Anthropometry ; methods ; Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis

Objective To observe the protective effect of 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid(11,12-EET)on immature isolated rabbit hearts.Methods Forty-eight isolated immature rabbit hearts were randomly assigned to two groups: Control group,the hearts were arrested with St.Thomas No.2 solution and stored in the same solution ( n =24);EET group,the hearts were arrested with St.Thomas No.2 plus 11,12-EET solution and stored in the same solution ( n =24). All rabbit hearts were stored for 8,16 and 24 h with 4 ℃ hypothetmia, and underwent 30 min reperfusion ( 37 ℃ ). On the Langendorff perfusion apparatus,left ventricle developed pressure (LVDP),left ventricle end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP),+dp/pt max ,coronary blood effluent (CBE) and arrhythmias score were measured before and after ischemia. Myocardial water content,the value of creatine kinase (CK) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were also measured,and myocardial ultrastructure observed. Results Postischemic recovery of myocardial function and myocardial edema were significantly better in EET group at different time points. The changes of arrhythmias score,CK,LDH and myocardial ultrastructure in EET group were superior to those in control group. After the hearts were preserved for 16 h ,the recovery of myocardial function and arrhythmias score in EET group were basically close to the measured values before heart preservation,while those in control group were significantly decreased. After the hearts were stored for 24 h ,all hearts in EET group beated again during reperfusion,but 5 hearts in control group could not beat anymore.Conclusion Addition of 11,12-EET into the St.Thomas No.2 cardioplegic solution could prolong the storage time and enhance the myocardial protective effect to the isolated immature hearts.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of 11,12-EET(11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid)on myocardium of immature rabbit hearts from ischemic reperfusion injury. Methods: 16 isolated immature rabbit hearts were performed to ischemic reperfusion model in a Langendorff perfusion apparatus and randomlyassigned to on two groups. Control group, the hearts were arrested with St.Thomas No.2 solution and stored in the same solution (n=8). EET group, the hearts were arrested with St.Thomas No.2 plus 11,12-EET solution and stored in the same solution (n=8). These isolated rabbit hearts were stored for 8 hours at 4℃ hypothermia , and underwent 30 minutes of reperfusion (37℃). We measured the preischemia and postreperfusion indexes of left ventricle developed pressure (LVDP), left ventricle end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), ?dp/pt_ max , myocardial water content (MWC), coronary blood effluent (CBE) and arrhythmia score (AS). The myocardial ultrastructure and value of creatine kinase (CK) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were also observed. Results: (1) After 30 minutes reperfusion, the indexes of CK, LDH, CBE, AS,and the recovery rate of heart function were significantly better in EET group compared with controls. At the same time, no ultrastructural changes were found in the EET group while the capillary endothelial base membrane edema and mitochondrion edema was observed in the control group. (2) In EET group, compared with preischemia, there were no significantly changes of myocardial function at the end of 30-minutes reperfusion. Conclusion: These data suggest that 11,12-EET add to the St.Thomas No.2 solution could offer more little myocardial injury and little arrhythmia and provide better preservation of the isolated immature hearts.

Objective To summarize the experience on imaging diagnosis and surgical treatment for popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES). Methods From 2004 to 2010, 11 patients (12 limbs) diagnosed as PAES by CTA and MR ( A) underwent surgery. There were 11 patients with a mean age of (28 ±19) years, eight patients were male, three patients were female. Two patients were found to have bilateral involvement. Intermittent claudication was the most frequent presenting symptom. Six limbs were type Ⅰ , three limbs were type Ⅱ , three limbs were type Ⅲ , one limb was type Ⅳ. The preoperative mean ABI was 0.47 ± 0. 27. Results Popliteal artery exploration surgery or peripopliteal artery lysis was performed in 12 limbs, and this procedure was combined with a great saphenous vein bypass graft in seven limb because of arterial occlusion or aneurysm. After a median follow-up of ( 19 ± 20) months (0 month to 6 years) , the mean ABI improved to 0. 81 ±0. 30, which was significantly higher than that of preoperation( P ＜ 0.05),one patient died of pulmonary embolism one day after operation, one patient (one limb) had popliteal artery thrombosis after operation. Intermittent claudication symptoms disappeared in all other patients. Conclusions Timely imaging diagnosis and surgical intervention is very important for patients of PAES.

Objective To report deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after greater saphenous vein ligation and stripping and to evaluate diagnosis,treatment and prophylaxis. Methods The clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of 12 inpatients with postoperative DVT were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of these 12 cases there were 7 cases of central type DVT,2 cases of peripheral DVT,and 3 cases of mixed type DVT.Secondary pulmonary embolism was complicated in 2 cases.Clinical symptoms in these 10 cases of proximal DVT were all severe.Catheter-directed thrombolysis(CDT) through the ipsilateral popliteal vein with protective(IV)CF was applied for these 10 cases.Of 10 cases,femoral vein was found ligated in 1 case,which was repaired under open surgery. Residual greater saphenous vein thrombus extending into deep vein was proved and managed by successful thrombolectomy in one case.Cockett syndrome were found as the causes in the other 8 cases,6 cases were treated with balloon dilatation angioplasty and endovascular stenting of the iliac vein.The 2 cases of with distal DVT were treated by anticoagulation therapy.All patients were cured. Conclusions Cockett syndrome,femoral vein injury and too long residual greater saphenous vein are common causes of DVT after greater saphenous vein ligation and tripping.Careful selection of cases,correct diagnosis,standard operative manipulation,early ambulation were all important in the prevention of DVT after great saphenous vein varix procedure.

