Objective To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the outcome in rats with sepsis. Methods Male SD rats, aged 10-14 weeks, weighing 260-390 g, were used in this study. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Ninety rats of successful sepsis model were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 30 each) : control group (group C), midasolam group (group M) and dexmedetomidine group (group D). In group C, M and D, normal saline at a rate of 1 ml/h, midazolam at a rate of 0.6 mg·kg-1·h-1 and dexmedetomidine at a rate of 5 μg·kg-1·h-1 were infused iv for 8 h after operation respectively. Ten rats of each group were selected for observation of the survival condition during 24 h after operation. Another 10 rats of each group were selected and blood samples were taken from carotid artery before operation and at 2, 4 and 5 h after operation for measurement of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 by ELISA. The remaining 10 rats of each group were selected at 8 h after operation for determination of the renal function. The rats still alive after the determination of cytokines and renal function were killed and spleen tissues were taken for determination of the expression of caspase-3 and ubiquitin by Western blot. Results Compared with group C, the plasma concentration of TNF-α and fractional excretion of sodium (FENa+) were significantly decreased, caspase-3 expression in spleen tissues was down-regulated and abiquitin expression in spleen tissues was up-regulated in group M and D ( P < 0.05), while there were no significant differences in plasma concentration of IL-6 and creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) at 8 h after operation between group M and C and between group D and C ( P > 0.05). The plasma concentration of TNF-α was significantly lower in group D than in group M ( P < 0.05), while there were no significant differences in plasma concentration of IL-6, FE Na+ , Ccr and expression of caspase-3 and ubiquitin in splen tissues between group D and M ( P>0.05). The survival rates during 24 h after operation were 10%, 80% and 90% in group C, M and D respectively. The survival rates during 24 h after operation were signifrcantly higher in group M and D than in group C ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can raise the survival rate during sepsis.

AIM:To investigate the effects of a novel thiazolidinedione ANY2 on glycometabolism in HepG2 cells.METHODS:HepG2 cells are exposed to high concentrations of insulin for 24 h to build the model of insulin-resistance(IR-HepG2).The effects of ANY2,including glucose consumption(GC),gluconeogenesis and glucolysis were tested in this model.RESULTS:ANY2 could dose-dependently enhance GC in IR-HepG2 cells at high,medium and low levels of glucose.Compared with Modle Group,ANY2 increased IR-HepG2 cells glycogen synthesis significantly only in high dose group.It inhibited gluconeogenesis from lactic acid,but increased the production of lactic acid and the activity of pyruvate kinase(PK)in glucolysis.CONCLUSION:Compound ANY2 has remarkable effects on improving glycometabolism in IR-HepG2 cells.

The correlation between lipids and stroke is complex. The levels of serum total cholesterol can increase the risk of stroke no matter it is too high or too low. Low-density lipoprotein is the risk factor of atherosclerotic stroke, while high-density lipoprotein is its protective factor. Triglyceride is closely associated with ischemic stroke. This article reviews the relationship between lipids and stroke, as well as the role of lipid-modulating therapy in the prevention and treatment of stroke.

Objective To morphologically observe the changes of cornea tissue a long period after myopic LASIK with confocal microscopy. Methods 34 patients (68 eyes) from April 1999 to July 2004, who had undertook LASIK in our Hospital, were involved in present study. The confocal microscopy was employed to examine the changes of cornea tissue. The average spherical equivalence was -6.81?2.88D (ranged from -3.0 to -16D). The average age of the patients was 24.17?5.93 (ranged from 18 to 42). The average follow-up time was 39?3 months (ranged from 6 to 73 months). Results The Micro-folds at the Bowman's layer were found in 68 eyes (100%), as well as variously reflectivity particles located at the interface in all eyes examined after operation. The density of high reflective particles did not decrease significantly with time. In the middle stroma, the mean depth of acellular area was 44.01?10.67?m in all 68 eyes (100%). The appearance of morphology of subbasel corneal nerve fiber bundles after operation recovered. Conclusions Morphologic changes were found in central cornea. Acellular area, micro-folds as well as variously reflectivity particles located at the interface in all eyes existed in the central cornea for long time.

