This study was aimed to investigate the mechanism of Jian-Pi Sheng-Xue (JPSX) granules on iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) rats.Low iron diet was given to establish IDA rat model.Rats were randomly divided into the model control group,normal control group,JPSX granules group,JPSX extract group and the ferrous sulfate group.The hematological indexes and serum ferritin were measured 10 days and 20 day after medication.The results showed that with iron supplements,the levels of hemoglobin (HGB),red blood cell (RBC),hematocrit (HCT) and serum ferritin of the JPSX granules group,JPSX extract group and the ferrous sulfate group were higher than those of the control group.The level of serum ferritin of the JPSX granules group was obviously higher than that of the JPSX extract group and the ferrous sulfate group (P < 0.01).It was concluded that compared with the control group,JPSX granules,JPSX extract and ferrous sulfate can improve symptoms of IDA in rats.And JPSX granules had the best effect.

This paper was aimed to study the dynamic changes of San-Ao(SA) decoction in different compatibility of ephedrine hydrochloride,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride,amygdalin and glycyrrhizic acid.HPLC was used to simultaneously determinate the transfer rate of SA decoction of ephedrine hydrochloride,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride,amygdalin and glycyrrhizic acid.Kromasil C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm) column was selected with methanol and 0.1% phosphoric acid as a mobile phase to gradient.The flow rate was 1 mL·min-1.The column temperature was 30℃.The injection volume was 10μL.Ephedrine hydrochloride,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and amygdalin were detected at the wavelength of 208 nm.The glycyrrhizic acid was detected at the wavelength of 250 nm.The results showed that the transfer rate of ephedrine hydrochloride in decoction was more than that of the single preparation.The transfer rate of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride was the highest in the combination of ephedra and bitter almond.The transfer rate of amygdalin was the highest in the combination of ephedra and bitter almond.The transfer rate of glycyrrhizic acid in decoction was more than that of the single preparation.It was concluded that there were dynamic changes in the boiling process during herbal decoction preparation.The effectiveness and stability of Chinese medicine should be improved according to these changes.

This study was aimed to establish a rapid discrimination method of Pinellia ternataand its adulterants based on the odour fingerprints analysis.Typhonium flagelliforme and Arisaema Rhizome,which were the common adulterants of Pinellia ternata,were collected.The adulterants were mixed with Pinellia ternatain different proportions.E-nose technology was used to obtain the odour fingerprints of Pinellia ternataand its adulterants of different types and proportions.Chemometrics methods,such as the analysis of variance (ANOVA),principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant factor analysis (DFA) were used in the analysis and discrimination on sensors response data collected by sensors.The results showed that there were obvious differences on the odour characteristics between Pinellia ternateand its adulterants.PCA can obviously discriminate Pinellia ternateand its adulterants.And the odour difference became obvious along with the increasing of the adulteration proportion.There was a linear relationship between e-nose signal and the proportion of Typhonium flagelliforme.The cumulative proportion in ANOVA of the DFA model was 100%.The correct recognition rate was not less than 97%.It was concluded that e-nose can be used for rapid discrimination of Pinellia ternataand its adulterants.This study provided new technology and method for the discrimination of adulterants of Chinese materia medica.

By means of searching the ancient and modern literature,this study mainly investigated the etiology and pathogenesis of IBD,summarized the rules of acupoint selection and the experimental mechanism of the moxibustion treatment for IBD,providing the basis and theoretical evidence of acupoint selection and moxibustion therapy for clinical practice and studies.Ancient literatures were retrieved in TCM database system,while modern literatures in Pubmed,CNKI and VIP database from January,2005 to January,2016.Finally,comprehensive analysis was implemented among the selected literatures.It was found that the pathogenesis of IBD was associated with exogenous evils,diet,emotion,and fatigue during chronic diseases in TCM.The treatments of acupuncture and moxibustion for IBD should consider both the primary symptoms and root causes by regulating functional activity of Zang and Fu and also warming and nourishing the spleen and stomach.On this basis,acupoint selection mainly focused on the stomach meridian with the functions of invigorating spleen and stomach,elevating clear qi and descending turbid,recovering the bowel function and strenthening the body and antidiarrhea.Modern research upon the scientific basis of TCM indicated that moxibustion stimulated the thermoreceptors around the acupoints leading to the increased degranulation of mast cells.Immune factors were impacted with the regulation of transcriptional activators in the bowel for repairing mucosal barrier and preventing intestinal fibrosis in IBD.In conclusion,moxibustion was effective on warming and nourishing spleen and stomach and regulating the function activity of bowel for the prevention and treatment of IBD.Achievements were made in the mechanism researches on IBD based on the TCM theory.However,some profound mechanisms need in-depth exploring.

Thanks to the improving new drug approval system and the wide application of new technology in China,the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) meets the golden opportunity at the best conditions.In the further research of new drugs,effective data mining of ancient literatures and clinical medication experience need paying more attention supported by research data of clinical efficacy of new Chinese drugs,as it is generally recognized,for the establishment of the approval system of syndrome types.In addition,we should prudently value the safety issues on TCM and improve the classification and registration of new Chinese drugs and drug approval in the future.Therefore,the research and development of modern drugs,evaluation standard and review experience of new Chinese drugs in the recent three decades need integrating for the establishment of the improvement of the technology system of drug review and registration in conformity with the characteristics of TCM of great significance in the clinical service and industrial development of TCM.

