No abstract available.
Congenital Hypothyroidism*

Traumatic dislocation of the knee joint occurs very infrequently, but is one of the true emergencies in the orthopedic field. It is a serious injury, associated with extensive soft tissue demage and the danger of neurological and vascular involvement. There is a lot of theories about the mechanism of injury, the treatment and the incidence of complications. Generally they accept that in irreducible cases operative reduction is essential, but there is no uniformity of opinion on the treatment of the uncomplicated cases. This paper is based on 7 traumatic knee dislocations treated at Kang Nam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym College during the period from January 1980 till December 1984. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The patients are mostly injured due to the traffic accident and show even age distribution from twenties to fifties. 2. 5 cases out of 7, reduced at our hospital, were all anteriorly dislocated. 3. The posterior capsule and the posterior cruciate ligament were injured in all cases. 4. There were no significant differences between primary repair of soft tissues and the late reconstruction.
Accidents, Traffic ; Age Distribution ; Clinical Study ; Clothing ; Dislocations ; Emergencies ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Knee Dislocation ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Orthopedics ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament

No Abstract Available.
Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Spine*

No abstract available.
Holoprosencephaly*

Chronic inflammation of the meibonliarl glands (chalazia) frequently become troublesome because of recurrences, cosmetic blemish and distortion of vision when it is large enough. Medical treatment with hot compress, topically administered antibiotics and corncosteroids often fail to cure, so leads to chalazia with trial intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide. Ten chalazia reso1ved within one week after only one injection, two chalazia after two injections, one chalazion after three injections and one lesion failed to respond to three injections which was removed by surgery. We observed that intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide for chalaza is a good procedure, which appear to be a safe, convinient and effective alternative to chalazion surgery.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Chalazion* ; Inflammation ; Injections, Intralesional ; Recurrence ; Triamcinolone Acetonide* ; Triamcinolone*

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the expression of uPA and uPAR in eutopic endometrium of advanced stage endometriosis and control patients. METHODS: The 33 endometriosis patients and 32 controls were enrolled. Endometrial samples were obtained from 65 premenopausal women aged 29~44 years, undergoing laparoscopic surgery or hysterectomy for non-malignant lesions. Sufficient samples were collected from 33 patients with endometriosis stage III and IV and 32 controls without endometriosis confirmed by laparoscopic surgery. The mRNA expression of uPA and uPAR from eutopic endometrium were analyzed by RT-QC PCR. RESULTS: The mRNAs of uPA and uPAR were expressed in eutopic endometrium from endometriosis and normal controls throughout the menstrual cycle. Uterine endometrium from women with endometriosis expresses significantly (p<0.05) higher levels of u-PA mRNA than endometrium from normal women without endometriosis in the proliferative phase. There were no significant differences in expression of uPAR in eutopic endometrium between controls and endometriosis patients. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that eutopic endometrium from endometriosis patients may be more invasive and prone to peritoneal implantation because of greater u-PA mRNA expression than endometrium from women without endometriosis. Thus, increased proteolytic activity may be one etiology for the invasive properties of the endometrium resulting in the development of endometriosis.
Endometriosis* ; Endometrium* ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Laparoscopy ; Menstrual Cycle ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Proteolysis ; RNA, Messenger* ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

The effect of exercise on plasma insulin, free fatty acid, and glucose uptake and glycogen concentration in soleus, and intravenous glucose tolerance of streptozotocin treated, diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. Diabetic-trained animals were subjected to a regular program of treadmill running for 4 weeks. Seventy-two hours after the last training session, basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was studied in incubated strips (about 20 mg) of soleus muscle in vitro. Glucose tolerance was measured with intravenous infusion of 0.5 g glucose/kg body weight. In diabetic rats, training was associated with increase glucose uptake in basal and maximal insulin concentrations, decreased fasting glucose concentrations, and increased muscle glycogen levels, but there were no changes in glucose tolerance curve and plasma insulin concentrations. These results suggest that regular running program for 4 weeks improve responsiveness of insulin on soleus muscle, but fails to cause improvement of impaired intravenous glucose tolerance in mild degree streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Exercise* ; Fasting ; Glucose Tolerance Test* ; Glucose* ; Glycogen ; In Vitro Techniques ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Insulin ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Plasma ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Running ; Streptozocin*

