Discoid semilunar cartilage is an abnormality in which the meniscus is discoid rather than semilunar, and first reported by Young of Glasgow in 1889. 13 cases of discoid semilunar cartilages which were experienced at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of medicine, Seoul National University from Jan. 1956 till Aug. 1972 are reported with review of literature. 1) The incidence was remarkable higher in the male than in the female as 11 versus 2, and higher in the age group of second decade (Average 16.4 year old). 2) Most common site was lateral meniscus, and bilateral discoid meniscus were 3 cases. 3) 3 cases out of 13 cases had complicated rupture of semilunar cartilage, and one case had cyst of the meniscus. 4) Meniscectomy were performed in all cases with successful outcome.
Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; Orthopedics ; Rupture ; Seoul

Hereditary sensory neuropathy is a unusual disease which is charcterized by mutilating acropathy with cutaneous sensory loss and complete absence of sensory apparatus. We experienced a case of bereditary sensory neuropathy Type 2.
Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies

Based on clinical, operative and pathological finding in twenty six cases of giant cell tumor, treated by curettage and bone graft in 14 and resection and bone graft in 5 buring 19 years, from 1958 to 1976, following results were obtained. Even in this study, according to others, giant cell tumors were mostly located around the knee in 16 cases. Following up results postoperatively, the overall recurrence rate of giant cell tumor was 38 percent. Especially in curettage and bone graft, it was recurred in 43 percent. Tumor located around the knee and vertebrae showed higher rate of recurrence than those in other sites. Four of the six patients who had an episode of recurrence recurred within the second years, and the other one in the third years after curettage and bone graft. All the two cases who had experienced a second recurrence were resulted in recurrence within second years after curettage and bone graft. Three of six patients treated by curettage and bone graft as secondary treatment had no recurrence.
Curettage ; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Knee ; Recurrence ; Spine ; Transplants

Chondromalacia patella is a symptom complex characterized by aching pain behind the knee cap, retropatella tenderness that is aggravated by the stair climbing. Malalignment is an important factor causing chondromalacia patella. And to recognize it, is important in the diagnosis and treatment. We studied 3 parameters in the chondromalacic knee and nonchondromalacic knee and the following results was obtained. l. In nonchondromalacic knee, the sulcus angle is 141° 7′ and the congruence angle is −5° 1′ 2. In chonduomalacic knee the sulcus sagle is 139° 2′ and the congruence angle is +5° 3′ 3. In the group with abnormal congruence angle, there was much degenerative changes in the patellofemaral joint. So, it can be inferred that chondromalacia is a precursor of the osteoarthritis and the patient with abnormal congruence angle should be treated actively at the early stage if the conservative treatment had failed.
Cartilage Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Osteoarthritis ; Patella ; Sesamoid Bones

Moyamoya disease is a rare occlusive cerebrovascular disease characterized by stenosis or occlusion of the main cerebral arteries. It has a tendency for multifactorial inheritance and familial occurrence, although its pathogenesis is not clear. We observed this disease in two girls from the same family:one was eight years old and the other was 45 months. They presented with transient ischemic attacks. We performed cerebral angiography on both patients and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) on the younger. Both approaches showed the typical features of moyamoya disease, and MRA successfully revealed abnormal findings specific for the disease in the second child. Both children received encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) and this produced good results. MRA is thus a powerful and noninvasive way of detecting individuals at high risk of developing this disease. Considering the reported familial incidence of moyamoya disease in Japan, a careful search for family members using MRA would probably reveal many more such cases in Korea.
Cerebral Angiography ; Cerebral Arteries ; Child ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; Japan ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Moyamoya Disease* ; Multifactorial Inheritance

Supracondylar fracture of the femur is not as common as the shaft fracture. There is wide range of potential complication in the treatment of these fractures and the method of the treament and the evaluation of it's result is variable and remains controversial. Until 1960, we believed conservative treatment supirior to the operative treatment of the supracondylar fracture of the femur. But recently, anatomical reduction and internal fixation with early joint motion showed satisfactory results and is the trend of treatment of these fracture. The authors of this thesis performed treatment of supracondylar fracture of femur by utilizing Ender nails and screws in 13 cases during the period from October 1987 to November 1988 and it was found that operation was relatively simple, bleeding was little and early exercise of knee was allowed and even for patients of old age internal fixation could be maintained easily.
Femur ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Methods

