Humans ; Thoracic Injuries ; complications ; pathology ; Trauma Severity Indices ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Heart Injuries ; complications ; etiology ; pathology ; Hernia ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Pericardium ; injuries ; Rupture ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating ; complications

A traumatic abdominal wall hernia (TAWH) is a rare type of hernia, which follows blunt trauma to the abdomen, where disruption of the musculature and fascia occurs, with the overlying skin remaining intact. The case of a sixty five year old female that developed a TAWH, following the collapse of the roof of her house, is reported. She underwent a laparotomy for suspected liver injury, followed by repair of the hernia using a fascia lata graft taken from the thigh. The etiology, pathogenesis and management of this rare hernia are discussed.
Abdominal Wall/*pathology ; Aged ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Hernia, Ventral/etiology/*pathology/surgery ; Human ; Laparotomy ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/*complications/*pathology

OBJECTIVE: To analyze risk factors associated with post-traumatic retinal detachment and to identify the cause-effect relationship between retinal detachment and blunt ocular trauma in forensic medical assessment. METHODS: 112 cases of forensic medical examination on post -traumatic retinal detachment were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS A variety of retinal abnormalities were found in these cases, including tearing of the ora serrata retinae (4.28%), macular perforation (12.50%), small (<90 degrees) nonmacular retinal perforation (56.25%), larger (>90 degrees) retinal perforation (5.00%), and tractive retinal detachment without perforation (11.6%). Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) was found in 45 eyes examined. In most cases, retinal detachment occurred between 1 week to 2 months after blunt ocular trauma (61.60%), with 83.93% accompanied with severe myopia (>-3.00D) and 52.67% accompanied with vitreous floaters. Of all cases, 41.07% were directly and 52.68% were indirectly resulted from blunt ocular trauma, and the rest (6.25%) showed no association with blunt ocular trauma. CONCLUSION Many risk factors may result in retinal detachment including blunt ocular trauma and other causes. Accurate assessment of the relationship between blunt ocular trauma and retinal detachment is an important part of forensic examination.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Contusions/complications* ; Eye Injuries/complications* ; Female ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retinal Detachment/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complications* ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride on apoptosis of lung tissue cells and its mechanism in acute lung injury following blunt chest trauma in rats.

METHODSSprague Dawley (SD) rats (n equal to 54) weighing (250+/-5) g were divided equally and randomly into three groups: normal control group (C group, n equal to 18), trauma model group (T group, n equal to 18) and penehyclidine hydrochloride treatment group (P group, n equal to 18). Each group was further divided into three subgroups according to the time points of 3, 12 and 24 hours after experiment (at each time point, n equal to 6 for each subgroup). Rats of P group were intraperitoneally injected with penehyclidine hydrochloride for 2 mg/kg immediately after blunt chest trauma and rats in its 24 hours subgroup were once again injected with penehyclidine hydrochloride in the same dose 12 hours after injury. Lung tissue samples were collected at every time point and cell apoptosis in lung tissues were measured by TUNEL. Apoptotic index (AI) was calculated, expressions of bax and bcl-2 were detected by immunohistochemical staining of SABC, and lung tissue sections were taken for light and electron microscopic observation.

RESULTSAs compared with C group, at every time point, AI and expressions of bax and bcl-2 in T group were higher (P less than 0.05), and the ratio of bcl-2/bax markedly decreased (P less than 0.05), especially in the 24 hours subgroup. The ratio in T group (0.468+/-0.007) was lower than that in C group (1.382+/-0.058, t equal to 12.5, P less than 0.01). Lung tissue injuries were significant under a light microscope, and the number of apoptotic cells increased obviously under a transmission electron microscope. As compared with T group at the same phase, AI and expression of bax decreased in P group (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01), while the expression of bcl-2 increased significantly (P less than 0.01), and the ratio of bcl-2/bax markedly increased (P less than 0.05), especially in the 24 hours subgroup. The ratio in P group (1.012+/-0.070) was much higher than that in T group (0.468+/-0.007, t equal to 8.3, P less than 0.01). The injury of lung tissues was relieved, and apoptosis of cells decreased obviously under a transmission electron microscopic observation.

CONCLUSIONSApoptosis and expressions of bax and bcl-2 in lung tissues might be involved in the pathogenesis of lung injury induced by blunt chest trauma. Penehyclidine hydrochloride can alleviate lung injuries by inhibiting apoptosis of lung tissue cells, during which effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride on regulating expressions of bax and bcl-2 may play an important role.

Acute Lung Injury ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Lung ; pathology ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis ; Quinuclidines ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thoracic Injuries ; complications ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating ; complications ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; analysis

A 38-year-old woman developed diffusely distributed opacities with crystalline materials in the laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) interface of her eye after she was scratched by a sprig during mountain climbing. No sign of flap displacement was noted. Despite two days of topical and systemic antibiotics therapy, the corneal infiltration with interface opacities persisted. The following day, the distribution of the crystalline materials had rotated in a counterclockwise direction. Flap lifting and foreign body removal using sufficient irrigation were performed. One month after surgery, the patient's postoperative uncorrected visual acuity was 0.8 with cleared interface. No signs of epithelial ingrowth or flap striae were noted. Mild traumatic corneal scratching without flap displacement may threaten the integrity of the LASIK interface. If foreign bodies are suspected to be the cause of inflammation, early flap lifting with irrigation is imperative for successful treatment.
Adult ; Cornea/*injuries/pathology/surgery ; Eye Injuries/*complications/diagnosis/surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/*methods ; Myopia/surgery ; *Surgical Flaps ; Surgical Wound Dehiscence/diagnosis/*etiology/surgery ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/*complications/diagnosis/surgery

Adult ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; methods ; Conservative Treatment ; methods ; Coronary Angiography ; methods ; Coronary Vessels ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Electrocardiography ; methods ; Heart Injuries ; complications ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine ; methods ; Male ; Multimodal Imaging ; methods ; Myocardial Infarction ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating ; complications