We conducted a study on 45 patients treated in the rehabilitation facilities after 2 years of cerebrocranial injuries due to weapon, traffic accident, with average ages of 33. Results have shown that there was close relation between the psychological condition and drug addiction before cerebrocranial injuries. The psychological condition and drug addiction related closely with the posttraumatic unemployment and dependent life. There was a relation between supportive level of society and patient's and their family's behaviors.
Rehabilitation ; Wounds and Injuries

Background: Hamstring strain injury remains persistently high in sports, highlighting the need for additional investigation of its predisposing variables. Despite hamstring injury being well investigated, there’s a lack of studies on changes in echo intensity and shear wave elastography of hamstrings among athletes with a history of injury, which could be considered modifiable risk variables. Objectives: To examine echo intensity and shear wave elastography characteristics of previously injured hamstrings among athletes, assessing the differences between the injured leg and controls. Methods: This systematic review will focus on studies reporting echo intensity and shear wave elastography characteristics of athletes with a history of hamstring strain injury compared to a control group. The search strategy will locate studies written in English from 1990 to 2023 using four electronic databases: PubMed, EBSCO (CINAHL and Medline), Science Direct, and Web of Science. Studies reporting measures using imaging other than ultrasound and where no diagnosis of hamstring strain has been made will be excluded. Two independent reviewers will screen and critically appraise the studies using the McMasters Critical Review Form. Two reviewers will independently extract relevant data and present a descriptive synthesis. A meta-analysis will be conducted when two or more studies provide data for the same outcome measure. Expected Results This review can better understand hamstring maladaptation to injury. Utilizing echo-intensity and shear wave elastography as objective outcome measures can inform clinical practice toward developing an effective rehabilitation program for injury prevention.
Wounds and Injuries ; Sports ; Rehabilitation

For the children who suffer trauma in earthquake, rehabilitation care aims to promote functional recovery, shorten hospital stay, and reduce the incidence of complications or disability by evidence-based, multidisciplinary, and comprehensive early rehabilitation intervention on the basis of first aid and clinical treatment. Children are likely to suffer traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, limb fracture, and amputation in the earthquake disaster, so the clinical rehabilitation care designed considering the characteristics of children should be provided immediately after acute phase of trauma to promote functional recovery.
Amputation, Traumatic ; rehabilitation ; Brain Injuries ; rehabilitation ; Child ; Disasters ; Earthquakes ; Humans ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; rehabilitation ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; rehabilitation ; Wounds and Injuries ; rehabilitation

Gunshot injuries can range from the most minor to the life-threatening. Multidisciplinary care is required for successful management of patients, In the acute phase, care may involve emergency surgeons, anaesthesists, neurosurgeons, ophthalmic surgeons, vascular surgeons, ENT specialist in addition to the oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Afterwards, definitive treatment of facial gunshot injuries depends ultimately on the abilities and skills of the oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and their appreciation of such injuries. The timing and sequence of the surgical procedures used for reconstruction and rehabilitation of maxillofacial gunshot injuries are crucial to a successful outcome and aesthetic result. If incorrect, they may lead indefinitely to infection, graft rejection, wound dehiscence with consequent multiple revisional operations and complication which will prolong hospital stay and increase treatment costs and morbidity on those patients. We present a gunshot case of a 46-year-old man who tried to commit sucide, and have avulsive and penerating wounds on the face and the neck. We removed the scattered bullets and fragments successfully and the wounds were closed primarily.
Emergencies ; Facial Injuries ; Graft Rejection ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Rehabilitation ; Specialization ; Wounds and Injuries ; Wounds, Gunshot*

Gunshot injuries are always known to cause severe morbidity and mortality when head and neck are involved. They vary in morbidity, which can occur in civilian surroundings. The wound largely depends on the type of weapon, mass and velocity of the bullet, and the distance from where it has been shot. Close-range gunshot wounds in the head and neck region can result in devastating aesthetic and functional impairment. The complexity in facial skeletal anatomy cause multiple medical and surgical challenges to an operating surgeon, demanding elaborate soft and hard tissue reconstruction. Here we presented the successful management of three patients shot by short-range pistol with basic life support measures, wound management, reconstruction and rehabilitation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Facial Injuries ; rehabilitation ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Wounds, Gunshot ; rehabilitation ; surgery

