No abstract available.
Accidents, Traffic*

No abstract available.
Anemia* ; Bone Marrow Transplantation* ; Bone Marrow*

No abstract available.
Anemia, Aplastic* ; Antilymphocyte Serum* ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor* ; Granulocytes* ; Humans*

Endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL) is effective in both emergent and elective treatment of esophageal varices and can be used as a safe alternative to sclerotherapy. However, as yet no transparent ligating device is widely available, the endoscopic view through the present commercial ligating device is so narrow that it is often difficult to both approach the target and accurately define and position the bleeding site. To assess the benifit of transparent EVL device, total 143 patients, 632 sessions, underwent EVL treatment. In 545 sessions the non-transparent, conventional-type ligating devices (Stigmann-Goff ligating devices) were used, whereas in 87 sessions the transparent ligating devices used. 35 patients underwent EVL under active bleeding conditions; in 29 patients a conventional ligation devices, whereas in 6 patients a transparent ligating devices were used. The remaining l08 patients were either electively treated by EVL. The visual fields decreased to 20-30% with the conventional devices, but no change of visual fields were noted with the transparent devices. In electively treated cases by EVL, the times need to ligate one band were not significantly different in the conventional devices (average, 18.5 sec) compared with that in the transparent devices (average, 16.7 sec), but in active bleeding conditions it took a significantly longer times in the conventional devices (mean, 30.7 sec) compared with that in the transparent devices (average, 19.4 sec). The hemostatic success rates in active bleeding conditions were 89.7%(26/29) using the conventional devices, 100%(6/6) using the transparent devices. In conclusion this newly developed transparent ligating device provides an improved visual field and shortens ligating time, especially in active bleeding condition. Therefore EVL using transparent device is more effective method in treatment of esophageal varices, especially active bleeding conditions.
Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Ligation* ; Sclerotherapy ; Visual Fields

Gastational choriocarcinoma is a malignant neoplasm of trophoblast. It may occur after hydatidiform mole, spontaneous abortion, normal pregnancy, and even an ectopic pregnancy. Extragenital choriocarcinoma is a rare tumor which attracts interest because of its controversial pathogenesis. It has been reported to occur within the lung, mediastinum, breast, prostate, thymus, pineal, nose, liver, bladder, and biliary tree, as well as most parts of the gastrointestinal tract. We experienced a case of primary choriocarcinoma of stomach with a metastasis to the liver of a 54-year-old man. So, we present a case with a review of literature.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Biliary Tract ; Breast ; Choriocarcinoma* ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Hydatidiform Mole ; Liver ; Lung ; Mediastinum ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nose ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Prostate ; Stomach ; Thymus Gland ; Trophoblasts ; Urinary Bladder

BACKGROUND: Rocuronium has a high incidence of inducing pain by intravenous injection, and different methods have been used to minimize the incidence and severity of this pain. In this study, we have compared the effects of lidocaine and metoclopramide pretreatments on rocuronium injection pain. METHODS: Ninety healthy patients scheduled for general anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups; a saline group (n = 30), a lidocaine group (n = 30), and a metoclopramide group (n = 30). Each patient received 2 ml of pretreatment solution (normal saline, 2% lidocaine, or 0.5% metoclopramide) via an 18 G angiocatheter inserted in the antecubital fossa after applying an arm tourniquet inflated to 50 mmHg. The tourniquet was released 1 minute later, and this was followed by an intravenous injection of 0.6 mg/kg of rocuronium. General anesthesia then induced with thiopental sodium (5 mg/kg). The assessment of pain was made at the induction of anesthesia and in the recovery room, and the severity of pain was classified as none, mild, moderate, or severe by an observer. RESULTS: The severity and incidence of pain diminished significantly in the lidocaine and metoclopramide groups compared with the saline group at the induction of anesthesia (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between the lidocaine and metoclopramide groups. Similar results were obtained in the recovery room; one patient in each of the saline and metoclopramide groups had no recall regarding injection pain. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous metoclopramide pretreatment is as effective as intravenous lidocaine pretreatment for alleviating rocuronium injection pain.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Arm ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lidocaine* ; Metoclopramide* ; Recovery Room ; Thiopental ; Tourniquets

PURPOSE: It is known that heat production in breast cancer is caused by hypermetabolism, hypervascularization and hyperperfusion in the affected regions of the breast. The object of this study is to detect the heat production in breast cancer of Korean women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 240 patients with breast cancer and benign mass were examined by digital infrared thermographic system from January 1991 through December 1995. The heat production was detected when there was a hot spot on clinically palpable breast mass area on the breast thermogram. RESULTS: Of the 240 patients, 130 with breast cancer and 110 with benign mass, as control group. 118 (90.8%) of 130 patients with breast cancer had the heat production, but only 12 (10.9%) of 110 patients with benign mass had the heat production (p<0.0001). The sensitivity of breast thermogram was 90.8% and the specificity was 89.1%. 16 (64%) of 25 breast cancer of which size was smaller than 2 cm had the heat production. But all of 45 breast cancer of which size was larger than 4 cm had the heat production (p<0.0001). 103 (79.2%) of breast cancer had greater than 2degrees C in thermal difference (delta T), and 120 (92.3%) had greater than 1degrees C. CONCLUSION: We conclude that there is heat production in breast cancer. And also the heat production in breast cancer could be detected by the breast thermography. We suggest that further studies of mechanism about heat production in breast cancer is necessary.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Female ; Hot Temperature* ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thermogenesis* ; Thermography

No abstract available.
Anesthesia, General* ; Humans ; Multiple System Atrophy*

No abstract available.
Anesthesia, General* ; Humans ; Multiple System Atrophy*

Choledochal cyst is a relatively rare disease entity considered to be a congenital cyatic dilatation of the common bile duct. Since occurrence of malignant tumor in choledochal cyet was first reported by Irwin and Morrison in 1944, approximately 100 more cases of malignant tumors arising in congenital choledocal cyst have been reported in the world, and the risk of malignant tumor related to choledochal cyst have been reported 2.4-14%. Recently, we experienced a case of adenocarcinoma arising in choledochal cyst in 39 year-old woman who was diagnosed by ERCP and cholangioscopy with forceps biopsy, and was treated with en bloc resection of the choledochal cyst along with the pancreatic head and duodenum.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adult ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; Biopsy ; Cholangiocarcinoma* ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Choledochal Cyst ; Common Bile Duct ; Dilatation ; Duodenum ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Rare Diseases ; Surgical Instruments