Objective To investigate the effect of specialized human tel omerase antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides (AS-ODN) on the growth inhibition o f well, moderate and poor differentiated gastric cancer cell lines, and to explore its inhibitory mechanism and the correlation between the inhibition ratio of gastric cancer cells and differentiation of the tumor cells. Methods Under the given circumstances, three distinct differentiated gastric cancer cell lines were treated with AS-ODN. The telomerase a ctivities were measured by modified telomeric repeat amplification protocal assa y. The cell viability was detected by Trypan blue test, and the cell apoptosis was determined by cell morphological observation under light and electromicroscope, flow cytometry an d TUNEL assay. Results The telomerase activity and cell growth were apparently suppressed in MK N45 and SGC7901 cells, under defined concentrations of AS-ODN. Whilst, in MKN28 cells, only telomerase activity was suppressed at same concentration . There were no obvious changes in non-antisense oligomers treated group. The apoptotic features of MKN45 and SGC7901 were noticed by microscopic observa tion, TUNEL assay, after three distinct gastric cancer cell lines being continuo usly exposed to 10 ?mol/L AS-ODN for 96 h. Furthermore, the flow cytometric analy sis verified that the average apoptotic rate of MKN45 and SGC7901 was 44.75% and 33.56% respectively, but there were no obvious changes in non-antisense oli gomers treated group (P

The overexpression of P-glycoprotein(P-gp)and its coding gene mdrl is regarded as the classic mechanism of muhidrug resistance(MDR).Recent studies find that pregnane X receptor(PXR)can mediate the expression of P-gp.It is confirmed that PXR can also inhibit apoptosis of tumor cells.Therefore,preventing the activation of PXR specifically may be a new method to prevent MDR.

Objective To compare Th1/Th2 drift situation in patients with lymphoma with that in patients with solid tumors, and establish the effective immune function detectable criterion of lymphoma in biological treatment process. Methods The whole blood samples of 10 patients with lymphoma, 202 patients with solid tumors including 36 patients with upper digestive tract cancer, 64 colorectal cancer, 43 lung cancer and 20 the other malignancies, and 30 healthy persons as controls were collected. Stimulation agent was used to stimulate the cells in order to increase cell factor expression and fluorescent labeled specific anti-cytokine monoclonal antibody was used to bind with specific antigen. The expression of specific cytokines was detected by flow cytometry. Results Positive percentages of IFN- γ and IL-4 and ratio of IFN- γ /IL-4 in CD+4 T cells of human peripheral blood had statistically differences between in patients with lymphoma and controls (P < 0.05). The ratio of Thl/Th2 (CD+4 intracellular cytokine INF-α/IL-4) in patients with lymphoma was lower than that in patients with upper digestive tract cancers (esophagus and stomach cancers) (P = 0.023), however, had no statistical differences with that in patients with other solid tumors (colorectal, lung, kidney, breast and other tumors), but had a downward trend. Conclusion Immune functions in patients with lymphoma are lower than those in patients with solid tumors and immune treatment is a necessary to adjuvant chemotherapy. The ratio of Th1/Th2 (INF- α/IL-4) is expected to become effective detection criterion.

Objective To investigate the application and nursing care of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)by fiberoptic bronchoscopy in patients with mechanical ventilation. Methods 64 patients with mechanical ventilation in RICU were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 32 patients in each group. The patients in both groups were accepted anti-infection, atomization inhalation and other supportive treatments. The patients in the observation group were treated with BAL, and the patients in the control group accepted routine treatment. The therapeutic effects in the two groups were evaluated and compared. Results There was significant difference in the recovery rate and effective rate, the blood gas analysis compared with the control group was significantly improved, the time of pulmonary infection control window, mechanical ventilation, length of stay were shorter than the control group. The case number to remove ventilator successfully, organs failure and hospital mortality were less than the control group. Conclusions Fiberoptic bronchoscopy with BAL treatment could be safety and efficacy for patients with mechanical ventilation. Nursing intervention plays an important role and a good therapeutic effect for improving achievement ratio of BAL.

Objective To investigate the role of anti-herpes ximplex virus (HSV)-1 IgM secreting cells detection assay in early diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis. Methods Twenty-three herpes simplex encephalitis cases and 40 control cases were included in this study. Anti-HSV-1 IgM secreting cells and anti-HSV-1 IgM were retrospectively tested in the patients' cerebrospinal fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The data analysis was performed by using Fisher Exact Test. Results Using ELISPOT method for detection of 9 HSV-1 encephalitis patients' and 16 clinical control cases anti-HSV-1 IgM secreting cells within two weeks after disease onset, the sensitivity of ELISPOT for detecting anti HSV-1 IgM secreting cells in the cerebrospinal fluid was 88.9% (8/9) and the specificity was 93.8%(15/16). On the other hand, the sensitivity of ELISA for detecting anti-HSV-1 IgM in ccrebrospinal fluid was 16.6% (2/12) and the specificity was 88.2% (15/17) when using ELISA method for detection of 12 HSV-1 encephalitis patients' and 17 clinical control cases's anti-HSV-1 IgM secreting cells. The sensitivities of the two methods were statistically different (P<0.01). Conclusion Compared to ELISA, ELISPOT for detecting the anti-HSV-1 IgM secreting cells in cerehrospinal fluid is a more sensitive method for early diagnosing herpes simplex encephalitis.

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