AIM: To establish an identification method of Fritillaria based on near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(NIRDRS). METHODS: Seven certified Fritillaria,i.e.,F.przewalskii Matim,F.cirrhosa D.Don,F.unibraacteate Hsiaaoet.K.C.Hsia,F.thunbergii Mig,F.pallidiflora,F.ussuriensis Matin and F.kupehensis Hsiaet K.C.Hsia,and three fake "Fritillaria",i.e.,F.thunbergii Varchekiugensis Hsiaet K.C.Hsia,Tulipa edulis and Iphigeniaindica were dried,grinded and sieved before their NIRDRS spectra were detected.Cluster analysis,convolution transform-visualization-similarity analysis were further employed to(identify) the NIRDRS of the ten herbal medicines. RESULTS: The zero-order NIRDRS spectra of the ten herbal medicines were too similar to be identified respectively.The cluster analysis helped differentiate the three fake "Fritillaria" from seven certified Fritillaria,but the identification between the certified Fritillaria remained dissatisfactory.The convolution transform-visualization-similarity analysis magnified and then quantified the minute differences between the certified Fritillaria,which significantly improved their identification. CONCLUSION: NIRDRS is a direct,non-destructive analytical method of solid samples.Coupled with information treatment techniques,DIRDRS provides a new identification method of crude traditional Chinese medicines.

Effect of ginsenoside total saponin (GTS) on the regulation of P450 of livers of rats after γ-ray irradiation was studied. Rats were irradiated by the ⁶⁰Coγ-ray for one-time dose of 5.5 Gy, dose rate of 117.1-119.2 cGy. The cocktail probe, qPCR and Western blot were used to detect expression of enzymatic activites, mRNA and protein of rats. Contrasted with blank group, expression of CYP1A2, 2B1, 2E1, 3A4 of irradiation group showed a up-regulated (P < 0.05). Contrasted with irradiation group, exprression of CYP1A2, 2B1, 2E1, 3A4 of GTS group showed a downward trend. GTS had negative agonistic action against expression of P450 of rats by irradiatied.
Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gamma Rays ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; radiation effects ; Male ; Microsomes, Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Panax ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective:To explore the application effect of action learning for nursing ethic teaching in operating room.Methods:Total 94 nursing students were divided into two groups to compare the testing scores and the inci-dence of hidden security events .The control group underwent the traditional teaching method , and the experimental group taken Action learning .Results:The testing scores and the accurate rates of case analysis problem of the ex-perimental group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).While the rate of hidden danger events of the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P <0 .05 ) .Conclusion: Action learning can stimulate students′learning potential , improve the effect of learning , and reduce the incidence of secu-rity events.

Objective To investigate the function of metalloproteinase 2 (MMP 2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP 2) in neonatal acute lung injury(ALI) caused by LPS in rats. Methods Eighty eight newborn rats of 7 days were randomly divided into eight groups: control, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 16 h, 24 h after LPS was injected. The changes of lung pathology in newborn rats were observed and the changes of MMP 2 and TIMP 2 expression were measured by immunohistochemistry and RT PCR. Results Pulmonary hemorrhage was seen in newborn rats caused by LPS. The expression of MMP 2 mRNA and protein were 0.523?0.030 and 126.20?17.98; The expression of MMP 2 mRNA increased and the highest level was at 4 h(0.826?0.567, t=3.77, P

Objective To observe the effects of ketamine on the patients with depression re-ceiving modified electric conulsive therapy (MECT).Methods Sixty patients with depression were randomly divided into ketamine group and propofol group (n =30 each group).Atropine 0.5-1.0 mg, propofol 1.0 mg/kg or ketamine 0.8 mg/kg i.v.were given before MECT,Scoline 0.7-1.0 mg/kg i. v.was given after the eyelash reflex disappeared.Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)was completed after the 2 nd ,4 th and 6 th MECT,the time of convulsion,twitch index,energy percentage, respiratory recovery time and adverse reactions were recorded.Results The total score of HAMD was significantly decreased with the increasing times of MECT in both groups,compared with propo-fol group,ketamine group's HAMD total score decreased faster,especially after the 4th MECT,the score decreased significantly in ketamine group (P <0.05).The time of convulsion,twitch index,en-ergy percentage, respiratory recovery time, adverse reactions all had no statistical significance between the two groups.Conclusion Compered with propofol,ketamine,as an anesthetic of MECT, can effectively lower the score of HAMD.

