No abstract available.
Arthritis, Infectious* ; Hip Joint* ; Hip*

Intertrochanteric fractures are common in older age group. Recently better implant design and surgical technique have improved clinical results. But still many patients suffer from high morbidity and mortality, because of accompanying osteoporosis and various senile diseases. From January 1991 to June 1994, we treated 54 patients older than 70 years with intertrochanteric fractures of femur. Among them, 23 patients were followed up at our hospital and the other patients were informed from police station. Lost follow up was ten patients and final follow up were 44 patients. Mortality was analyzed for the detection of causative factors, such as age, sex, associated medical problems. type of fracture, degree of osteoporosis, type of operation, internal between injury and operation and duration of admission. The results were as follows; 1. 26 patients survived and 18 patients died(Mortality rate :40.9%) 2. 10 patients died within 1 year(Mortality rate :22.7%) 3. Mortality was related to associated medical problems, interval between in jury and operation and type of fracture, which were statistically significant(P < 0.05).
Aged ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Fractures ; Humans ; Mortality ; Osteoporosis ; Police

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF) is characterized by erythematous patches of follicular papules and pustules that mainly involve the face. Although various treatments have been attempted for EPF, including systemic and topical steroids, dapsone and indomethacin, there is no consensus on the first choice for treatment. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of naproxen treatment for EPF patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 16 biopsy-proven EPF patients who were treated with naproxen. Initial dose of oral naproxen was 500 mg to 1,000 mg. Therapeutic effects were evaluated by 3 grades: NR (no response), PR (partial remission, >50% improvement), CR (complete remission). RESULTS: Of the 16 EPF patients, 11 patients (69%) showed either complete remission (50%) or partial remission (19%). The median time to response for good responders (CR+PR) was 1.5 weeks. Two patients (13%) had mild gastrointestinal side effects, such as indigestion, but the symptoms disappeared soon after use of a gastrointestinal protectant. CONCLUSION: Oral naproxen may be an effective and safe treatment modality for EPF.
Consensus ; Dapsone ; Dyspepsia ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Folliculitis ; Humans ; Indomethacin ; Naproxen ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous ; Steroids

The two basic scripts of the Korean writing system, Hanja (the logography of the traditional Korean character) and Hangul (the more newer Korean alphabet), have been used together since the 14th century. While Hanja character has its own morphemic base, Hangul being purely phonemic without morphemic base. These two, therefore, have substantially different outcomes as a language as well as different neural responses. Based on these linguistic differences between Hanja and Hangul, we have launched two studies; first was to find differences in cortical activation when it is stimulated by Hanja and Hangul reading to support the much discussed dual-route hypothesis of logographic and phonological routes in the brain by fMRI (Experiment 1). The second objective was to evaluate how Hanja and Hangul affect comprehension, therefore, recognition memory, specifically the effects of semantic transparency and morphemic clarity on memory consolidation and then related cortical activations, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (Experiment 2). The first fMRI experiment indicated relatively large areas of the brain are activated by Hanja reading compared to Hangul reading. The second experiment, the recognition memory study, revealed two findings, that is there is only a small difference in recognition memory for semantic transparency, while for the morphemic clarity was much larger between Hanja and Hangul. That is the morphemic clarity has significantly more effect than semantic transparency on recognition memory when studies by fMRI in correlation with behavioral study.
Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping/*methods ; Brain Waves/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neurolinguistic Programming ; Recognition (Psychology)/physiology ; Writing

No abstract available.
Choroid/pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmia, Sympathetic/*etiology/pathology ; Retina/pathology ; Retinal Detachment/surgery ; Vitrectomy/*adverse effects

No abstract available.
Choroid/pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmia, Sympathetic/*etiology/pathology ; Retina/pathology ; Retinal Detachment/surgery ; Vitrectomy/*adverse effects

PURPOSE: We performed this study in order to evaluate the incidence and characteristics of urolithiasis in patients with malignant hematologic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine hundred one patients who underwent medical treatment for malignant hematologic disease and 40,543 patients who visited the emergency room and without malignant hematologic diseases were included in our study. The patients with malignant hematologic diseases were divided into two groups depending on their primary treatment. Group I included patients with acute and chronic leukemia (AML, ALL, CML, CLL) for which chemotherapy and steroid therapy was necessary, and group II included patients with anaplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome and who had undergone repeated transfusion for treatment. Comparisons were made between the two groups in respect to the incidence of urolithiasis and the stones' radiopacity. RESULTS: Twenty nine patients (3.2%) of the 901 malignant hematologic patients were diagnosed with urolithiasis, compared to 575 patients (1.4%) of 40,543 emergency room patients. There was a significant increase of the incidence of urolithiasis in the malignant hematologic group. Compared to the general patients, the patients with malignant hematologic diseases had a higher rate of radiolucent stones (46.6% versus 16.3%, respectively), and the difference was significant. CONCLUSION: The incidence of urolithiasis for malignant hematologic patients was significantly higher than that for the control group.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hematologic Diseases/*complications/epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukemia/complications/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes/complications/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Urolithiasis/*epidemiology/*etiology ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a clinicopathologic syndrome for widespread intravascular coagulation. DIC occurs when the processes that regulate coagulation break down. Staphylococcal infection is one of the causes of DIC. Staphylococcus aureus produces coagulase that can clot plasma. There are two different tests to detect the coagulase; a tube test for free coagulase and a slide test for bound coagulase or clumping factor. The goal of the present study is to evaluate the characteristics of coagulase in Staphylococcus aureus for establishment of an in-vitro model for DIC. METHODS: Coagulase tests were performed by mixing plasma with two-fold diluted culture broths, culture supernatant and culture filtrates. Coagulase activity was expressed as the reciprocal of the highest dilution titer. Cell pellets treated with normal saline, ethyl alcohol, and aceton were used for the clumping tests. Platelet aggregation tests were conducted using a culture broth and a concentrated culture supernatant. A fibrinogen binding protein was isolated from sonificated bacteria and thus, determined the molecular weight. RESULTS: Coagulase activity was higher in the broth culture than in the culture supernatant and culture filtrate. Coagulase activity decreased after incubation at 37degrees C for 24 hours but culture filtrates were clumped after boiling at 100degrees C for 10 minutes. Alcohol and aceton did not inhibit the clumping test. S. aureus induced platelet aggregation but a concentrated culture filtrate did not induce platelet aggregation. Molecular weight of fibrinogen binding protein was 57 kDa. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that the plasma clot was due to free coagulase or a clumping factor. Free coagulase is different from a clumping factor. We concluded that the pathogenesis of DIC in the staphylococcal infection was due to platelet aggregation triggered by a clumping factor or coagulase with other substances.
Bacteria ; Carrier Proteins ; Coagulase* ; Dacarbazine ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation* ; Ethanol ; Fibrinogen ; Molecular Weight ; Plasma ; Platelet Aggregation ; Staphylococcal Infections ; Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcus*

Purpose: To report a case of acute angle-closure attack resulting from hemorrhagic retinal detachment after a double retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tear in exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with large pigment epithelial detachment (PED).Case summary: A 66-year-old female visited with a complaint of poor vision in left eye, which began 1 month prior. She was diagnosed with exudative AMD with a large PED using optical coherence tomography and indocyanine green angiography. Intravitreal aflibercept injection was performed. The RPE tear occurred at 2 weeks after the intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection for AMD, after which the range of the RPE tear expanded and included the macular area at 4 weeks after the second injection. At 3 months after the third injection, massive submacular hemorrhage occurred; aflibercept injection was repeated. At 3 days after the fourth injection, the patient’s intraocular pressure (IOP) was 60 mmHg, and massive hemorrhagic serous retinal detachment and anterior movement of the lens with total angle closure were observed. Therefore, we performed a sclerotomy; a large amount of dark blood and subretinal fluid was drained. The IOP decreased, and the retinal detachment improved somewhat. The patient was kept under observation for careful monitoring of her condition. Conclusions It is very rare to experience a double RPE rupture after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection in AMD. We report on our experience and treatment of acute angle-closure attack. The IOP increased due to hemorrhagic retinal detachment after a double RPE tear over the treatment course.

Purpose: This study investigated the 1-year outcomes of a treat-and-extend regimen of ranibizumab for exudative age-related macular degeneration and examined the clinical results when drug treatment was changed within the same period. Methods: This retrospective analysis included 32 eyes first diagnosed with wet age-related macular degeneration and treated for more than 1 year with a treat-and-extend regimen of ranibizumab, as well as 24 eyes treated by changing from ranibizumab to aflibercept within the same period. The injection number, maximum injection interval, change in central retinal thickness, and best-corrected visual acuity were assessed in all eyes. Results: In 32 eyes that received a treat-and-extend regimen of ranibizumab, the mean best-corrected visual acuity improved from 59.46 ± 15.13 to 68.00 ± 12.48 at 12 months (p < 0.0001). The mean central retinal thickness decreased from 409 ± 141 μm to 273 ± 89 μm at 12 months (p < 0.0001). The average number of injections per year was 7.2 ± 0.85. One complication related to the 12 months of injections was a tear in the retinal pigment epithelium; no systemic complications were observed. Of 24 eyes that underwent a change in medication, the rate of maintenance or improvement in initial visual acuity was 83% (10 eyes). The central retinal thickness was initially 371.58 ± 109.96 μm, but improved to 290.33 ± 58.66 μm in 12 eyes that received three injections of aflibercept. Conclusions At 1 year, good outcomes were obtained using treat-and-extend ranibizumab for exudative age-related macular degeneration. When the treatment was changed to aflibercept within the same period, vision was often maintained and short-term anatomical improvement was evident.