Substantial evidence supports the relationship between chronic inflammation and cancer development. Numerous studies suggest that chronic inflammatory disease, such as periodontitis, contributes to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma development. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor in the oral and maxillofacial regions. Porphyromonas gingivalis, one of the most important pathogens in association with periodontal disease, might have a potential correlation with OSCC. Along with the development of molecular biological techniques, the association between Porphyromonas gingivalis and OSCC has been greatly emphasized in recent years. This review summarizes the association between these variables and the potential mechanisms involved in such relationship.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms ; pathology ; Periodontal Diseases ; Periodontitis ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; Research

Biological agents has opened a new chapter in the targeted therapy of rheumatism,and provides a new choice for the rheumatism children who is refractory to traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.This article described the classification,application,efficency,side effects and precautions of the cytokines antagonists and the cell targeting biological agents,to provide a reference for rational application in clinical work.

Objective To investigate the changes of the anion gap(AG)in the premature suffered from hyperbilirubinemia,to provide the basis for treatment.Methods The serum electrolyte,the renal function and the liver function in 94 premature babies suffered from hyperbilirubinemia were tested,and then calculated the value of AG,while the arterial blood gas analyses were done in 36 cases.Results 44 cases had high AG(46.81％),44 cases had normal AG(46.81％)and 6 cases had low AG(6.38％).The increase of AG was directly proportional to the concentration of Na+in blood,while was inversely proportion to the concentration of HCO3-.There was no close relationship between the AG and BUN,Scr in the serum.Conclusion The incidence rate of metabolic acidosis poisoning was high in premature suffered from hyperbilirubinemia with high AG,so the routine test of blood electrolyte,renal function and arterial blood gas should be done.Calculate the value of AG to guide the treatment,and to avoid correcting the acid by the alkali blindly.

Objective:To get the basic situation of the list of low-price medicines and their sales in Tianjin to pro-vide future policy reference. Methods:The low-price medicine list was analyzed through different principles of classifica-tion including the National Essential medicine List ( NEML) , National Reimbursement medicine List ( NRML) and exclu-sive production. The study analyzed the sales status of the low-price medicines in the Tianjin from 2008 to 2011 using the Tianjin Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) database. Results:19 classes of chemical medicines and eight classes of traditional Chinese Medicine are included in the low-price medicine list. All of the medicines in the low-price list come from the NRML, and the replication ratio between the NEML and the low-price medicine list is 54. 1%. There are 41 exclusive productions and 149 exclusive formulation productions. From 2008 to 2011, the average ratio of the chemi-cal low-price medicines and traditional Chinese Medicine sales to total medicines sales are 4. 7% and 11. 0%, respective-ly. Both national essential medicines and exclusive formulation production sales ratios are increasing, however the sales ra-tio of exclusive production decreased from 2008 to 2011. Conclusion:The government should pay greater attention to the supply and production of the list’s exclusive production. The sales ratio of low-price medicines to total medicines sales is much lower in the retail pharmacies and tertiary medical institutions than other medical institutions. Suggestions:The gov-ernment should practice the shortage report system of common low-price medicine as soon as possible, with efforts made to implement the global budgeting policy and encourage sales enthusiasm for low-price medicines in retail pharmacies.

Objective To summary clinical experience of laparoscopic treatment of cholecystitis with cholecystolithiasis complicated,in order to provide reference for clinical difficult laparosco-pic resection of gallbladder.Methods Reviewing the operation treatment of laparoscopic cholecystectomy on 94 complex cases of resection during January 2008 to December 2014.Results The 94 patients included 17 cases with severe adhesion around gallbladder,9 cases with gallbladder atrophy,39 cases with gallbladder ampulla and cystic duct stone incarceration,11 cases with acute gangrenous cholecystitis with gallbladder stones,14 cases with gallbladder triangle anatomy is not clearing and 19 cases with gallbladder stones with schistosomial cirrhosis or liver volume variation.Some cases were with the two or more kinds gallbladder stone.There were 91 cases with successful implementation of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy,4 of 91 cases were treated with subtotal cholecystectomy,and 3 cases were converted to open cholecystectomy.There were no cases with serious complications or even deaths.Conclusion Regarding of the complex gallbladder stones appear different situation in operation,we can complete the operation by using different operation method and treatment method in laparoscopic.

