Objective:To assess the efficacy and tolerability of sibutramine as a weight reduction agent in treatment of overweight patients with type 2 diebetes.Methods: Forty overweight patients(body mass index ≥25 kg/m~(2)) with type 2 diebetes were randomized into sibutramine treatment group and control group(n=20).Both groups received a reduced-calorie diet(deficit of 1 045-2 090 kJ/d from an average daily intake) and continued their original treatment;sibutramine treatment group was also given sibutramine 15 mg once daily for 12 weeks.Before and after sibutramine treatment,body mass index(BMI),fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting serum insulin(FINS),hemoglobin A_(1C)(HbA_(1C)),and serum lipids were measured in the patients.Homeostasis model assessment(HOMA) was applied to assess the status of insulin resistance(IR).Results: After treatment,BMI,FBG,HbA_(1C),_()TG,FINS and HOMA-IR all decreased(P

OBJECTIVE:To analyze and identify the liposoluble constituents in Isatis indigotica.METHODS:The liposoluble constituents in Isatis indigotica were extracted with petroleum benzin,and the constituents in methyl ester products were sperated,identified and determined by GC/MS.RESULTS:A total of 42 liposoluble compounds were detected,with fatty acid methyl esters making up 36.72%(saturated fatty acid methyl esters 8.67% and unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters 28.05%),and of which,35 were reported for the first time in the study of Isatis indigotica.CONCLUSION:The liposoluble compounds in Isatis indigotica serve as reference for its comprehensive benefits and development of its antioxydant applilication.

Glutathione ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lipoxygenase ; metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Xenobiotics ; metabolism

Aim To study the protective effects of Presumptive endotheliumartmendependent hyperpolarizing factor(EDHF)released from the rat middle cerebral arteries(MCA),which was mediated by acetylcholine(ACh),on primarily cultured hippocampal neurons subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation injury.Methods Primarily cultured hippocampal neurons was insulted by hypoxia-reoxygenation;EDHF was produced in rat MCA ring by 1 ?mol?L-1 ACh in the presence of NG-nitro-L-argininemethyl ester(L-NAME,a NOS inhibitor)and indomethcacin(Indo,a COX inhibitor);MTT absorbance and the LDH activity were served as the cell injury index,The level of free calcium fluorescence intensity in the cultured hippocampal neurons was monitored by laser scanning confocal microsope.Results Compared with nomal group,MTT absorbance were decreased significantly,LDH activity in the supernate culture fluid and the Ca2+ in hippocampal neurons increased significantly in model group.The conjoined use of 1 ?mol?L-1 ACh and the endothelium-intacted MCA(MCA/Endo)or ACh+MCA/Endo+L-NAME+Indo can repress both the decrease of MTT absorbance and the increases of LDH activity in the supernate culture fluid and the Ca2+ in neurons which resulted from hypoxia-reoxygenation injury;Neither 1 ?mol?L-1ACh alone nor MCA/Endo alone has the similar effects mentioned above,the conjoined use of 1 ?mol?L-1 ACh and the endothelium-denuded MCA(ACh+MCA/-Endo)also has little effect.K+ which concentration is between 25~35 ?mol?L-1 can significantly attenuate the effects afforded by the conjoined use of 1 ?mol?L-1 ACh,MCA/Endo,L-NAME and Indo,but it is not the same situation when it comes to Ba2+.Conclusions Presumptive EDHF can protect primarily cultured rat hippocamal neurons insulted by hypoxia-reoxygenation and the mechanism is partially concerned with the inhibition of calcium overload.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of an anti obese agent, sibutramine, on plasma neuropeptide Y(NPY) levels in patients with overweight and simple obesity. 32 patients with overweight and simple obesity were assigned randomly to sibutramine group (group A) or placebo group (group B). Double blind rule was observed in the study. 16 healthy subjects served as control group (group C). Before and after six months of treatment, plasma NPY and serum insulin levels of patients in both groups were measured with radioimmunoassay (RIA). The results showed that fasting plasma NPY levels were higher in obese group than in control group before treatment .No significant difference was found between plasma NPY levels before and after the treatment with sibutramine. The study revealed that patients with overweight and simple obesity had elevated levels of plasma NPY. Sibutramine did not exert any influence on plasma NPY levels in these patients.

AIM: To study the protection effect of baicalin on isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial ischemia in rats and its mechanisms. METHODS: Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. The rats in control group (n=15) received no treatment. The rats in ISO group (n=15) received two times of subcutaneous injection of ISO (20 mg?kg~ -1), which was separated by a 24 hours-interval. The rats in baicalin group (n=15) received ISO as described above and received baicalin 50 mg?kg~ -1 ip. simultaneously. Two days later the hemodynamic measurement was performed and the serum levels of LDH, CK and TNF-? were detected. The expression of p38mapk in myocardium was detected by immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: The heart function of the group treated with baicalin was improved significantly compared with that of control group. The levels of LDH, CK and TNF-? in baicalin group decreased significantly compared with those in control group and the expression of p38mapk in myocardium also decreased markedly. CONCLUSION: Baicalin has protection effect on isoproterenol induced myocardial ischemia in rats, and the effect maybe due to the decrease of TNF-? induced by reducing the p38mapk expression.