Recent cataract surgery has a trend to use clear corneal incision that does not require conjunctival peritomy and has fewer complications such as hyphema and ciliary body damage etc. Clear corneal incision also provides less corneal astigmatism and thereby better naked visual acuity. However the side effects of clear corneal incision such as includes wound leakage and associated endophthalmitis, endothelisal cell damage, irregular corneal astigmatism and instability of wounds have been reported continuously. Thus, we have introduced the 3.5mm sized mid limbal incision technique which may compensate the above complications and have rapid visual rehabilitation. Postoperative corneal astigmatism and uncorrected visual acuity of patients with clear corneal incision were compared with the results of scleral pocket incision. The corneal astigmatic changes of both group showed trivial against- the-rule change(0.44-0.12D) in early post operative period. Mid limbal incision group presented a little highter against-the-rule change at post operative 1 wee, but no significiant diffeence was noted sice postoperative 1 month. Uncorrected visual acuity showed no difference between two groups. From these results, we conclude mid limbal incision is an effective procedure that can compensate the disadvantage of both clear corenal incision and scleral pocket incision.
Astigmatism ; Cataract* ; Ciliary Body ; Endophthalmitis ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Rehabilitation ; Visual Acuity ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: We try to retrospectively analyze the clinical results of the modified Chrisman-Snook procedure for chronic ankle instability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From November 1997 to April 2006, thirty-one patients who underwent modified Chrisman- Snook procedure for chronic ankle instability were analyzed. All patients were male and the mean age was 31 years. The follow-up period averaged 48 months. We evaluated the clinical results measured by Hasegawa method. RESULTS: Among them, there were soldiers in 11, socker players in 6, patients who weigh more 80 kg in 5. And there were 9 patients who previously underwent modified Brostrom procedure for chronic ankle instability. The clinical results were rated as excellent in 29, fair in 2 who did not cooperate with postoperative rehabilitation program. There were complications of 2 cases of irritation of the sural nerve and recurrence respectively, 1 case of wound problem. CONCLUSION: Our results show that the modified Chrisman-Snook procedure is effective treatment method for patients with high-performance athlete/soldier or failed modified Brostrom procedure.
Ankle* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Recurrence ; Rehabilitation ; Retrospective Studies ; Sural Nerve ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: Many burn patients are troubled with pain and paresthesia from healed wounds. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) in various musculoskeletal disease and wounds is reported that it reduces the pain and promotes regenerating of tendon and healing of the wound. Therefore we investigated the effect of ESWT on the scar pain of burn patients. METHODS: On February 2014, three patients admitted to the department of rehabilitation medicine of Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital Burn Center underwent ESWT. One low-energy ESWT (0.05~0.12 mJ/mm2) a week was provided to them for 3 weeks in total. Numerical rating scale (NRS), Nirschl pain phase system, 70-point scoring system, Roles and Maudsley score were evaluated before ESWT, after first and third ESWT. RESULTS: In all three patients, the NRS score was decreased and total scores of Nirschl pain phase system and 70-point scoring system were improved after ESWT compared to before ESWT. Roles and Maudsley scores was poor in all three patients at before ESWT but was acceptable in two patients and good in one patient after third ESWT. CONCLUSION: Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is non-invasive, feasible and effective modality on the scar pain of burn patients.
Burn Units ; Burns* ; Cicatrix* ; Heart ; Humans ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; Paresthesia ; Rehabilitation ; Shock* ; Tendons ; Wounds and Injuries

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the surgical indications and to compare the results of the anterior plate fixation and transpedicular fixation in cases of traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1987 to 2001, eighteen of 26 cases of traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis were treated by anterior plate fixation and 8 of 26 by transpedicular screw fixation. Two of 8 cases received unilateral screw fixation and 6bilateral fixation. Two cases of the transpedicular screw fixation group were treated by additional posterior plate fixation. Oper-ativeindication was an unstable fracture, namely, with over 3.5 mm of anterior displacement, over 10 degrees of angulation, i.e., Levine types II, IIA, III, and IA. Postoperatively, Philadelphia orthosis or a soft collar was applied for 6 to 8 weeks. RESULTS: All cases achieved bone union. One case of neck pain, three cases of neck motion limitation and three cases of a kyphotic deformity exceeding 10degrees were observed in the posterior transpedicular screw fixation group. In terms of surgical complications, two cases of transient dysphagia were observed in the anterior plate fixation group and two cases of screw malposition in the transpedicular screw fixation group. The transpedicular screw fixation technique has some associated problems, such as a large operative wound scar, a large bleeding volume, and technical difficulty. CONCLUSION: Both the anterior plate fixation and transpedicular screw fixation methods are useful treatment methods for Levine type II, IIA and III hangman fracture for early bone union and early rehabilitation. The anterior plate fixation technique is easi-er and has fewer complications than posterior transpedicular screw fixation, therefore, the ranspedicular screw fixation method should be confined to the management of type IA fracture with rotational displacement.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra* ; Cicatrix ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Deglutition Disorders ; Hemorrhage ; Neck ; Neck Pain ; Orthotic Devices ; Rehabilitation ; Spondylolisthesis ; Wounds and Injuries

We analyzed early postoperative astigmatic changes, visual rehabilitation and complications with silicone intraocular lenses implanted through 3.2mm scleral pocket incision (group I. 68 eyes) and PMMA intraocular lenses implanted through 5.5mm scleral pocket incision(group 2. 103 eyes). Surgically induced astigmatism in group 1 was -0.17D at two days, -0.12D at one week, and -0.51D at two months. In group 2, it was -0.36D at two days, -0.46D at one week, and -0.72D at two months. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups at 2 days and 1 week (p<0.05), thereafter no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). 0.5 or better uncorrected visual acuity in group I was 74% at 2 weeks, 87% at 2 months while in group 2, it was 69% at 2 weeks, and 77% at 2 months. Postoperative complication in group I were two cases of IOL decentration(2.9%), two cases of anterior capsule contraction (2.9%), three cases of anterior chamber inflammation (4.4%), and two cases of posterior capsule opacity (2.9%). In group two, it were one case of hyphema (1%), one case of wound dehiscence (1%) , one case of anterior chamber inflammation (1%), and seven cases of posterior capsule opacity (6.8%). Our results indicate the 3.2mm scleral tunnel incision (group 1) was associated with a lower surgically induce astigmatism at 2 days and 1 week, and 8 faster visual rehabilitation than 5.5mm scleral tunnel incision (group 2), but anterior chamber inflainmation, anterior capsule contraction and IOL decentrations were more frequently developed in group 1.
Anterior Chamber ; Astigmatism* ; Cataract* ; Hyphema ; Inflammation ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Phacoemulsification ; Polymethyl Methacrylate* ; Postoperative Complications ; Rehabilitation* ; Silicones* ; Visual Acuity ; Wounds and Injuries