China ; Emigration and Immigration ; Immunization Programs

Objective To construct an efficient SALL4 shRNA vector and transfect it into THP-1 cells for investigating the effect of SALL4 in leukemia. Methods Four SALL4-specific siRNA to aim at different SALL4 mRNA target sites and a negative control siRNA were designed, and pGPU6/GFP/Neo/SALL4 shRNA vectors were constructed. THP-1 cells were transfected and the expression of SALL4 in shRNA detected, and blank control and negative control were also designed. Results The results of real time quantitive PCR and Western blotting both exhibited that the interference effect of pGPU6/GFP/Neo/SALL4 shRNA-B vector was optimal targeting to mRNA-1122 target site and down-regulated the expression of SALL4 more significant(P <0.05). Conclusion Successfully construction of SALL4 siRNA vector by choosing SALL4 shRNA-B would be useful to accomplish study of SALL4.

Objective To observe the treatment of continuous passive motion(CPM) on talipes valgus in the chil-dren with cerebral palsy. Methods There were 57 children in this research including normal group and valgus group, the children in valgus group were randomly divided into control group, non-CPM group and CPM group. The control group didn’t receive any rehabilitation treatment. The non-CPM group received conventional rehabilita-tion treatment. The CPM group received conventional rehabilitation and CPM therapy. Evaluate the children in nor-mal group with plantar pressure analysis and evaluate each patient before treatment two and four months after treat-ment with plantar pressure analysis. Results Compared with the normal group, the percentage of medial midfoot (MMF) pressure, HEEL pressure, initial contact phase(ICP) and forefoot contact phase(FFCP) were obviously higher in valgus groups. On the other hand, the percentage of lateral forefoot ( LFF) pressure, lateral midfoot (LMF) pressure and foot flat phase(FFP) were obviously lower in valgus groups(P < 0. 05). The percentage of MMF pressure, and FFP became lower after treatment in both CPM group and non-CPM group while the percentage of ICP and FFCP became higher(P < 0. 05). In CPM group there was a more obvious change with the percentage of MMF pressure, ICP and FFCP compared with non-CPM group and the control group(P < 0. 05). Conclusion U-sing CPM can alleviate muscle spasms and contracture, correct the deformity of midfoot, enhance the muscle group coordination on foot and further more improve gait of patients with cerebral palsy.

Objective The study aimed to evaluate the incidence rate and risk factors of early post-mastectomy pain syndrome (EPMPS) after surgery for breast cancer.Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 231 female patients with breast cancer who appeared EPMPS after surgery in the First Hospital of China Medical University from September 2012 to September 2014.They were followed-up for 3 months.Results Among 231 female patients with breast cancer,41.1％ (95/231) suffered from EPMPS.The incidence of EPMPS in women of 40-59 years old was 66.3％ (63/95),significantly higher than other age groups,RR=l.83,P＜0.05.Those who were submitted to axillary lymph node dissection and those without preservation of intercostobrachial nerve had shown a significantly increased risk of EPMPS compared with those with sentinel lymph node biopsy plus no surgery and preservation of intercostobrachial nerve patients (81 cases vs.14 cases,41 cases vs.18 cases,x2=19.921,P＜0.01;x2=11.045,P＜0.05).Conclusions The frequency of EPMPS in the middle-age women is high and possible explanations are unclear.Surgery of axilla affects the incidence of EPMPS,reassurance is key to coping with EPMPS in nursing and rehabilitation.