Objective　To observe the effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid treatment combined with Methotrexate or Vincristine on a human malignant glioma cell line. Methods　The effect of drugs on the cells was measured by MTT, and the protein expression of cyclin D1 gene in the cells was measured by immunohistochemistry assay. Results　①The anti-tumor effects of drugs on the cells were increased with the increasing of concentrations, and had a combined function between NDGA and MTX or VCR. ②There was no difference between the effect of treating NDGA with MTX or VCR given at the same time and MTX or VCR given after 24 h of NDGA treatment, but the effects were apparently different when NDGA was administrated after MTX or VCR treatment for 24 h. ③The protein expression of cyclin D1 gene in the cells was apparently reduced after NDGA treatment. Conclusion　There is a cooperative function between NDGA and MTX or VCR on the cells, and the function is probably related to the NDGA-induced down-regulation of protein expression of cyclin D1 gene in the cells.

Objective: To investigate the arterial baroreflex (ABR)-associated mechanism of losartan in protection of acute cerebral ischemia injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Methods: Losartan (10 mg·kg -1·d-1) were administered i. g. to SHRs for 2 weeks, and the hemodynamic parameters and the baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was determined. Then the rats were subjected to middle cerebral arterial (MCA) occlusion to establish acute cerebreal ischemia. The brain samples were obtained, sectioned and stained 24 h later; the infarction area of the brain was measured. Losartan and angiotensin II (Ang II, 100 pmol) were also microinjected into the nucleus of solitary tract (NTS) of rats, and the hemodynamic parameters and BRS were determined 24 h later. Then the rats were subjected to MCA occlusion to establish acute cerebral ischemia injury. The brain infarction area was measured 24 h after operation. Results: Compared to control rats, intragastric administration of losartan improved the ABR function and significantly decreased the infarction area (P<0.05). NTS microinjection of Ang II obviously increased the blood pressure, and decreased BRS value of rats. NTS microinjection of losartan did not change the blood pressure, and significantly improved the ABR function (P<0.05) and alleviated cerebral infarction injury (P<0.05). Conclusion: Losartan can improve the sensitivity of ABR and prevent acute cerebral infarction; NTS might be the target of losartan.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and tolerability of sibutramine as a weight reduction agent in treatment of overweight patients with type 2 diebetes. Methods: Forty overweight patients (body mass index ≥25 kg/m 2) with type 2 diebetes were randomized into sibutramine treatment group and control group (n=20). Both groups received a reduced-calorie diet (deficit of 1 045-2 090 kJ/d from an average daily intake) and continued their original treatment; sibutramine treatment group was also given sibutramine 15 mg once daily for 12 weeks. Before and after sibutramine treatment, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and serum lipids were measured in the patients. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) was applied to assess the status of insulin resistance (IR). Results: After treatment, BMI, FBG, HbA1c, TG, FINS and HOMA-IR all decreased (P<0.01) in sibutramine treatment group. Also in sibutramine treatment group the changes in FBG and TG were correlated with percentage change in body weight (P<0.01). Four patients in sibutramine treatment group had a ≥ 5% weight loss and great decreases in HbA1c and TG. Mild adverse events were noticed. Control group had no significant difference in every measurement before and after treatment. Conclusion: Sibutramine can produce significant weight loss in overweight type 2 diabetes patients when used with a reduced-calorie diet; this weight loss is associated with improvement of metabolic control and insulin sensibility. Meanwhile, sibutramine is well tolerated and has less adverse reaction.

Objective: To study the influence of contractual medical association on inpatient service performance. Methods:The data came from“Database of Inpatient Record” administered by Department of Medical Insurance. Using diagnosis related groups ( DRG) as the tool of risk-adjustment, the third-tier general hospitals and second-tier general hospitals in medical alliance as the intervention group, and the average level of the same grade local hospitals as the control group, the influence of medical alliance on inpatient service performance was evaluated. The difference in difference ( DID) method was used for the data analysis. The assessing indicators included the number of DRG group, case mix index ( CMI) , the total weight, cost efficiency index and time efficiency index. Results:After the establishment of medical association, compared with the average level of the same grade local hospitals, in the third-tier general hospitals of medical alliance, the growth rate of the total weight had declined, and cost efficiency index had increased, while in the second-tier general hospitals of medical alliance, the CMI value had de-clined, and the cost efficiency index had increased. Conclusion:Contractual medical association played a role of triage patients, and improved the service levels and management efficiency of the second-tier general hospitals.