The influence of normal late pregnancy on insulin action and insulin secretion was studied in the Sprague-Dawley female rats. On 20th day after mating, intravenous glucose tolerance test(IVGTI) was performed in non pregnant control and pregnant rats. As results of IVGTT, glucose disappearance rate was not significantly different in both groups, but secretory response of insulin was significantly(p<0.05) increased in pregnant rat. And the ratio of insulin/ .glucose was significantly higher in pregnant rats, which means existence of insulin resistance. These insulin resistance was overcomed by increased secretory response of pancreatic insulin. Insulinogenic index( A insulin/glucose - 5 min) was highly significantly (r=0.62, p<0.01) correlated with progesterone concentration. Glycogen level and amounts of "C-glucose incorporated into glycogen after IVGTT were significantly(p<0. 05) decreased in the liver, but were not changed significantly in soleus. Glycogen synthase activity of soleus and liver was not differ significantly in the both groups. Insulin binding at varying concentrations of insulin to crude membrane of pregnant liver was not significantly different from control. In conclusions, although these pregnant rats were normal glucose tolerance due to increased secretory response of insulin, that was correlated with progesterone concentration, pregnant rat had insulin resistance. The mechanisms of insulin resistance were not related to defect of insulin binding phase and glycogen synthase, but suggest pre-receptor and/or postreceptor phase.
Animals ; Female ; Glucose ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Glycogen ; Glycogen Synthase ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance* ; Insulin* ; Liver ; Membranes ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Insulin

During general anesthesia, removal of exhaled carbon dioxide by rebreathing appliances is provided by chemical absorption and this carbon dioxide absorption during anesthesia would at first glance seem to be a simple problem. The problem, however, is far more complicated and much attention must be given to details of rebreathing appliances. Incomplete removal of carbon dioxide in circle absorber systems, which are commonly used today must be carefully monitored to prevent hypercapnea caused by accumulation of carbon dioxide in the breathing circuits. Although circle absorbers have been developed through clinical trials anesthesiologists have no reliable indication of the end point of useful life of the absorbent. This study was undertaken to investigate the useful life of the soda lime used in two type of canisters (type A: canister of anesthesia machine. Quantiflex, USA. 12.9cmX16.6cm, tbye B: canister of anesthesia machine, International 2. U.K., 13.1cmX16.9cm). the effect of flow rate on this useful life and the relations between indicator change and the endpoint of useful life of the soda lime. The control group used a as total flow rate of fresh gases at 2.0 liters per minute and the experimental group used a total flow rate of 4.0 liters per minute. The carbon dioxide concentration of 0.1% at the canister exit was employed as the end point of useful life of the absorbent and the exit carbon dioxide concentration were monitored continuously by intra-red carbon dioxide monitor apparatus(Datex Normocap CD-102, Pinland). Also the carbon dioxide concentration in the respiratory circuit of exhaling side was examined. The results were as follows: 1) In type A, the average useful life of soda lime was 1,885 minutes in the control group and 2,514 minutes in the experimental group. In type B, the average useful life of soda lime was 1,587 minutes in the control group and 1,980 minutes in the experimental group. 2) At the end point of useful life of the absorbent the level of the color change of the indicator of the absorbent in all types was above the three-fourth height of two chambered canister. 3) At the end point, end tidal CO2 concentration was 3.5 vol% in the control group 2.88 vol% in the experimental group. The data obtained from this observation indicated that the increase of total flow rate of gas and the type A canister prolonged the useful life of soda lime and that the double chambered canister could be used safely until the color change of the indicator reached the level of three fourth the height of the canister.
Absorption ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Carbon Dioxide ; Exhalation ; Gases ; Respiration