Translational medicine means that to establish a bridge between fundamental research and clinical medicine through bidirectional translation path in order to promote the translation and application from fundamental research to clinical medicine.The purpose of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) translational model is to collate and build one multidimensional TCM translational model,rationality carry out the research on TCM translation.Three paths have been confirmed,where are from literature research to clinical verification,from clinical application to clinical verification,and from experiment to clinical verification.In this research,methodology of one path mcntioned above could be established,which is the key technology of translational medicine.Take constipation,insomnia,and post-flu cough as target diseases to investigate the herbal compounds which could be qualified for clinical application based on preliminary work.This research not only provided clinical data to TCM translation,but also established one methodology of TCM translation path--"from experiment to clinical verification".

This study was aimed to analyze the cold and heat nature of Chinese herbal medicine as well as its relation with the major constituent part in order to illustrate the scientific connotation of the cold and heat nature of Chinese herbal medicine from the level of material basis.There were a total of 334 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine with 280 effective ingredients recorded in the first volume of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.The molecular descriptors of each ingredient (including one-dimensional,two-dimensional,three-dimensional,and semi-empirical calculated molecular descriptors) were calculated.The generalized rule induction (GRI) algorithm was used to mine molecular descriptors with strong correlation to the cold or heat nature of the screened Chinese herbal medicine.The results showed that molecular descriptors of molecular energy state of main components had close relationship with the nature properties of herbs.Compounds with high-energy condition were most from herbs with heat nature;while compounds with low-energy condition were most from herbs with cold nature.In addition to the energy condition of the molecule,topological molecular water partition coefficient,lipid drug property but also the main component of the polar surface area,carbon,hydrogen,oxygen atoms,the number of hydrogen bond donors and other molecular structure descriptors had certain association relationships.It was concluded that the nature of Chinese herbal medicine had certain association relationships with its main ingredients.Among them,the most important molecular descriptors of molecular energy are three-dimensional molecular descriptors.It suggested that the comprehensive effect of Chinese herbal medicine may be relevant to the energy condition of the molecule in main active components of Chinese herbal medicine and the effect on the energy metabolism of the body.

This paper used the co-word analysis function of CiteSpace V to take the visualization analysis of related articles,research history,status quo and tendency of diagnostic criteria research of syndrome of yin deficiency of liver and kidney.China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) was used as the data source.A total of 99 papers related to diagnostic criteria research of syndrome of yin deficiency of liver and kidney were retrieved.And then,the data files were imported into CiteSpace V.The co-word and visualization analysis of authors,institutions and keywords were conducted.With the visualization analysis,the research found 389 main researchers and 4 stable research teams of diagnostic criteria research of syndrome of yin deficiency of liver and kidney.Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical basic medical institute and affiliated hospitals of universities of Chinese medicine and each region of the Chinese medicine hospital are the main institutions of this field.Cluster analysis of keywords showed that main research directions in this field contain the establishment of TCM diagnostic criteria of syndrome of yin deficiency of liver and kidney,syndrome differentiation of TCM,syndrome factors and correlational study.Diseases which attract more attentions are IgA nephropathy,hypertension,cirrhosis,chronic hepatitis B,and etc.The research result not only visually understands the research history,status quo and main research direction of this field,but also forecasts the development tendency of this field.

Pulse taking,with the unique characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),is one of the important parts of TCM diagnostic methods.It was formed in the clinical practice of TCM famous doctors during the past dynasties.Also,it is an important means of understanding and determining disease and syndrome for TCM practitioners.Pinhu Maixue,a TCM classic of pulse taking which inheriting the traditional pulse taking theory and combining with clinical experience,was written by famous doctor Li Shizhen in the Jiajing Jiazi period of the Ming Dynasty.It has made an important contribution to the inheritance and development of TCM pulse taking.In this article,in order to provide ideas for a comprehensive understanding of the development process of TCM pulse taking,the inheritance and development of Pinhu Maixue from the academic thought of Huangdi Neijing,Nan Jing and Mai Jing was summarized,the academic characteristics of Pinhu Maixue were systematically elaborated,the influence of Pinhu Maixue on the thought of pulse taking and guiding significance of contemporary Chinese medicine clinical practice were analyzed.Thus,it has certain significance to study the academic thought and value of Pinhu Maixue.

