OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of antidepressant drugs in the clinic. METHODS:By DDD anal-ysis recommended by WHO,the utilization of antidepressant drugs in 34 hospital from Nanjing area during 2011-2014 were ana-lyzed statistically in respects of main type,consumption sum,DDDs and DDC,etc. RESULTS:The consumption sum and DDDs of antidepressants were increased year by year in 34 hospital from Nanjing area during 2011-2014,with the average annual growth rate of 18.21% and 19.25% respectively. The top 2 drugs by DDDs were paroxetine and setraline;DDC of tomoxetine,trazodone and dutoxetine took up the first 3 place;consumption sum of paroxetine,setraline,venlafaxine and escitalopram took up the first 4 places;consumption sum of paroxetine,mirtazapine and citalopram synchronized with their DDDs,and serial number ratio was close to or equal to 1.00. CONCLUSIONS:The use of antidepressant drugs in 34 hospitals from Nanjing area is rational in struc-ture and level;selective 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)reuptake inhibitors(SSRI)and selective 5-HT noradrenaline reuptake inhibi-tor(SNRI)take up the predominant place;new type of antidepressant drugs are used widely and of great use potentiality in the fu-ture.

Objective To search the status quo of students'thanatopsis in order to push focused education on terminal care to the nursing major students.Metheds To distribute home-made questionnaire to 268 nursing students.Results students who cannot talk about death normally account for 21.3 percent;who never considered death or unnecessary to consider death account for 12.9 percent of the total;who considered a lot account for 10 percent;who cannot handle terminally ill account for 74.3 percent;and who prefer self-suicide when suffered defeat account for 4.9 percent.Conclusion Nursing students have insufficient ideas of death,and they need to think deeply about the meaning of death and to nurture a positive outlook on death in order to get a correct terminal care education.

0.05).CONCLUSION:Results of study shows there is no significant difference between the therapy of 131I combined with ATD and 131I alone.

Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of monochromatic energy image spectral CT in active small bowel bleeding and to screen the optimal energy level that indicates active bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract.Methods The bleeding model was established using the small intestines of pigs in vitro.Seven blood flow rates were simulated:0.500,0.400,0.300,0.200,0.100,0.050,0.025 ml/min,respectively.For each rate,a GE Discovery HD750 CT scanner was used in GSI scan mode and 64 slice CT was performed,with a delay of 15 s and 40 s simulated the arterial phase and portal venous phase,respectively.Each out of the blood flow rate in the 2 modes was respectively scanned 5 times.The GSI reconstruction platform was employed to obtain 7 monochromatic energy images(40,50,60,70,80,90,100 keV).A set of polychromatic energy images was obtained from an ordinary scan.The detection rates of the contrast agent exudation regions using the two scanning methods were compared.The contrast to noise ratios(CNR) for the contrast agent exudation regions were measured.Randomized block analysis of Variance was performed to compare the differences in CNR between energy levels.The x2 test was used to compare the detection rates obtained from the 2 scanning methods.Results The detection rates for energy spectral CT and 64 slice CT in the arterial phase were 31/35 and 23/35,respectively; there was significant difference(x2=5.185,P=0.023).The total detection rates of portal venous phase were 35/35 and 32/35,respectively,there was no significant difference(x2=l.393,P=0.238).On the ordinary scan mode,the detection rates of arterial and portal venous phase difference was statistically significant(x2 =6.873,P =0.009);but on the GSI scan mode,there was no significant difference(x2=2.386,P=0.122). The CNR values at 8 group energy levels for arterial phase and portal venous phase were statistically different(respectively P＜ 0.05),the CNR value of the contrast agent exudation regions at 50 keV and 60 keV monochromatic energy images on the GSI scan mode higher than that of polychromatic energy images,the difference was statistically significant(respectively P＜0.05),the CNR in portal venous phase images were higher than that of arterial at all energy groups,differences were statistically significant(t=-3.996 to-2.380,respectively P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Monochromatic energy image spectral CT demonstrates superiority over polychromatic energy images in detecting active bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract.The optimal monochromatic energy value for detection was between 50 keV and 60 keV,and the detection was easier in the portal venous phase than in the arterial phase.

Objective To detect the differential expression profile of microRNAs between patients with or without gall?bladder stone. Methods Samples from 30 patients with gallbladder stones (GS) and 30 without gallbladder stones (GP) were collected, in which microRNAs expression profiles were examined using high-throughput sequencing instrument Illumi?na HiSeq 2500. MicroRNA sequences were obtained and compared to Genebank and Rfam database for classification. Differ?entially expressed microRNAs were screened, and their target genes were predicted. Significant enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG were performed. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed on selected miRNAs in order to validate their expres?sion. Results Clean tags were obtained from both GS group (n=2 215 832) and GP group (n=1 424 770). A total of 17 mi?croRNAs were differentially expressed between GS and GP groups with statistical significance, among which 9 were up-regu?lated and 8 were down-regulated in GS group compared to those in GP group. GO (Gene ocology) analysis showed that target genes were enriched in ion binding and transport, apolipoprotein binding, calcium channel activity, protein kinase activity, steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism. KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)analysis is shown for the target genes enriched in cancer related pathways, including WNT, HIPPO pathways. qRT-PCR validation of some differen?tially expressed miRNAs confirmed the result of high-throughput data analysis. Conclusion The differential expression levels of microRNAs may play an important role in occurrence and development of gallbladder stones.