The mechanical derangement, developmental anomaly, infection amd tumor should be considered as a cause of low back pain in adolescents. Disc herniation in adolescents is very rare and some of that are due to fracture of the epiphyseal ring. We report a case of fracture of the first sacral epiphyseal ring simulating disc rupture.
Adolescent ; Epiphyses ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; Rupture

The main goals of surgical teatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures are to achieve reduction, stability and early, painless mobilization. A further aim is to avoid late malposition and to preserve mobility and lordosis. The main disadvantage of Harrington instrumentation and similar methods are that this device fixate five to seven vertebrae. The Cotrel-Dubousset(C-D) instrumentation provides a stable construct for fixation of spine fracture. The advantages of C-D pedicle screw for thoracolumbar spinal fractures are that compression or distraction force can be applied in the same rod and used to achieve anatomical reduction of spinal fractures and rigid fixation can be obtained with short instrumentation. The C-D instumentation was done for 15 unstable thoracolumbar spinal fractures at Seoul Red Cross Hospital from January, 1988 to January, 1990. The results were as follows. 1. The most common cause of the spine fracture was fall down, and majority are within 20-40 old age. 2. The most common involved site was T12 and Ll vertebrae (66.7%). 3. The most common type of injury was burst fracture by according to Denis classification(60%). 4. The complication was developed mostly in neurological deficient patient. 5. The advantage of the C-D instrumentation: (1) rigid and short osteosynthesis of spine fracture, (2) compression or distraction force can be applied in the same rod, (3) early mobilization with a brace is possible. 6. The rigid fixation can be obtained.
Animals ; Braces ; Early Ambulation ; Humans ; Lordosis ; Pedicle Screws ; Red Cross ; Seoul ; Spinal Fractures ; Spine

Background: and Purpose Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by various prodromal symptoms, and these symptoms are mostly investigated retrospectively. While some symptoms such as rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder are highly specific, others are common. This makes it challenging to predict those at risk of PD based solely on less-specific prodromal symptoms. The prediction accuracy when using only less-specific symptoms can be improved by analyzing the vast amount of information available using sophisticated deep-learning techniques. This study aimed to improve the performance of deep-learning-based screening in detecting prodromal PD using medical-claims data, including prescription information. Methods: We sampled 820 PD patients and 8,200 age- and sex-matched non-PD controls from Korean National Health Insurance cohort data. A deep-learning algorithm was developed using various combinations of diagnostic codes, medication codes, and prodromal periods. Results: During the prodromal period from year -3 to year 0, predicting PD using only diagnostic codes yielded a high accuracy of 0.937. Adding medication codes for the same period did not increase the accuracy (0.931–0.935). For the earlier prodromal period (year -6 to year -3), the accuracy of PD prediction decreased to 0.890 when using only diagnostic codes. The inclusion of all medication-codes data increased that accuracy markedly to 0.922. Conclusions A deep-learning algorithm using both prodromal diagnostic and medication codes was effective in screening PD. Developing a surveillance system with automatically collected medical-claims data for those at risk of developing PD could be cost-effective. This approach could streamline the process of developing disease-modifying drugs by focusing on the most-appropriate candidates for inclusion in accurate diagnostic tests.

Background: and Purpose Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by various prodromal symptoms, and these symptoms are mostly investigated retrospectively. While some symptoms such as rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder are highly specific, others are common. This makes it challenging to predict those at risk of PD based solely on less-specific prodromal symptoms. The prediction accuracy when using only less-specific symptoms can be improved by analyzing the vast amount of information available using sophisticated deep-learning techniques. This study aimed to improve the performance of deep-learning-based screening in detecting prodromal PD using medical-claims data, including prescription information. Methods: We sampled 820 PD patients and 8,200 age- and sex-matched non-PD controls from Korean National Health Insurance cohort data. A deep-learning algorithm was developed using various combinations of diagnostic codes, medication codes, and prodromal periods. Results: During the prodromal period from year -3 to year 0, predicting PD using only diagnostic codes yielded a high accuracy of 0.937. Adding medication codes for the same period did not increase the accuracy (0.931–0.935). For the earlier prodromal period (year -6 to year -3), the accuracy of PD prediction decreased to 0.890 when using only diagnostic codes. The inclusion of all medication-codes data increased that accuracy markedly to 0.922. Conclusions A deep-learning algorithm using both prodromal diagnostic and medication codes was effective in screening PD. Developing a surveillance system with automatically collected medical-claims data for those at risk of developing PD could be cost-effective. This approach could streamline the process of developing disease-modifying drugs by focusing on the most-appropriate candidates for inclusion in accurate diagnostic tests.