No abstract available.
Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Rats*

Two hundreds and forty six preoperative endoseopic gastric biopsies from 236 conaecutive cases were subjected to the retrospective analyais of diagnostic accuracy among 597 tumor- bearing gastrectomy specimens confirmed by extended histotopographic investigations during a period of 1980 to 1981 at Seoul National University Hospital. The overall diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic gastric biopsy was 93.1% with 0.8% false positivity and 3.5% of false negative caaes; of those, the concordance rate of preoperative biopsy diagnosis based on the histotopographic investigation of the gastrectomy remained in 85.5%, whereas 75% of diagnostic discrepancy wae reaulted from inappropriate biopsy sampling or failure of neoplastic tissue obtainability; and the rest of 25% was mostly false negative cases. (continue...)
Biopsy* ; Diagnosis ; Gastrectomy ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul

A review has been made of mortality trends in Korea from 1958 to 1907 analyzing the data by sex, age and cause of death. The crude death rates and age specific death rates were estimate6 by the model of N. Keyfitz life table which had teen developed by the data of the 1960's national census. The cause specific death rates shown in this article are based on the following: all deaths occurring in the death-registration are expressed as a numberator, while the denominator was estimated from the regular national census data by interpolation method. It is estimated that only an average of about 40% of deaths which occurred during a year were registered during 1958 to 1967. The validity and the reliability of the diagnosis of causes of death seem to be extremely poor in this country. Therefore the cause specific death rates in this article are aimed to reveal trends of causes of registered death and not for the actual level of death rates. For 10 years very interesting mortality trends were observed : 1. The trend in the crude death rates was downward slowly. 2. The estimated death rate for the infant in 1960 was still high up to 100 per 1,000. 3. The rates for mortality attributed to such infectious diseases as pneumonia, bronchitis, gastroenteritis and measles decreased an average 40-60%. 4. The death rates for over-all tuberculosis decreased only 9.8%. 50% of the decrease was contributed by those in the less-than-15 year age group. 5. The death rates for chronic diseases, such as vascular diseases affecting the central nervous system, malignant neoplasm, major heart diseases and all accidents rose about 40-60%. 6. The rank order of the 10 leading causes of death showed large changes over the years, except for pneumonia and tuberculosis which occupyed 1st and End places respectively. Vascular diseases affecting the central nervous system moved from 5th to 3rd place and malignant neoplasm from 6th to 4th palace. The major heart diseases moved from 10th to 6th place and all accidents from 10th to 7th place. On the other hand, gastroenteritis moved from 3rd to 5th place and influenza from 4th to 8th place.
Adolescent ; Bronchitis ; Cause of Death ; Censuses ; Central Nervous System ; Chronic Disease ; Communicable Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Gastroenteritis ; Hand ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Infant ; Influenza, Human ; Korea* ; Life Tables ; Measles ; Mortality* ; Pneumonia ; Tuberculosis ; Vascular Diseases

PURPOSE: To analyze the significance of interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration and Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) from tracheal aspirates (TA) taken immediately after birth in the development of chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD), and to analyze the risk factors for CLD according to the preceding illnesses. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was done in 75 inborn preterm infants admitted to a university hospital NICU and intubated at birth for the respiratory care. TA was taken to measure IL-6 by ELISA and to perform UU PCR. The patients were grouped into four, according to the history of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and chorioamnionitis (CA). RESULTS: PCR positive rate of UU was 25.3%. Positive PCR was significantly frequent in the patients with CLD or CA. IL-6 in TA was significantly higher with CLD, CA, or positive PCR. Risk factors for CLD were increased IL-6, positive UU PCR, and PDA in all patients. The risk factors for CLD were PDA in RDS(+)CA(-) group [OR 2.11; 95% CI 1.15-3.89]; PDA [OR 12.0; 95% CI 2.50-57.67] and IL-6 (>284.7 pg/mL) [OR 3.75; 95% CI 1.01-13.90] in RDS(+)CA(+) group; and IL-6 (>284.7 pg/mL) [OR 8.25; 95% CI 1.54-44.14] in RDS(-)CA(+) group. CONCLUSION: PDA was a risk factor for CLD following RDS and increased IL-6 for CLD following CA. Inflammatory response of fetal lung, measured by IL-6 and UU PCR in TA at birth in preterm infants, was associated with CA and might be a risk factor for the development of CLD.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; Chorioamnionitis ; Cohort Studies ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Interleukin-6* ; Lung Diseases* ; Lung* ; Parturition* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Ureaplasma urealyticum* ; Ureaplasma*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Mucous Membrane* ; Nucleolus Organizer Region* ; Rats*