There have been many reports on berberine (BBR) effect of the inhibition on gut bacteria,but more from the protein level.In view of the preference of BBR for DNA binding,we here investigated the expression of BBR from the transcriptional expression level of the gene.The results showed that BBR had a higher affinity for UP element of Escherichia coli (E.coli) gene,and the transcription initiation region of this element contained TATA base sequence.The expression of genes sulA,recA and 16S which contain the genes of the UP element regulatory elements in the upstream of the promoter could be suppressed by BBR,and the expression of lpxC,secG and mutT which did not contain the genes of the UP element regulatory elements in the upstream of the promoter could not be inhibited by BBR.It is shown that the TATA sequence is the target of BBR.This result provides a new perspective for exploring the effect of BBR's inhibition of microbiota from gene transcription.

The present study aimed to research pathogenesis and therapeutics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with the method of tissue metabolomics.A combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was developed suitable for analyzing the endogenous small molecule of liver cancer tissues and adjacent tissues.The unidimensional and multidimensional statistics were used to look for differential metabolites.And then,the KEGG and HMDB database were utilized to find related differential pathways and pathogenesis of HCC.The PCA and PLS-DA showed that there were significant differences on the endogenous small molecule of liver cancer tissues and adjacent tissues.Through the OPLS-Loading plot analysis,there were 25 differential metabolites and 36 relevant pathways.The differential pathways belong to carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid metabolism and mitochondrial transfer.There were 16 metabolites' area under the ROC curve which was bigger than 0.8,which were related with ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters,galactose metabolism,amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.It was concluded that the Warburg effect exists in HCC cells.The energy of HCC cell was from glycolytic function,because the glycolysis was enhanced and the citric acid cycle decreased.Mitochondrial dysfunction and the increased cobalt content may correlate with the Warburg effect,which may be one of the pathogenesis of liver cancer,and expected to become the breakthrough point of a new targeting therapeutic approach.

There are part of similarities between kampo extract product in Japan and classical representative famous prescription in China.This paper analyzes and explains the characteristics of kampo extract product in Japan and the registration management background,suggests the relevant departments to fully consider the mistakes in the process of kampo extract product development and the re-evaluation and standardization work Japanese drug regulatory authorities have done when formulate the detailed catalogue of classical representative famous prescriptions in China.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors.Accumulating evidences suggests that gut microbiota play an important role in CRC initiation and progression.Chinese herbal medicine has certain regulation effects on disorders of gut microbiota.In current review,we discuss the changes of gut microbiota in CRC patients,and summarize the effects of gut microbiota on CRC progression and their underlying mechanisms through barrier function,inflammation,bacterial enzymes,toxic metabolites,as well as the effects of Chinese herbal medicine on gut microbiota.This review provides a basic scientific and clinical application of gut microbiota in CRC.

Berberine (BBR) is known as a classic drug for intestinal infection treatment.BBR inhibits intestinal bacteria,which is the core of its role in the treatment of intestinal infection.With the survival of local intestinal bacteria and its related metabolites on the physiological and pathological functions of the body continue to recognize the impact of it,more and more literatures have presented the effect of BBR through the impact of intestinal bacteria on the body glycol-lipid metabolism,even brain function.This allows us to re-understand the pathophysiology of BBR in inhibiting gut microbiome.In this paper,the antibacterial activity of BBR was reviewed and analyzed.The possible molecular target of BBR was analyzed according to the characteristics of prokaryotes gene expression,which was helpful to the in-depth study of BBR on intestinal bacteria.Thus,a more comprehensive understanding of the pharmacological effects of BBR is given.

The DNA extraction method of animal medicine material is difficult and un-unified,which limits the application of molecular identification to identify animal medicines.In this study,based on the DNA extraction theory of SDS,we assessed the effects of three elements including different EDTA concentrations (0.025 mol·L-1,0.25 mol· L-1,and 0.5 mol· L-1) and whether containing NaCl and Triton X-100 in the lysis buffer on the quality of DNA extracted from different kinds of animal medicine.The optimized lysis buffer was used to extract DNA from 121 commercial animal medicines for original and species identification.The results showed that the lysis buffer of 1％ SDS,0.03 mol· L-1 Tris-HCl,0.25 mol· L-1 EDTA and 0.2 mol· L-1 NaCl had the optimum effect on DNA extraction.This lysis buffer can obtain DNA from animal medicine which is difficult to extract,such as Cicadae periostracum.The DNA extractions of 121 commercial animal medicines by optimized lysis buffer can satisfy the experimental requirements for molecular identification.All samples of commercial animal medicines can be accurately identified to the level of species.It was concluded that optimized lysis buffer can be used in the DNA extraction of different kinds of animal medicines except shells,secretions and processed products.This method provides technique support for the molecular identification of animal medicines.