Objective To investigate the value of guidance and clinical significance of enteral nutritional support therapy using a joint of nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS2002) and a screening tool for controlling nutritional status (CONUT) after radical resection of colorectal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 180 patients who underwent radical resection of colorectal cancer at the Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between June 2012 and June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Seventy patients with scores of NRS 2002 ≥ 3 were allocated into the A group including 40 with enteral nutritional support therapy in the A1 group and 30 without enteral nutritional support therapy in the A2 group, 60 patients with scores of NRS 2002 ＜ 3 and negative CONUT was allocated into the B group including 30 with enteral nutritional support therapy in the B1 group and 30 without enteral nutritional support therapy in the B2 group, 50 patients with scores of NRS 2002 ＜ 3 and positive CONUT was allocated into the C group including 25 with enteral nutritional support therapy in the Cl group and 25 without enteral nutritional support therapy in the C2 group.The nutritional status of patients was evaluated using a joint of NRS 2002 and CONUT.There was nutritional risk in patients with scores of NRS 2002≥3 or scores of NRS 2002 ＜ 3 and positive CONUT and no nutritional risk in patients with scores of NRS 2002 ＜ 3 and negative CONUT.Patients and their families would choose whether or not to undergo enteral nutritional support therapy after the risks being informed.Enteral nutritional support therapy included tube feeding enteral nutrition or oral nutriments with calories ≥41.84 k J/(kg · d) for more than 3 days.Observed indicators: (l)Nutritional indicators included fasting serum albumin (Alb), prealbumin and transferrin before operation, at postoperative day 1 and day 7.(2)Postoperative recovery included time to anal exsufflation, time of defecation, time for semifluid diet intake and duration of hospital stay.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s, comparison among groups was analyzed using the t test and repeated measures ANOVA, and count data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results Patients in A, B and C groups had good tolerance without abdominal pain, abdominal distension and diarrhea.Comparisons of nutritional indicators: the levels of fasting serum Alb, prealbumin and transferrin in the A1 group were (29 ±4)g/L, (0.25 ±0.06)g/L and (2.0 ±0.4)g/L before operation, (27 ±4)g/L, (0.19 ± 0.07) g/L, (1.7 ± 0.4) g/L at postoperative day 1 and (33 ± 5) g/L, (0.27 ± 0.05) g/L and (1.9 ± 0.3) g/L at postoperative day 7, respectively.The levels of fasting serum Alb, prealbumin and transferrin in the A2 group were (29 ±5)g/L, (0.24 ±0.04)g/L and(2.0 ±0.4)g/L before operation, (27 ±4) g/L, (0.18 ±0.05)g/L and (1.7 ± 0.4) g/L at postoperative day 1 and (26 ± 4) g/L, (0.16 ± 0.04) g/L and (1.8 ± 0.5) g/L at postoperative day 7, respectively.There were significant differences in the changing trends of the above 3 indicators between the 2 groups (F =3.256, 6.642, 7.152, P ＜0.05).The levels of fasting serum Alb, prealbumin and transferrin in the B1 group were (37 ± 4) g/L, (0.28 ± 0.05) g/L and (2.0 ± 0.3) g/L before operation, (36 ± 4) g/L, (0.21 ± 0.06) g/L and (1.7 ± 0.5) g/L at postoperative day 1 and (38 ± 4) g/L, (0.30 ± 0.05) g/L and (1.9 ± 0.5) g/L at postoperative day 7, respectively.The levels of fasting serum Alb, prealbumin and transferrin in the B2 group were (36 ±4)g/L, (0.28 ±0.06)g/L and (2.1 ±0.4)g/L before operation, (36 ±3)g/L,(0.23 ±0.04)g/L and (1.7 ±0.4)g/L at postoperative day 1 and (37 ±4)g/L, (0.22 ±0.07)g/L and (1.8 ± 0.5) g/L at postoperative day 7, respectively.There was no significant difference in the changing trends of the above 3 indicators between the 2 groups (F =1.562, 0.625, 2.223, P ＞ 0.05).The levels of fasting serum Alb,prealbumin and transferrin in the C1 group were (28 ± 4) g/L, (0.35 ± 0.06) g/L and (2.1 ± 0.4) g/L before operation, (26 ±4)g/L, (0.17 ± 0.07)g/L and (1.7 ± 0.4)g/L at postoperative day 1 and (34 ± 5)g/L,(0.35 ±0.05)g/L and (1.8 ± 0.3)g/L at postoperative day 7, respectively.The levels of fasting serum Alb,prealbumin and transferrin in the C2 group were(28 ± 5)g/L, (0.34 ± 0.04)g/L and (2.0 ± 0.4)g/L before operation, (26 ± 4) g/L, (0.16 ± 0.05) g/L and (1.7 ± 0.4) g/L at postoperative day 1 and (25 ± 4) g/L,(0.16 ±0.04) g/L and (1.8 ±0.5)g/L at postoperative day 7, respectively.There were significant differences in the changing trends of the above 3 indicators between the 2 groups (F =5.625, 4.225, 8.221, P ＜0.05).Postoperative recovery: time to anal exsufflation, time of defecation, time for semifluid diet intake and duration of hospital stay were (1.9 ± 0.5) days, (2.3 ± 0.5) days, (8.6 ± 1.2) days, (14.7 ± 1.1) days in the A1 group and (3.0 ± 0.5) days, (4.5 ± 0.6) days, (11.4 ± 2.2) days, (17.8 ± 1.3) days in the A2 group, respectively,with significant differences between the 2 groups (t =-0.644,-12.200,-8.710,-11.650, P ＜ 0.05).Time to anal exsufflation, time of defecation, time for semifluid diet intake and duration of hospital stay were (1.2 ± 0.3)days, (3.2 ±0.7)days, (10.3 ± 1.4)days, (14.7 ±2.0)days in the B1 group and (1.5 ±0.5)days, (3.7 ± 0.6) days, (11.0 ± 1.2) days, (16.1 ± 1.5) days in the B2 group, respectively, with no significant difference between the 2 groups (t =-1.929,-1.033,-1.019,-1.171, P ＞0.05).Time to anal exsufflation, time of defecation, time for semifluid diet intake and duration of hospital stay were (1.8 ± 0.7) days, (2.1 ± 0.5) days,(7.6±1.2)days, (13.9 ±1.2)days in the C1 group and (3.1 ±0.5)days, (4.5 ±0.7)days, (11.4±2.4)days,(17.6 ± 1.3) days in the C2 group, respectively, with significant differences between the 2 groups (t =-5.934,-10.950,-10.010,-11.700, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions A joint application of NRS2002 and CONUT after radical resection of colorectal cancer is exact and feasible for evaluating nutritional status of patients and guiding enteral nutritional support therapy.Patients should select nutritional support therapy after operation if there is nutritional risk.The proper nutritional support therapy can improve the postoperative nutritional status of patients with colorectal cancer, enhance the postoperative recovery and reduce the duration of hospital stay.

