No abstract available.
Bile* ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen* ; Gallbladder* ; Mesenteric Veins*

Ureteritis cystica is one of the cystic diseases formed in the mucosa or submucosa of the renal pelvic, ureter and bladder by chronic inflammation or irritation. A rare case of ureteritis cystica confirmed by ureteroscopy is presented with review of the literatures.
Inflammation ; Mucous Membrane ; Ureter* ; Ureteroscopy ; Urinary Bladder

PURPOSE: To determine the relation between the pathogenesis of idiopathic macular hole and perifoveal vitreous detachment using OCT scan. METHODS: On 28 eyes with idiopathic macular hole stage 1,2,3 which was graded according to using the classification described by Gass and on 123 eyes from the normal contrast group, OCT scan were performed to obtain axial views of the vitreoretinal interface in the posterior pole. The incidence of perifoveal vitreous detachment was assessed. RESULTS: 18 of the 28 eyes (64.2%) from the macular hole group and 15 of the 123 eyes (12.1%) from the normal contrast group had perifoveal vitreous detachment on OCT scan. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference on the incidence of perifoveal vitreous detachment according to stage of macular hole. CONCLUSIONS: These results led to the conclusion that there is a significant relation between the pathogenesis of macular hole and the papillofoveal traction.
Classification ; Incidence ; Retinal Perforations* ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Traction ; Vitreous Detachment*

Phospholipase D (PLD), one of the intracellular signal transduction enzymes, may play an important role in developing brain. However, the developmental regulation of PLD protein has not been determined. In the present study, we investigated the temporal and spatial expression of PLD isozyme, PLD1 in the developing rat forebrain using an affinity-purified peptide antibody against PLD1. Our data showed that immunoreactivity for PLD1 was first seen in the germinal zone of the lateral ventricle, differentiating neurons and their processes at embryonic day 18 (E18). At E20, clusters of immunoreactive cells were observed in the medial germinal zone of the lateral ventricle, restricted zones of the frontal and parietal cortex, the nuclei of the medial septum and the diagonal band. During the first postnatal week, there was an increase in the number and staining intensity of the immunoreactive neurons in the cerebral cortex, which peaked at postnatal day 7 (P7). During the second postnatal week, there was an abrupt decrease in the number of immunoreactive cortical pyramidal neurons. By P14, only a few of the pyramidal neurons in cerebral cortex layer V were immunoreactive. These results revealed that expression of PLD1 protein at various stages of development of the septum and cerebral cortex is differentially regulated. This suggests that PLD1 may regulate the developmental processes of some neuronal populations.
Animals ; Brain ; Cerebral Cortex ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lateral Ventricles ; Neurons ; Phospholipase D ; Phospholipases* ; Prosencephalon* ; Rabeprazole ; Rats* ; Signal Transduction

Purpose: To confirm the clinical features of hemicentral retinal vein occlusion and identify predictors of visual outcomes. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with hemicentral retinal vein occlusion between January 2018 and December 2022 and followed for more than 6 months. Patients underwent intravitreal injections as necessary for intraretinal edema. Visual acuity, central macular thickness, ellipsoid zone damage, and the location of inner retinal layer edema were assessed. Patients were categorized into groups A and group B based on the visual acuity at 6 months. Results: In total, 20 eyes were followed, with 15 eyes observed for up to 12 months. Seven patients (35.0%) had diabetes and 11 (55.0%) had hypertension. There was a correlation between poor vision at 6 months and hypertension (p = 0.033). The visual acuity of all patients improved from a logMAR of 0.96 at the initial visit to a logMAR of 0.35 at 6 months (p = 0.005). In the group with good initial visual acuity, there were no significant changes in visual acuity during the follow-up period (p = 0.444). The group with good visual acuity at 6 months had a lower degree of photoreceptor ellipsoid zone disruption compared to the group with poor initial vision, indicating a normal structure (p = 0.015). Conclusions During follow-up of patients with hemicentral retinal vein occlusion, overall visual acuity improved over time. Patients with good initial acuity maintained it. Favorable visual outcomes can be expected if the ellipsoid zone has a normal structure at the time of the first examination.

