astaxanthin is an effective antioxidant and natural pigment which has wide application. Phaffia rhodozyma is a good source of astaxantin, but wild strain has limited use in industry because of low production level of astaxanthin. Several mutants of Phaffia rhodozyma were obtained by exerting mutagen N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. The growth curve suggested that pigments were mainly produced in the middle and latter periods of log phase. The pigments were extracted from Phaffia rhodozyma and analysed by esterification, thin layer chromatography and absorption spectrometry. It was proved that astaxanthin, astaxanthin diester and β-carotene were the major components of the pigments produced by Phaffia rhodozyma. We also studied the pigments producing phase of Phaffia rhodozyma. and founded that astaxanthin was stable to light under butylatedhydroxytoluene coexistance.

The paper collects the network data from www.haodf.com to establish a model,conducts an empirical study on the factors influencing the selection of doctors in online medical websites,and puts forward the suggestions for the construction of online medical websits from 4 aspects of normalizing management,focusing on propaganda,highlighting online public praise,and expanding profit channels.

Objective To investigate the expression and its rule of transferrin (Tf) in brain tissue at different time after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats. Methods The fresh quantitative autologous blood was infused into the right caudate nucleus of rat sterotaxically to build up experimental ICH model. At 6h, 24h, 72h and 7d after operation, the rats were sacrificed and the brain tissues were made for immunohistochemistry analysis of Tf. The water content of the brains was also assayed.Results Compared with saline group, Tf-immunostaining positive cells in the tissue surrounding hematoma and in the ipsilateral pallium in ICH rats were increased significantly during 7 days, peaked at 72 hours ( P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of facial vein-superior ophthalmic vein approach to embolize carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas.Metheds The involved cavernous sinus was catheterized through the femoral vein-facial vein- superior ophthalmic vein approach, GDC, EDC, free microcoil, or silk were used to pack the sinus and occlude the shunt. If therer was any difficulty in catheterizing the faical vein, facial vein was exposed surgically and punctured, and then, through the superior opthalmic vein, the cavernous sinus was packed. Results 16 cavernous sinuses in 14 CCF patients(5 traumatic CCFs, 9 dural CCFs) were catheterized through facial vein-superior ophthalmic vein approach, and the technical success was achieved in 15 cavernous sinuses. Immediate angiographic cure of the shunts was achieved in 11cases, residual shunts with inferior petral sinus drainage in 2. Facial vein occlusion was encountered in 1 patient during the facial vein catheterization, further packing of the cavernous sinus was not performed, but follow-up angiography at the 21 st day revealed the spontaneous cure of the shunt. The VI cranial nerve palsy present after balloon embolization in a type A CCF was not improved after the packing of the cavernous sinus. Ocular symptoms in other patients disappeared after tranvenous embolization. The clinical follow-up period ranged from 3 to 21 months, no recurrence of the symptoms was found. Follow-up angiography in 2 patients with residual shunting showed the unchanged shunts, no further embolization was performed. No follow-up angiography was performed in other patients.Conclusions The facial vein-superior ophthalmic vein approach can be chosen as an optimum treatment for dural CCFs, and an important alternative treatment for type A CCFs after the failure of the initial balloon embolization.

Objective To investigate the expression of neuron nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) mRNA of brain tissue at early stage of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats and the intervention effect of Didangtang.Methods 72 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: intracerebral hemorrhage group, Didangtang treatment group, NOS inhibition group and normal saline group. Quantitate fresh autologous blood was infused into right caudate nucleus of rat sterotaxically to build up experimental ICH model and normal saline was instead in control group. The neurological function deficit scores were observed by Bederson method (3 grades) at 6 h, 24 h and 72 h after operation. At the same time points, the rats were sacrificed and the brain tissues were taken out for the measurement of nNOS mRNA by technique of hybridization in situ.Results Neurological function deficit scores of the rats were significantly improved both in intracerebral hemorrhage group and Didangtang treatment group at 72 h after operation(all P