Spatial statistics plays an important role in spatial epidemiology studies of echinococcosis .Spatial statistics can be used to describe the spatial distribution ,predict the prevalence ,identify disease clusters ,and analyze the influencing factors of echinococcosis .To describe spatial distribution and predict the prevalence ,we can use spatial interpolation ,empirical bayes smoothing and ellipsoidal gradient .Spatial autocorrelation always used to identify disease clusters .Moran's I value ,Getis'G val‐ue and spatial scan statistics are used to judge spatial autocorrelation .Molding plays an important role on analyzing risk factors of echinococcosis .Generalised linear mixed models and Bayesian model are always performed with both spatial factors ,such as geomorphologic features ,climatic characteristics ,vegetation index and factors which make great effect on disease transmission . To figure out the spatial distribution of echinococcosis is significant for echinococcosis control and prevention .

Objective To analyze the clinical effect and safety of cortical bone decortication combined locking plate fixation for treatment of long bone nonunion of limbs. Methods Eighty patients with long bone nonunion of limbs who were treated in the Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University from Jun. 2010 to Jun. 2013 were selected as our subjects and their clinical data were recorded. According to different treatment methods,the patients were divided into control group and observation group,and each group with 40 cases. Patients in observation group were treated with cortical bone decortication combined locking plate fixation, while in control group were treated with locking plate combined slotted bone graft. Clinical effects and safety of two groups were compared. Results Excellent and good rate in observation group was 100%(40/40),obviously higher than that of control group(90. 0%(36/40);χ2 =4. 21,P﹤0. 05). Bleeding amount during operation in observation group was(370. 5 ± 56. 5)ml,obviously less than that of control group((486. 5 ± 64. 5)ml;t=8. 56,P﹤0. 01). And the fracture healing time was(5. 6 ± 1. 2)months in observation group,shorter than control group((7. 2 ± 1. 5)months;t =5. 27,P ﹤0. 01). The postoperative complication occurrence rate was 5. 0%(2/40),significantly lower than control group(20. 0%(8/40);χ2 =4. 11,P ﹤0. 05). Conclusion Cortical bone decortication combined locking plate fixation for treatment of long bone nonunion of limbs is safe and effective,and it can reduce operation injury and accelerate postoperative healing of fracture.

With the development of modem technology,more and more plastic products are widely used in various fields,while bringing significant convenience to the society,it also leads to more and more environmental estrogen.The influence of plasticizer is increasing,especially on the development of children.Extensive contacting with plasticizer is considered to be closely related with gonadal digenesis,obesity and other problems in children.This review focuses on the latest research results about the basic and clinical experiments of Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP),which illuminate the effects of DEHP on children's growth and metabolism,and lay foundations for rational clinical intervention and scientific plasticizer's application.

Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Risk Factors

Objective To investigate awareness of knowledge about iron deficiency anemia (IDA)in patients with it.Methods Patients diagnosed as IDA at their initial visits to Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical School were randomly selected for the study during January 2008 to January 2009 with self-designed questionnaire to investigate their awareness of knowledge about IDA.Results Among 199 patients with IDA investigated, their awareness was lower in general, five percent about its etiologies, 34.2 percent about its clinical manifestations, 18.1 percent about its hazard to health, and two percent about food abundant of iron.For preventive measures of IDA, 50.7 percent (101/199) of them knew that daily diet should be diversified and 43.7 percent (87/199) knew that meals should be prepared with ferric cooking pot.Awareness of knowledge about other preventive measures of IDA was lower in them.No significant difference in awareness of IDA-related knowledge between them at varied ages was found, except for knowledge about etiology and hazard of IDA.Awareness of etiology of IDA differed between them at varied ages (P ＜0.05), and about 75.3 percent (64/85)of patients with IDA aged 30 -45 years were caused by chronic blood loss.There was no significant difference in awareness of IDA-related knowledge between patients with IDA caused by varied etiologies (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions In general, awareness of IDA-related knowledge was lower in patients with IDA.It is necessary to strengthen its popularization, with varied focuses in preventive measures for IDA patients with different etiologies.