Purpose: To confirm the clinical features of hemicentral retinal vein occlusion and identify predictors of visual outcomes. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with hemicentral retinal vein occlusion between January 2018 and December 2022 and followed for more than 6 months. Patients underwent intravitreal injections as necessary for intraretinal edema. Visual acuity, central macular thickness, ellipsoid zone damage, and the location of inner retinal layer edema were assessed. Patients were categorized into groups A and group B based on the visual acuity at 6 months. Results: In total, 20 eyes were followed, with 15 eyes observed for up to 12 months. Seven patients (35.0%) had diabetes and 11 (55.0%) had hypertension. There was a correlation between poor vision at 6 months and hypertension (p = 0.033). The visual acuity of all patients improved from a logMAR of 0.96 at the initial visit to a logMAR of 0.35 at 6 months (p = 0.005). In the group with good initial visual acuity, there were no significant changes in visual acuity during the follow-up period (p = 0.444). The group with good visual acuity at 6 months had a lower degree of photoreceptor ellipsoid zone disruption compared to the group with poor initial vision, indicating a normal structure (p = 0.015). Conclusions During follow-up of patients with hemicentral retinal vein occlusion, overall visual acuity improved over time. Patients with good initial acuity maintained it. Favorable visual outcomes can be expected if the ellipsoid zone has a normal structure at the time of the first examination.

Purpose: To confirm the clinical features of hemicentral retinal vein occlusion and identify predictors of visual outcomes. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with hemicentral retinal vein occlusion between January 2018 and December 2022 and followed for more than 6 months. Patients underwent intravitreal injections as necessary for intraretinal edema. Visual acuity, central macular thickness, ellipsoid zone damage, and the location of inner retinal layer edema were assessed. Patients were categorized into groups A and group B based on the visual acuity at 6 months. Results: In total, 20 eyes were followed, with 15 eyes observed for up to 12 months. Seven patients (35.0%) had diabetes and 11 (55.0%) had hypertension. There was a correlation between poor vision at 6 months and hypertension (p = 0.033). The visual acuity of all patients improved from a logMAR of 0.96 at the initial visit to a logMAR of 0.35 at 6 months (p = 0.005). In the group with good initial visual acuity, there were no significant changes in visual acuity during the follow-up period (p = 0.444). The group with good visual acuity at 6 months had a lower degree of photoreceptor ellipsoid zone disruption compared to the group with poor initial vision, indicating a normal structure (p = 0.015). Conclusions During follow-up of patients with hemicentral retinal vein occlusion, overall visual acuity improved over time. Patients with good initial acuity maintained it. Favorable visual outcomes can be expected if the ellipsoid zone has a normal structure at the time of the first examination.

Langerhans cell sarcoma (LCS) is a neoplastic proliferation of Langerhans cells with malignant cytological features and multi-organ involvement that typically has a poor prognosis. We experienced 2 cases of LCS in children less than 2 years of age and report them based primarily on CT and MR findings. Both children had findings of hepatosplenomegaly with low-attenuation nodular lesions, had multiple lymphadenopathy, and had shown recurrent lesions invading the skull during follow-up after chemotherapy.
Female ; Hepatomegaly/diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Langerhans Cell Sarcoma/*diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mediastinal Neoplasms/*diagnosis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Skull Neoplasms/*diagnosis ; Splenomegaly/diagnosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI) secondary to chronic urinary tract obstruction is a rare disease. The exact cause is unknown but it is likely that increased collecting duct pressures cause damage to the tubular epithelium, resulting in insensitivity to the action of arginine-vasopressin (AVP). A 77-year-old man complaining of polyuria and polydipsia was treated with alpha glucosidase inhibitor under the impression of polyuria due to diabetes mellitus. But his symptoms did not improve. Water deprivation and AVP administration study revealed that the patient had nephrogenic DI. Urinary tract obstruction due to an enlarged prostate was suggested as a principal cause of nephrogenic DI. The patient underwent transurethral resection of the prostate and bilateral subcapsular orchiectomy. After surgery, the urine osmolarity was normalized and the patient became symptom-free. We report a case of nephrogenic DI due to obstructive uropathy which was cured by surgery eliminating obstruction.
Adenocarcinoma/ultrasonography ; Adenocarcinoma/radionuclide imaging ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Adenocarcinoma/complications* ; Aged ; Case Report ; Constriction, Pathologic/etiology ; Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic/etiology* ; Human ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms/ultrasonography ; Prostatic Neoplasms/radionuclide imaging ; Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms/complications* ; Urologic Diseases/etiology*

Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collaterals is a rare and complex lesion in which great morphologic variability exists regarding the sources of pulmonary blood flow. We report a case of this disease with no true central pulmonary arteries in a 9-month-old-boy successfully treated by one-stage complete unifocalization and repair from a midline sternotomy approach.
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Atresia* ; Sternotomy