For sequential phenotypic changes including enzyme altered hepatocytic foci, hyperplastic nodules, hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas were produced in Sprague-Dawley rats by Solt-Farber method (administration of diethylnitrosamine and acetylaminofluorene (AAF), and partial hepatectomy). The immunohistochemical expressions of glutathione S transferase P (GST-P) and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) were assessed for selective proliferative activity in the enzyme altered foci and the subsequently developed lesions by double immunohistochemical staining technique. Immunoreactive areas against GSTP gradually increase from early period of carciogenesis. BrdU labeling in such areas remained high during the first week. but decreased thereafter. BrdU labeling index remained low in the GSTP negative area throughout the experimental period. This suggests that cells in the enzyme altered foci keep away from the suppressor effect of AAF in contrast to the normal cells in which their growth are inhibited by AAF. BrdU labeling index remained very low in both hyperplastic nodule and adenoma which were prevalent during the mid-experimental period, but increase markedly in carcinoma. The long period of low BrdU labeling index seems to correspond to the "slowly growing step of persistent nodule" during hepatocarcinogenesis. The differentiation index, a ratio of S phase fraction between GSTP positive and negative areas, was low in adenoma-developing period and high in carcinoma-developing period. C-Ha-ras p21 was not expressed in foci of enzyme altered hepatocyte and hyperplasia, but highly positive in carcinoma. This indicates that the c-Ha-ras may involve the late step of hepatocarcinogenesis.
Rats ; Animals ; Adenoma ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Squamous cell carcinomas and adenosquamous carcinomas are rarely originated from the stomach, thus the limited and sporadic informations about their clinico-pathologic characteristics as well as histogenesis have been elucidated. Six cases of primary squamous cell carcinoma (3 cases) and adenosquamous carcinoma(3 cases) in the stomach were examined during a period of 4 years from 1981 to 1984. After pertinent review of both clinical data and morphology through extended histotopographic study performed on 4 cases, their clinicopathologic characteristics were described. Male to female sex ratio was 4 : 2 and average age was 58.6 years. Clinical presentations or physical findings were not different from those of adenocarcinoma. Tumor masses of all cases were located in the body or phloric antrum. In all cases except for the early gastric carcinoma, each tumor was larger than 8 cm in long axis, and showed expansile and intraluminal endophytic growing tendencies with sharp margin. Simple Borrmann's macroscopic classification was applicable to none of 6 cases because of irregular and multicentric ulceration pattern and occasional submucosal growth which were reminiscent of those in submucosal tumors such as malignant lymphoma and leiomyosarcoma. Virtually four out of all six cases were diagnosed as submucosal tumor at the time of radiological examination. Microscopically three cases were composed of pure squamous cell carcinoma and remaining three contained both adeno and squamous components. Metastatic regional lymph nodes revealed only squamous element in case of pure squamous cell carcinoam, while both components were identified in adenosquamous carcinomas. Surrounding non-tumors mucosa exhibited moderate to severe degree of intestinal metaplasia accompanied by multifocal mucin pool formation. Growth pattern and surrounding mucosal changes as with older age prevalence of these tumors might express the biological behavior of intestinal type of gastric carcinoma.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Filiform polyposis(FP), an unusual form of inflammatory polyposis, has been recently designated to a lesion characterized by multiple, long slender, finger-like projections of mucosa and submucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. We present 5 cases of FP, of which two were associated with irritable bowel syndrome, two with advanced colon carcinoma, and one with active ileotyphlitis(Behcet's disease). The polyps ranged from 1.0 cm to 3 cm; they were either isolated or aggregated, and their numbers were up to 100. The common microscopic feature was filiform polyps which consisted of central submucosal core covered by intact or minimally inflamed intestinal mucosa, comparable with that in reparative processes and formation of inflammatory(redundant) pseudopolyps. We conclude that awareness of FP in non-inflammatory bowel disease may promote the endoscopists to search its underlying disease and prevent unnecessary surgical procedure. Behcets enterocolitis in the ileocecal junction seems an additional preceding disorder of a localized form of FP.
Colon ; Enterocolitis ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; Mucous Membrane ; Polyps

Pathological proliferation of Brgnners gland is rare, and its wide range of morphologieal variations have led to confusing the terminology with considerable lack of agreement. Six cases of duodenal nodular lesions which consisted of pathological proliferation of Brunners glands were examined by light microscopy. Polypectomy was made in two cases, and the remaining 4 cases were examined with endoscopic biopsy materials. Two polypectomy specimens, 2 cm and 3 cm each in great diameters, consisted of protruded ovoid mass with broad and short stalks. Microacopically, all of 6 cases revealed thin strands of fibrous connective tissue which separated the normal-looking Brunners glands in lobules. Individual lobules were composed of groups of acini formed by cuboidal cells admixed with occasional endocrine cells. Presence of glandular and ductal configuration of the Brunners gland aside from thick, randomly arranged bundles of smooth muscle were featured without distinct relation to interlobular septa. Also, one polypectomy case disclosed the nests of fat cells interspersed with the glandular acini. One mucosal biopsy case contained not only the smooth muscle bands but also the intimate mixture of both acini and ducts. We conclude that some of heterogeneous composition of duodenal nodular proliferation of Brunners gland is indicative of a hamartomatous growth.
Adipocytes ; Biopsy ; Brunner Glands ; Connective Tissue ; Duodenum ; Endocrine Cells ; Hamartoma* ; Microscopy ; Muscle, Smooth ; Pathology

Gastric lesion in familial polyposis coli is commonly presented with fundic gland hyperplastic polyps, but duodenal and gastric adenomas together with their carcinomatous transformation have been rarely described in familial polyposis coli mostly by case reports. We present three cases of gastric adenomas in familial polyposis coli with one in synchronous development of gastric adenocarcinoma in Korea. All three cases had the family history related to familial polyosis coli and received proctocolectomy because of synchronous development of colonic adenocarcinoma. One patient developed gastric polyposis and adenocarcinoma 8 years after colectomy, and the remaining two presented with multiple polyps either in the stomach or duodenum synchronously at the time of the diagnosis of familial polyposis coli with colonic adenocarcinoma. None disclosed any evidence of Gardner's syndrome. We conclude that association of gastric adenomas in familial oplyposis coli is not uncommon and gastric adenoma-carcinoma sequence is an another important participating mechanism to understand the histogenesis of gastric carcinoma in Korea.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma