Objective To investigate the changes of inflammatory factors in mice infected with Vibrio alginolyticus .Methods Established a V .alginolyticus ATCC17749 T‐infected mouse model through intraperitoneal injection ,then performed the median le‐thal dose experiment ,the detection of hematological and liver function indicators ,histopathologic evaluation and inflammatory cyto‐kine detection .Results The median lethal dose of V .alginolyticus ATCC17749T was 1 × 109 CFU by intraperitoneal injection .The dose of 1 × 109 CFU per mouse was adopted in the following study .WBC and platelet numbers significantly decreased after infection (P<0 .05) ,RBC number and hemoglobin content significantly increased(P<0 .05) and ALT ,AST significantly increased after V . alginolyticus infection(P<0 .05);light microscopy observation revealed that ,hepatic cell and pulmonary tissue suffered serious inju‐ry after infection.Through the detection of antibody array ,the levels of 20 inflammatory factors were found changed significantly . 8 of them including KC ,IL‐6 ,RNATES ,IL‐12 ,Eotaxin ,G‐CSF ,MIP‐1a ,Mig ,the expression of which increased more than 10 times .Conclusion The inflammatory factors analysed in the paper provide a theoretical basis for the study of the inflammatory mechanism of Vibrio alginolyticus infection .

World Health Organization aims to develop safe, effective and practical traditional medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and other complementary and alternative medicine are being recognized in the whole world nowadays. However, the definite effect of Chinese medicine is still in need of scientific research proof. Placebo control is of equal importance to active control and blank control in clinical trial of TCM. This article briefly reviewed the importance of placebo control and commented on its present situation in clinical trial of TCM. This article also brought up the preliminary proposals of placebo application in TCM clinical trial. We should emphasize scientific placebo preparation and good design of placebo-controlled trial, which are directed by International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. A good clinical trial project will avoid unnecessary wastes and provide safe and effective treatment for people.

To investigate the application of the teaching model of disease-based PBL combined with the interest group in clinical ophthalmology teaching. A clinical ophthalmology interest group was set up among interns and a PBL teaching with the theme of a single disease was carried out. The students demonstrated group presentation and discussion, and finally the teacher made comments in combination with clinical experience. The results shows that students' feedback was good. It has mobilized students' enthusiasm and initiative and can be used as a transition for carrying out PBL teaching complement to the traditional teaching model and be applied to the clinical ophthalmology teaching.

Objective To investigate the effects of 2-(3carboxy-1-oxoprogy1)amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose(COPADG) on the proliferation and cell cycle of human esophageal cancer cells Eca-109 and TE-1.Methods In vitro experiments,MTT colorimetric assay was performed to determine the growth inhibitory rates of Eca-109 and TE-1 cells treated by COPADG.Flow cytometry was applied to observe the change of cell proliferation cycle and apoptosis index.Cell morphological change was observed by transmission electron microscopy.Results COPADG inhibited effectively the growth of esophageal cancer cells Eca-109 and TE-1 in a time-and dose-dependent manner(P

This article discusses the variation process of the sense of justice in western and traditional Chinese society,and its effect on regulatory ethics.Western regulatory ethics takes "making use of evil to restrain evil" as its regulatory principle,whose purpose is "to increase goodness by evil",while Chinese regulatory ethics employs "taking goodness in restraining evil" as its regulatory principle.The Chinese regulatory ethics puts morality in the first place,using morality to replace regulatory systems.The distinctions of cultures and the sense of justice between western and Chinese societies cause the different viewpoints in relevant systems and regulations.