The aim of this study was to the prepare the standard decoction of paeoniae radix rubra for its investigation of quality standard.The standard decoction of paeoniae radix rubra was dissolved by water using standardization method and the content of peoniflorin was determined by UPLC-DAD.Then the transfer rate and the rate of extractum were calculated,and the fingerprint analysis was carried out.As a result,the content of the standard decoction of paeonia lactiflora ranged from 3.79 to 5.68 mg·mL-1 from 15 paeoniflorin batches,while the transfer rate ranged from 56.58％ to 90.14％,and the average transfer rate was 73.97％ and the standard deviation was 10.91％.The rate of extractum ranged from 16.74％ to 29.24％,the average yield was 21.82％ and the standard deviation was 3.55％.There were eleven common peaks,four of which were identified,including oxypaeoniflorin,albiflorin,paeoniflorin and benzoylpaeoniflorin.In conclusion,it was demonstrated that the method was simple with good repeatability for the preparation and quality standard studies of the standard decoction of paeoniae radix rubra.

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of ZGXF decoction on amphetamine-induced rotation in PD rats with syndrome of liver-yang hyperactivity,and its mechanism involved.Rats received 6-OHDA administration via intra-substantia nigra injection and were intragastrically treated by Fu Zi decoction to establish the PD model with the syndrome of liver-yang hyperactivity.Three doses of ZGXF decoction or selegiline were given by a 28-day intragastric administration.The rats were tested for amphetamine-induced rotation asymmetry.In addition,real-time PCR were adopted to analyze the expressions of Nfe212 and Hmox1 mRNAs,while western blot to analyze the expression of Keap1 protein.As a result,it was found that ZGXF decoction dose-dependently attenuated amphetamine-induced rotation,up-regulated the expressions of Nfe212 and Hmox-1 mRNAs,and down-regulated the expression of Keap1 protein in the substantia nigra in PD rats with syndrome of liver-yang hyperactivity.It was suggested that anti-PD effects of ZGXF decoction be attributed to the up-regulation of Nfe212 and Hmox-1 mRNAs and the down-regulation of Keap1 protein,being associated with oxidative stress,in the substantia nigra of PD rats with syndrome of liver-yang hyperactivity.

This paper described the drafting background,including the process and division of labour,of the general guidelines of clinical trials on new drugs of TCM (hereinafter called the guideline) published by China Food and Drug Administration (CDFA) in 2015.The paper mainly introduced the key content and outstanding characteristics of the guideline.The guideline indicated that purpose and target of the clinical trials on the new drugs of TCM should be in accordance with clinical practice and bring clinical benefits to the patients.Besides,the guideline stipulated that the risk/benefit assessment was requisite before marketing a new drug,emphasizing the importance of adequate exploratory clinical trials,scientificalness of the disignation of the endpoints of clinical efficacy,and the significance of the quality control of clinical trials.The specific requirements for the safety evaluation of the heart,liver and kidney was raised and a request for the preparation of the placebo formulated in the guideline.At the same time,the existing problems and the future development of the guideline are discussed in this paper.

This study was aimed to identify Chrysanthemi Flosbefore and after sulfur fumigation based on its different odour by the electronic nose technology.It was expected to explore a new method for the Chrysanthemi Flos identification according to the odour.The electronic nose technology was used in the detection of peak response values of Chrysanthemi Flos on sensor array.The principal component analysis (PCA) and 10 machine learning (ML) ways were used in the analysis of response values and establishment of optimized identification models.The results showed that there was a significant difference in the odour between sulfur fumigated Chrysanthemi Flos and non-sulfur fumigated ones.The identification models were successful with high correct judge rate by PCA and 6 ML ways including BF Tree,J48 and Random Tree.It was concluded that the electronic nose technology can be used for the accurate identification of sulfur fumigated Chrysanthemi Flos and non-sulfur fumigated ones.The electronic nose technology combined with multiple ML methods can be introduced in the quality evaluation of Chrysanthemi Flos.It provided more ideas for the application of electronic nose in data mining for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) studies.

The study was designed to measure the effect of S.baicalensiswater extract (SBWE) on 3T3-L1 cells and its adiponectin (ADP) mRNA (Adipoq) and promoter luciferase activity.Cell survival rate was determined by MTT assay.The expression of Adipoq was measured by real-time PCR,while the luciferase report systems of Adipoq were used to transfer 3T3-L1 cells.The luciferase activities of the transferred cells were compared by luciferase assay.It was found that the mRNA expression of Adipoq was decreased in comparison with the control group.The luciferase activity showed a stronger ADP promoter activity in 3T3-L1 cells in SBWE treated group than that of control one.In conclusion,SBWE treatment improves the cykomine expression and luciferase reporter gene activity which will be an essential method for further studies of obesity therapy in traditional Chinese medicine.