Objective To investigate the levels of inflammatory cytokines in children with low absolute lymphocyte count (ALC).Methods 56 patients with low ALC as the patients group and 20 children with healthy physical examination as the control group were enrolled.Several inflammatory cytokines,namely IL-1,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-βwere measured with enzyme linked immu-nosorbent assay(ELISA)kits.High sensitive C reactive protein(Hs-CRP)was measured by the immunoturbidimetry(ITM)kit with the automatic biochemical analyzer.Results The concentrations of IL-1,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-βin the patients were(0.096±0.012) ng/mL,(0.118±0.026)ng/mL,(0.388 ±0.069)ng/mL and(1.256 ±0.245 )ng/mL respectively,which had no statistical differ-ences as compared with the control group(P >0.05);the concentration of HsCRP in the patients group was(5.7±2.8)mg/L,while which in the control group was(4.8±2.6)mg/L,showing no statistically significant difference between them(P >0.05).Conclusion The levels of the cytokines in low ALC patients are not increased,which may be related with the other factors.Actively using tra-ditional Chinese medicine treatment is beneficial to the recovery of disease.

An online questionnaire to 103 professionals of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was conducted to acquire their recognition and understanding of international communicative competence. The results showed that foreign language communicative competence and solid medical knowledge are considered the most important qualities while the importance of global vision, strategic thinking, cross-cultural awareness/sensitivity and communicative strategy is comparatively underestimated. It was proposed that domestic TCM universities and colleges strive to improve the soft skills for TCM professionals and cultivate more interdisciplinary TCM talents armed with professional expertise, foreign language communicative competence as well as international and multicultural awareness.

The review summarized the diagnostic strategy of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases and introduced some progress in clinic.As ischemic cerebrovascular diseases were highly heterogeneous,the review analyzed their characteristics step by step.Through the primary diagnosis,etiological diagnosis,evaluation of risk factors and factor analysis of the whole body,the review describe the diagnostic program of the diseases and provide suggestion about the individually therapy and prevention.

Glutamine(Gln) is the most abundant free amino acid in the circulation. However, Gln depletion is obviously increased in critically ill patients. The liver plays a key role in glutamine metabolism since it can either generate or consume Gln. A number of studies have demonstrated that administration of Gln can protect from liver damage during sepsis or chemotherapy. The mechanism may be that glutamine can be more efficiently transported across cell membranes for glutathione synthesis. Supplement of Gln to PN has been proven to maintain intestinal integrity and reduce bacterial translocation. As a gluconeogenic amino acid, Gln can decrease the portal insulin/glucagon ratio and prevent hepatic steatosis through stimulating glucagon secretion.

In the present study,the trachea of 17 new borns and 10 animals, including rabbits, dogs and monkeys were used. The neural elements were visualized by Cajal-Faworsky silver impregnation and osmic acid techniques. Specimens were cut in to sections by freezing microtome and stained by Gros—Bielchowsky method.Branches from the recurrent laryngeal and vagus nerves pass to the trachea,dividing and rejoining to form a mesh-like plexus outer to the cartilage. Fibers of the posterior parts of the plexus appear as a well-defined longitudinal chain of nerves. The branches from this plexus re-form a primary, secondary and tertiary plexuses in the membrane of cartilage plates, in the muscle, the submucous regions and the mucosa.Parasympathetic effector neurons were mostly found in the posterior and lateral wall, on rare occasions the anterior wall.A profuse supply of predominantly unmyelinated fibres innervates the muscle,blood vessels and glands, and the plexuses supplying these structure apparently communicate with each other. They also contain some thinly myelinated fibres.In the layer of smooth muscle the nerve fibres give off fine collaterals and end in knob-like or arrowheaded swellings. The fibres of subepithelial plexuses branch rectangularly and pass between the epithelial cells. All these fibers terminate in knobs which lie among the deep epithelial cells.