Objective To investigate the association between the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-or (PPARα) polymorphism rs1800206 (c.484C ＞ G,L162V) and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MES)Methods There were 1184 subjects aged 40-60 years recruited from our hospital between March 2010 and March 2011.The PPARα polymorphism 484C ＞ G was genotyped using TAQMAN assay by real-time PCR. The relationship between PPARα polymorphism and MES risk were investigated.Results The genotype frequencies were 91.4％,8.4％ and 0.2％ for the PPARα CC,CG and GG,respectively.This SNP was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P =0.845).Compared with the most common CC genotype,the variant genotypes(CG + GG) had higher fasting glucose((5.82 ± 1.59) mmol/L vs (5.49 ± 1.17) mmol/L,t =2.630,P =0.009) and LDL-C levels((3.53 ± 1.03) mmol/L vs (3.36 ± 0.65) mmol/L,t =2.376,P =0.018) and lower HDL-C levels ((1.56 ± 0.35) mmol/L vs (1.65 ± 0.43) mmol/L,t =2.430,P =0.015).Furthermore,the 484G variant genotypes(CG + GG)was associated with the risk of MES after adjusting for age,gender,education,BMI and lifestyle (smoking and alcohol status) (adjusted OR =1.89 ;95％ CI =1.09-3.23,P =0.012).Condusion PPARα polymorphism rs1800206 is a significant independent predictor of the MES in Southern Chinese.

砄bjective: To establish PTEN gene transfected mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line. Methods: Wild type PTEN gene was transducted into a highly metastatic mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line by using lipofectamine. The positively transfected cell clones were selected with puromycin. The expression of PTEN protein in the cells was determined by western blot and immunohistochemical methods. Results: An anti puromycin cell clone was obtained and expanded in culture. Western blot and immunohistochemical staining revealed that the PTEN protien was expressed in the transfected cells. The cells were named M 3SP 2 PTEN. Conclusion: M 3SP 2 PTEN is a cell line expressing exogenous PTEN protein.

?Objective:To study the effects of Docetaxel on the proliferation and metastatic potential of mucoepidermoid carcinoma M 3SP 4 cells in vitro and in vivo . Methods:Inhibitory effects of Docetaxel on the proliferation and metastatic potential of mucoepidermoid carcinoma M 3SP 4 cells were investigated with cell counting,cloning assay flow cytometry, tail vein injection and submandibular gland injection of the cells into nude mice. Results:Docetaxel inhibited M 3SP 4 cells growth in a dose and time dependent way. The IC 30 and IC 50 (with 72 h exposure) of Docetaxel were 0.34 nmol/L and 0.63 nmol/L, respectively; the doubling time(h) of the cells treated with the drug at IC 30 for 7 days and of the control were 32.7 h, 43 h, respectively; the clonogenesity(%) of the control and of the cells treated with Docetaxel ( 0.05 nmol/Lor 0.1 nmol/L)were (29.2?1.4)% and (20.2?0.8)% and (2.8?0.4)%, respectively; the number of metastatic foci on lung surface in the nude mice treated with the drug at 30 mg/kg?week and in the controls were 0 and 11?3.4; the weight(g) of submandibular gland in the two groups were 0.31?0.05 and 1.20?0.23 respectively. Conclusion:Docetaxel may inhibit the proliferation and metastatic potential of mucoepidermoid carcinoma M 3SP 4 cells.

Objective: To establish a metastatic cell line from distant organ metastasis using Mc3 cell line in nude mice. Methods: Tail vein injection of Mc3 cells and cell culture technic were employed to induce metastasis in distant organ . Cell counting and flow cytometry were used to study the cell growth. Karyotype analysis and histopathological observation were used to study the morphological features with light and electron microscopy. Results: Paralized nude mouse was observed in 1 out of 50 experimental nude mice. The cells derived from the spinal cord were cultured and transferred for more than 50 passages. The cells were proved to be of mucoepidermoid carcinoma from human being by the morphology, histopathology and karyotype of the cells. The population doubling time and S-phase cell of the cells were 43 h and 22.7% respectively. The cell line was named Ms. Conclusion: Ms is a metastatic cell line of spinal cord metastasis in nude mouse derived from human mucoepidermoid cacinoma cells.

Objeact:To evaluate the effects of the exogenous PTEN gene on morphology of the highly metastatic mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line M3SP2. Methods: Morphological observation of vehicle transfected M3SP2-pBp cells and PTEN transfected M3SP2-PTEN cells was performed with inverted microscope, HE staining and optical microscope, scanning electronic microscope and transmisson electronic microscope. Results: Compared with the control cells of M3SP2-pBp, the exogenous PTEN expressing cells M3SP2-PTEN showed morphological changes, such as vacuole denaturalization, shrinkage, less microvillus, chondriosome swelling, lysosome amalgamation, and chromatin agglutination. Conclusion: The exogenous PTEN gene may induce denaturalization, necrosis, and apoptosis of the highly metastatic mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells.