases.This paper reviews the role and significance of PAX2 expression in kidney disease from the aspects of normal expression,gene mutation and abnormal expression.

Objective To estimate direct economic burden of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis in China,and to assess its influencing factors.Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out in 150 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis from 29 third-grade class-A hospitals in 7 cities.Data on demographic characteristics,clinical features and direct economic burden were collected.Descriptive statistics were performed to analyze the direct economic burden of moderate to severe psoriasis,and multiple regression analysis was carried out to determine predictors of cost of illness.Results The patients were aged (43.87 ± 13.42) years,with an average clinical course of 3 years(range,2-6 years).Of them,82 had moderate psoriasis,and 68 had severe psoriasis.The average direct cost was (6 452 ± 6 391)RMB per patient-year,with significant difference between the patients with moderate psoriasis and those with severe psoriasis ((4 163 ± 4 605) vs.(9 212 ± 7 146) RMB,z =5.70,P ＜ 0.001).Regression analysis indicated that disease severity,clinical type,hospitalization,complications,and inhabited cities were factors influencing the direct economic burden of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis.Conclusions The direct eonomic burden of severe psoriasis seems to be twice that of moderate psoriasis in China.Physicians should strengthen the control of complications and disease severity,and pay more attention to other types of psoriasis than psoriasis vulgaris,during the treatment of psoriasis.

Objective To diagnose retinal detachment with International Classification of Diseases10 (ICD-10) and to analyze the surgical modalities of vitrectomy for the disease.Methods The clinical data of 1 648 hospitalized patients with retinal detachment undergoing vitrectomy in our hospital in 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The ICD etiological classification showed that primary retinal detachment accounted for 50.18％ (827/1 648),tractional retinal detachment accounted for 32.52％ (536/1 648),exudative retinal detachment accounted for 0.61％ (10/1 648)and other types accounted for 16.69％ (275/ 1 648).The top 5 common etiological diagnoses were simple rhegrnatogenous retinal detachment (25.73％,424/1 648),diabetic tractional retinal detachment (12.62％,208/1 648),traumatic retinal detachment (12.08％,199/1 648),other primary retinal detachment (11.23％,185/1 648) and retinal detachment after intraocular surgery (10.62％,175/1 648).The top 4 modalities of vitrectomy were combined silicone oil implanting surgery (54.73％,902/1 648),basic vitrectomy (21.97％,362/1 648),combined silicone oil and lenticular surgery (14.38％,237/1 648) and combined lenticular surgery (5.58％,92/1 648).Conclusions Modern vitrectomy is used mainly for the treatment of primary retinal detachment and the treatment of retinal detachment related to diabetes,ocular trauma and intraocular surgeries.The complexity of various retinal detachment diseases requires different surgical modalities of vitrectomy for treatment.

0.05). The main toxicities were well tolerated and consisted of leukopenia,nausea/vomiting and peripheral neuritis. Grades Ⅲ-Ⅳ nausea/vomiting,renal toxicity and cardiac insufficiency occurred more frequently in the control group,peripheral neuritis occurred more frequently in the study group (P

Objective To discuss the correlation between tyre bursting and traffic accidents on highways. Methods A retrospective statistical analysis was carried out on traffic accidents resulted from tyre bursting on the Guangzhou-Shenzhen highway from 1998 to 2000. Results During three years, there occurred 2 484 cases of traffic accidents on the Guangzhou-Shenzhen highway, of which 848 cases resulted from tyre bursting, accounting for 34.14% (848/2 484). During a day, incidence from 10:00 to 16:00 was 55.54% (471/848), which was higher than that in any other time, and the highest incidence was at 14:00, accounting for 9.67% (82/848). During a year, incidence from April to September was 56.84% (482/848), higher than that in any other months. Considering the tyre factor, accidents resulted from burst of single right posterior tyre were 398 cases, occupying 46.93% (398/848) of the total, which was more than those resulted from burst of any other tyres. The second dangerous burst position was on the left posterior tyre, from which accidents reached 295 cases occupying 34.79% ((295/848)) of the total. Of all, 848 cases of tyre bursting accidents resulted in 12 deaths and 200 injuries, which accounted for 22.55% of the total death and wound (212/940). There were 58 cases of craniocerebral trauma, 32 chest trauma, seven abdominal injuries, 25 spinal cord injuries, four pelvic injuries, 52 branches injuries, 127 soft tissue injuries all through the body and 106 combined injuries. Conclusions Tyre bursting is a vital factor for traffic accidents on highways of South China. In order to effectively reduce traffic accidents on the highways, we must prevent overspeed driving, strengthen the regular check of the tyres and normalize corresponding management.

[Objective]To investigate the clinical value of computed radiography(CR),computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in spinal tuberculosis.[Method]Forty-one patients with histologically confirmed spinal tuberculosis underwant imaging examinations.Forty-one patients were performed CR,22 CT and 31 MRI.[Result]CR of 38 patients clearly revealed bone changes and narrowed or disappeared disk space.CR of 30 patients well showed the abnormal soft tissue.CT scan of 22 patients clearly depicted calcification and no abnormal was found in pedicles in all the 22 CT scans.CT scan of 21 patients revealed bone changes of vertebral bodies and CT scan of 20 patients showed abnormal soft tissue.The soft tissue was involved in all 31 patients with spinal tuberculosis.Diskspaces were involved in 29 cases and the pedicles were normal in all 31 case.The lesions showed hypointense in T1 scan primarily,hyperintense in T2 scan primarily.[Conclusion]CR is the first imaging approach for spinal tuberculosis.CT well reveal the extent and minute calcification.The extent,abnormal soft-tissue and abnormal disk space are more dramatically demonstrated on MRI imaging.CR,in addition to CT and MRI,is helpful in diagnosis of spinaltubereuinsis.

[Objective]To investigate the value of 16-slice spiral CT(MSCT)postprocessing in styloid process in vivo and provide the vivisection data for diagnosing and curing styloid process syndrome.[Method]Totally 100 volunteers with normal styloid processes underwent 16-slice spiral CT(MSCT). Based on the initial datum,4 kinds of postprocessing including multiple planar reconstruction(MPR), curve planar reconstruction(CPR),surface shaded display(SSD) and volume rendering (VR) were performed.The length and inclination angle of stytoid processes were measured. The distance of between styloid processes and carotid canal external aperture,jugular foramen, stylomastoid foramen ,mastoid process, internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein were surveyed. [Result]The average length of styloid processes was 24.51 mm?3.05 mm, left was 24.33 mm?3.15 mm and right was 24.69 mm?2.95 mm. The anterior inclination angle was 19.35??2.92? and medial was 24.00??4.07?.The distance of between styloid processes and carotid canal external aperture, jugular foramen,stylomastoid foramen ,mastoid process , internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein were 8.53 mm?2.45 mm, 2.87 mm?0.88 mm, 2.34 mm?0.74 mm, 17.23 mm?1.85 mm,6.49 mm?1.58 mm and 3.70 mm?1.46 mm respectively. [Conclusion]Sixteen-slice Spiral CT postprocessing demonstrate the stytoid processes in vivo accurately and fully, among which multiple planar reconstruction and surface shaded display are more valuable, because they can evaluate the length and inclination of the styloid processes and the distance between the processes and their surrounding structures in vivo more accurately.

Objective To investigate the effect of salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) on the expression of Bcl 2?Bax and hepatocyte apoptosis in hepatic preservation and reperfusion in a murine model.Methods The model of the preservation reperfusion of isolated rat liver was established. Bcl 2?Bax expression of the liver tissue and hepatocyte apoptosis were studied respectively by flow cytometry and in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP FITC nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique. Results In SM treated group levels of Bcl 2 expression was significantly increased ( P