Objective To observe the effect of Da Jianzhong Decoction on cerebral cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA and protein and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II(CaMKⅡ) mRNA in spleen-yang deficiency pain rats, so as to investigate the therapeutic mechanism of Da Jianzhong Decoction for spleen-yang deficiency pain. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, and high-and low-dose Da Jianzhong Decoction groups(3, 0.75 g·kg-1·d-1), 10 in each group. Spleen deficiency rat model was established by comprehensive modeling methods. After the rats in various groups were given gastric administration of Chinese medicine for 15 continuous days, rat cervical dislocation was performed for the sampling of the brain tissue. The expression levels of COX-2 mRNA and CaMKⅡmRNA in brain tissue were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The COX-2 protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the normal group, mRNA and protein expression levels of COX-2 in rat brain tissue of spleen-yang deficiency model group were increased(P﹤0.01), and CaMKⅡ mRNA expression was decreased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, COX-2 mRNA and protein expression levels were decreased(P<0.01) and CaMKⅡexpression was increased(P<0.01) in high-and low-dose Da Jianzhong Decoction groups(P<0.01). Conclusion Da Jianzhong Decoction can suppress cerebral COX-2 mRNA and protein expression, and up-regulate CaMKⅡmRNA expression, which probably contribute to its therapeutic mechanism for relieving the pain.

The time-to-event index is a kind of common evaluation index. It measures the speed of intervention effect. It is different from other index in research design, source material filling, data checking and statistical analysis. To obtain the time-to-event index, investigators can fill in the table directly and statistical analyst can compute after clinical observation. When filling in the source material or data checking, it is should be noticed that the logical relation between the time-to-event index and the visiting point and between the time-to-event index and the correlative other indicator. When statistical analyzing, it is an important issue how to deal with the cases whose time-to-event index does not appear till the observation period ends. Understanding the difference clearly can make the time-to-event index evaluate the effect of the intervention truly and make the clinical observation results reliable.
Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Observational Studies as Topic ; Research ; Research Design

Objective:To review methodology of medicine price index methodology and provide methodological implications for empirical researches. Methods:Based on the recent original home and abroad researches, the price index formulas, the medicine product definition, price and quantity units were introduced in this paper together with their merit/demerit and different selections’ measurement bias. Results: The measurement results were significantly different along with selections of the different weighted price index formulas. The medicine product definition and the price/quantity units in the formulas were different as well. By taking into account the new products entry and the ol-der ones exit updating issue, and by considering the products quality changes issue can also have an important empir-ical implication for the price measurement. Conclusions:The medicine price index methods need to be deeply devel-oped and the researchers should devote to further research and perform accurate measurement. In the empirical analy-sis, researchers can use different methods to measure the medicine price index in order to more accurately reflect the medicine price level change.

Objective To prepare RGD conjugated paclitaxel and curcumin loaded liposome and evaluate their properties and effect on the treatment of ovarian carcinoma in vitro and in vivo . Method The liposomes were prepared by thin film hydration method. The particle size,Zeta potential and entrapment efficiency were evaluated. The efficiency of cellular uptake on A 2780 cells in vitrowas evaluated. Flowcytometry were used to observe the apoptosis morphous.A 2780 cells werexenografted in athymic mice to establish the animal model, which were used to evaluate the effect of anti-cancer. Results The particle diameter of the RGDLP-PTX/Cu was (94.8±11.2) nm with the Zeta potential of (-3±2.45) mV. The entrapment efficiency of PTX and Gen were 81.8%and 84.6%respectively. The result demonstrated that RGDLP uptaken by A 2780 were 3.6 times higher than that of LP. The apoptosis assay、the inhibition of the inhibition of tumor in vivoconfirmed strong inhibitory effect ofRGDLP-PTX/Cu. Conclusion RGDLP-PTX/Cu were easy to prepare and it is a potential delivery system for the treatment of ovarian carcinoma.

Objective To give a systematic reviews on effect of taking blood gas via cephalic artery for infants.Methods Meta-analysis were used to analyze literatures about taking blood gas via cephalic artery for infants.Results 11 studies were included.The rate of successful puncture was 87.5％～98.0％ in the intervention group and 55.3％ ～94.6％ in the control group.The rate of successful puncture via cephalic artery were higher.Conclusions Effect of taking blood gas via cephalic artery for infant was better than that via other artery.Successful rate was high,while the incidence rate of local side effects was low.