This paper was aim to optimize the purification technology of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata extract with macroporous adsorption resin. With the content of manninotriose as index, the absorptive flow and time were investigated, as well as kinds, amount, flow of eluent. D-101 type macroporous adsorption resin was the best choice for the purification of manninotriose. The optimized parameters were as follows: the content of manninotriose at 161.16-53.72 mg x g(-1), absorption time 240 min, eluting solvent of purified water, volume flow at 1.5 BV x h(-1), and eluant volume at 6 BV. D-101 type macroporous adsorption resin could significantly increase the purity of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata extract with the advantage of high absorption, remove most part of impurity, and the effect of semi-works production was better.
Adsorption ; Chemical Fractionation ; Chromatography, Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Rehmannia ; chemistry ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry

AIM: To investigate the incidence of trachoma in children aged 1 to 9y in Hainan Province and determine high-risk trachoma endemic and non-endemic areas in Hainan, and thus provide evidence for developing trachoma control and prevention therapy.METHODS:The areas of investigation were chosen on the basis of past literatures, expert interviews and survey on the spot.In 2013, Hainan Provincial Office of Blindness Prevention carried out the survey in 7 counties including Dongfang City, Wuzhishan City, Ledong County, Baisha County, Baoting County, Lingao County and Changjiang County.In these districts, 356 pupils including 192 boys and 164 girls were examined, their age ranging from 1 to 9 and their average age being 7 years old.The targeted students received the trachoma rapid assessment by the adoption of simplified trachoma classification system which was recommended by the World Health Organization.RESULTS: No case of active trachoma was found among the 356 students.CONCLUSION:The prevalence rate of trachoma in children under 9 years is less than 5% in Hainan Province.Active trachoma is not a public health issue in Hainan Province.

Odor and taste are characteristic properties of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). They are closely related to the chemical compositions in TCM. They are also the outer reflection of TCM quality and an important part of the character identification. This article reviewed the current research on odor and taste identification of TCM, which indicated that odor and taste identification had not been paid enough attention to and its research lagged behind modern social development. Based on current analytical techniques and methods, this article proposed a new idea for odor and taste identification of TCM. The idea emphasized the objectification of odor and taste and TCM identification research should be combined with chemical components analysis.

Objective To express the plasminogen activator(Pla) of Yersinia pestis and one of its gene fragments,and to detect their immunological reactivity.Methods The pla gene and its specific gene fragment pla-c were amplified by PCR using the EV76 strain as a template.PCR products were then ligated with the plasmid pET32a (+).The recombinant plasmids pET32a (+)-pla and pET32a (+)-pla-c were subsequently trausformed into E.coli BL21 (DE3).The expressed products were purified by HIS affinity chromatography,and their immunological reactivity was detected by Western blotting.Results The recombinant Pla(52.8 × 103) was expressed as inclusion bodies,and the recombinant Pla-c protein (24.0 × 103) was expressed in the soluble form.These two recombinant proteins reacted with anti-Yersinia pestis EV76 rabbit sera.Conclusions The recombinant Pla and its specific fragments have displayed immunological reactivity,and can be served as an alternative diagnosis method for Yersinia pestis.

AIM: To study apoptosis and bcl-2 mRNA gene expression of cardiomyocytes in donor hearts of immature rabbits underwent prolonged protection by 11, 12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (11, 12-EET), and further probe into the possible mechanisms. METHODS: 24 isolated immature rabbit hearts were performed to the model in a Langendorff perfusion apparatus and randomly assigned to normal control group,ST control group and EET group. The isolated rabbit hearts in ST control group and EET group were stored for 24 hours with 4 ℃ hypothermia, and underwent 30 minutes of reperfusion (37 ℃). TUNEL and in situ hybridization (ISH) methods were applied in the present study and apoptotic cells and bcl-2 mRNA gene expression were observed. RESULTS: The numbers of apoptotic cardiomyocytes in ST group and EET group were higher than that in normal control group, and the numbers of apoptotic cardiomyocytes were significantly decreased in EET group and bcl-2 mRNA positive expression were higher than that in ST control group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There were apoptosis during the prolonged protection of donor heart in our study, and we proved that: ①11,12-EET could decrease cardiomyocyte apoptosis significantly. ②Up-regulation of the bcl-2 mRNA expression in cardiomyocytes may be one of the mechanism responsible for inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis by 11, 12-EET.