Objective To study the incidence and distribution features of spontaneous decrease of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level and its correlative factors in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.Methods The incidence,demographic features and distribution of different clinical types of spontaneous decrease of HBV DNA were investigated with clinical epidemiological study in 315 CHB or live cirrhosis (LC) patients.The correlative factors of spontaneous decrease of HBV DNA were analyzed by Logistic regression methods.Results Among the 315 patients,171 patients (54.3%) underwent spontaneous decrease of HBV DNA within 12 weeks,of which 61 patients (19.4%) had undeteetable HBV DNA (＜3 lg copy/mL).The stratified study showed that the incidence of spontaneous decrease of HBV DNA in young patients was 58.6% (116/198 cases),which was higher than that (25.0%,2/8 cases) in juvenile patients (X2 = 2.956,P=0.048).The incidence of decrease in relatively more severe patients was higher than that in relatively less severe patients (all X2 in significant groups＞3.84,all P＜0.05),and the highest incidence was 78.7% (48/61 cases) in patients with chronic severe hepatitis B.The incidence of spontaneous decrease of HBV DNA in hepatitis E virus (HEV)/HBV coinfected patients was 75.0% (21/28 cases),which was higher than that (51.8%,146/282 cases) in single HBV-infected patients (X2 =5.530,P=0.019).The incidence of spontaneous decrease of HBV DNA in patients with alanire aminotransferase (ALT)＞400 U/L was 61.8%(102/165 cases),which was higher than that (46.0%,69/150 cases) in patients with ALT≤400 U/L (X2 =7.922,P=0.005).The incidence of spontaneous decrease of HBV DNA in patients with TBil＞200 μmol/L was 68.7% (79/115 cases),which was higher than that (46.0%,92/200 cases) in patients with TBil≤200 μmol/L (X2 = 15.155,P=0.000).The multivariate Logistic analysis demonstrated that chronic severe hepatitis B,ALT＞ 400 U/L and TBil＞ 200 μmol/L were the correlative factors with spontaneous decrease of HBV DNA in CHB or LC patients (all OR＞1,all P＜0.05).Conclusions The spontaneous decrease of HBV DNA level is a common phenomenon during the natural course (immune clearance phase) of CHB or LC patients.Patients with sever conditions,elevated levels of ALT and total bilirubin (TBil) tend to develop spontaneous decrease of HBV DNA.

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors associated with macrovascular disease in patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes. MethodsAccording to arterial intima-media thickness(IMT)measured by color duplex ultrasonography,232 cases of newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were divided into two groups:one group were 95 cases with macrovascular disease(MD),and the other group were 137 cases without macrovascular disease (non-MD).Then various clinical data between the two groups were compared and the correlated risk factors for macrovascular disease were analyzed. Results (1)95 patients(40.9%)showed macrovascular disease in 232 patients.(2)Age,BMI,SI,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,TC,LDL-C,CRP and 24h UmAlb were significantly higher in MD group compared with those in non-MD group(all P＜0.05);But ISI was significantly lower in MD group compared with that in non-MD group(P＜0.05).(3)Pearson correlation analysis showed that risk factors were old age,BMI,smoking,higher systolic blood pressure,higher diastolic blood pressure,TC,LDL-C,CRP and microalbuminuria. ConclusionMacrovascular disease was related to many factors.It was important to control some risk factors earlier for preventing the happening and progress of macrovascular disease.

Objective To investigate the effect of simulated microgravity on the proliferation and differentiation of the human megakaryocyte cells in vitro. Methods The fourth generation rotating cell culture system (RCCS-4) was used to generate the simulated microgravity environment. The cell viability was assessed by trypan blue staining method. The proliferation of cells was assessed by cell counting method and CCK8 method. The CD41+/CD61+ cells rate and the cells cycle were detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of thrombopoietin receptor (c-mpl) and transcription factors were detected with RT-PCR. Results After 24, 48, 72 h, culture under simulated microgravity resulted in a significant decrease in the cell number , proliferative activity, cells in the G2/M phase and levels of c-mpl mRNA expression in comparison with that under the normal gravity (P < 0.05). After 48 h and 72 h culture, CD41+/CD61+ cells ratio decreased and RUNX-1 mRNA expression was down-regulated in cells of the group SMG compared with that of the group NG (P < 0.05). Conclusion Microgravity can inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of human megakaryocyte cells in vitro. The mechanism may be that TPO/c-mpl pathway was inhibited by down regulating the expression of c-mpl which transcriptional inhibition lead to.

Objective Objective To investigate the relationship between choroidopathy and integrated backscatter(IBS) of choroid in diabetes mellitus(DM) patients.Methods Eighty DM patients of 158 eyes were divided into 3 groups by the course of diabetic retinopathy(DR)-DM patients without DR group,DM patients with the background DR,DM patients with the proliferative DR.80 normal persons of 160 eyes were the control group.Their IBS values were measured on nose side,temple side and middle side of choroid by HP Sonos 5500,and the correction IBS values(IBS％) were calculated.Results With the deterioration of DR,the IBS and IBS％ of choroid increased.The statistical significance difference were found in various groups(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions With the deterioration of diabetic choroidopathy,the IBS and IBS％ increased.The IBS technique is useful method to assess the diabetic choroidopathy.

Objective:The occurrence of numerous tumors, particularly classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (CHL), is related with Ep-stein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. However, the incidence of CHL and its association with EBV varies significantly with ethnicity, geo-graphic location, sex, and age. This study investigated the association of EBV infection with CHL in Northern Chinese Han population. Methods:EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) was detected in 136 cases of CHL through in situ hybridization. Results:A total of 37 cas-es were EBER positive (28%). The mixed cellularity (MC) subtype had the highest positive EBER rate of 49%(23/47;P<0.001), fol-lowed by lymphocyte-rich subtype with 30%(3/10), nodular sclerosis (NS) subtype with 14%(10/73), and 1ymphocyte depletion with 0%(0/2). Our study identified a single age distribution in the third decade. Moreover, NS subtype showed an evident single peak in the third decade. However, MC subtype had a lower peak in the fifth decade. The incidence of EBER showed a bimodal age distribution with two peaks in the first and fifth decades (21.6%and 24.3%, respectively). Conclusion:CHL in Northern Chinese Han population was associated with EBV infection, particularly the MC subtype.