Objective To study the effect of Vincristine-loaded intact human erythrocytes on tumor cell in vitro. Methods VCR was loaded in intact human erythrocytes using a modified hypotonic preswelling technique. The proliferation of K562 cells after incubation with VCR-loaded erythrocytes was detected by MTT. Cellular cycle and apoptosis of K562 cells were analyzed through FACS staining with PI/Rhodamin123, and morphology of apoptotic K562 cells and their nucleus were observed through staining with Hoechest33258. Results VCR-loaded erythrocytes could efficiently inhibit the proliferation of co-cultured K562 cells and induce the cells′ apoptosis in a dosage-dependent manner. Cellular cycle analysis demonstrated that proportion of K562 cells in G 0/G 1 decreased whereas in S+G 2/M increased after incubation with VCR-loaded erythrocytes. Such effects could also be displayed from alone VCR group, and significant change was observed in K562 cells co-cultured with unloaded erythrocytes (P

Objective To establish a method of isolating and purifying islets from Wistar rat, and to evaluate the biological characters of the isolated and purified islets. Methods The pancreases were surgically removed from adult Wistar rats, carefully minced with scissors as small as possible prior to incubation in 0.9 mg/ml collagenase (Sigma, type Ⅴ) for 10~17min at 37℃. The digested tissue was filtered through a 60 apertures/cm~2 metal sieve and washed with 10% fetal bovine sera (FBS) in Hank’s solution. Purification was performed using Dextran discontinuous density gradient centrifugation to separate the contents of the postcollagenase pellets. Islet samples were stained with DTZ staining for identification. The viability of the purified islet was determined by acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI) double staining. The in vitro function was assayed by different densities of glucose incubating islets for 45min, respectively. Insulin secretion in the supernatant was assayed by radioimmunoassay. Islets were transplanted under the kidney capsule into recipient SD rats that had been rendered diabetic by injecting streptozotocin 50mg/kg, so as to evaluate the in vivo function of islets. Results The islets were recovered between the 11% and 22% Dextran layers, and between the 11% and 1640 layers. The average number of isolated islets was 2181?14 per rat pancreas. After a discontinuous Dextran density gradient purification, about 1826?24 islets were obtained from per rat pancreas, with an average purity over 95%. Islets showed good response to glucose and high efficiency to invert hyperglycemia 7-10d after transplantation. Conclusion These results showed that the digestion methods and purification procedure which we have developed could provide islets from rats for transplantation studies. The biological characters of islets harvested by our method were very well.

Objective In order to study the effects of three drainage methods after operation of breast cancer. Methods We demonstrated the drainage reliability of the negative pressure bottles by measuring their negative pressures.We reviewed the incidence of flap dropsy of 103 patients with breast cancer operated from 1988 to 2001.Results Negative pressure of the bottle made by ourselves is 83.33 kPa at the room temperature and 74.12 kPa after 200ml fluid being drained. The incidence of skin flap dropsy of the negative pressure bottle is significantly lower than those in another two groups.Conclusion The negative pressure bottle is reliable, convenient and applicable in all levels of hospital.

HIV envelope glycoprotein transmembrane subunit gp41 plays a major role in the fusion of viral and target cell membranes. The extracellular region of gp41 consists of N-terminal fusion peptide and downstream N- and C-heptad repeat (NHR and CHR) regions. The peptidesderived from the NHR and CHR regions, designated N- and C-peptides, respectively, have potent inhibitory activity on the HIV mediated cell fusion. C-peptide T-20 has just got the approval of U.S. FDA, which became the first success of one new class anti-HIV agents, named HIV-fusion inhibitors. However, a relatively long peptide such as T-20 suffers from several limitations including proteolytic sensitivity, large dosage, therefore it is unable to produced by gene engineering. Alternately, shorter peptidic fusion inhibitors and active peptides suitable for gene engineering are pursued. In the recent years, this kind of peptide modifications are hot spots in HIV research field and contribute a lot to the inhibitory mechanism of N- and C-peptide.

Objective To investigate the relationship between axon degeneration of Goll’s column system and Amyloid ? protein (A?) deposit sludge. Methods A? protein deposition in area of axon degeneration of Goll’s columns was measured by using immunohistochemical method.Results There was found strong positive round like A? deposit in the area of axon degeneration of Goll’s column system of GAD mouse. Spheroid appeared in the area of medullar nucleus of the Goll's column system at an age of 4 weeks. However the A? was negative and 9 weeks later, it became positive in partial spheroid and formed a strong round like material and became more and more standing up with age increase. The material mentioned above appeared consistently progressive in degeneration of axon in sequence.Conclusion It was suggested that the deposition of A? should be the result secondary to degeneration of nervous axon and be closely correlated with axon degeneration.