Investigations of the anti-tumor activity of recombinant mouse TNF and etoposide(VP-16) in a nude mouse subcutaneous implantation xenograft model utilizing the CURC-1 human renal cell carcinoma cell line were performed. Recombinant mouse tumor necrosis factor-alpha(rTNF-alpha) and VP-16. both well known cytotoxic and cytostatic anticancer agents were evaluated singly and in combination against subcutaneously growing CURC-1. The results were as follows : 1. In the absence of treatment(Group I). subcutaneously growing CURC-1 tumor nodules demonstrated continued rapid growth. 2. Administration of rTNF(Group II) induced significant tumor regression in the subcutaneous nodules. 3. Administration of rTNF and Etoposide(Group III) demonstrated significant tumor growth inhibition. On histopathological findings, Group I (control) shows rare leukocyte infiltration and no tumor necrosis. In contrast, Group II shows tumor necrosis and more leukocyte infiltration than Group I . Group III demonstrates tumor necrosis. tumor cell degeneration and more leukocyte infiltration than Group II. These results suggest that TNF have antineoplastic effect against subcutaneous human renal cell carcinoma nodule but the synergistic effect of TNF with VP-l6 is uncertain.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cell Line ; Etoposide* ; Heterografts* ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Mice ; Mice, Nude* ; Necrosis ; Robenidine ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

Chromosomal abnormalities are higher in twin gestations than in the singleton population. Turner's syndrome(gonadal dysgenesis) variety may result from chromosome loss during gametogenesis in either parent or a mitotic error during one of the early cleavage divisions of the fertilized zygote. The vast majority of 45, XO conceptions result in first or second-trimester miscarriage. Fetuses with Tumer's syndrome commonly exhibit posterior nuchal cystic hygromas and generalized edema. Recently we experienced one fetal demise in twin pregnancy. The affected fetus was associated with Turner's syndrome which was diagnosed by amniocentesis and karyotyping. The fetus was associated with cystic hygroma which was antenatally diagnosed by ultrasonogram. The unaffected fetus had normal karyotype and was delivered through cesarean section without any abnormalities. we report this case with brief review of literatures.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Amniocentesis ; Cesarean Section ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Edema ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fetus ; Gametogenesis ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Karyotyping ; Lymphangioma, Cystic ; Parents ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Turner Syndrome ; Ultrasonography ; Zygote

Sexual histories of 176 patients of the sexual dysfunctions, who visited Department of Urology of Chung-Ang University Hospital from May, l986 to Aug. l986, were reviewed and compared with findings of the diagnostic examinations. The results were as follows. 1. The erectile dysfunction was 92.6% and the ejaculatory dysfunction was 7.4%. Of the erectile dysfunctions, 58.2% was psychogenic and 4l.8% was organic. The most common etiology of the organic impotence was diabetes mellitus, followed by vascular, trauma, drug, neurogenic, and endocrinogenic in order. 2. Ages of 20 years was the most common, followed by ages of 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 years in order Unmarraged single patients were 42.6%. 3. The patients whose living conditions and anxiety had influence on their sexual life were 27.3%, and the patients whose sexual problems had influence on their daily life or married life were 84.3 %. But the patients who had ever visited psychiatrists for sexual problems were only 8.6%. 4. Sexual desire of the patients was low, as compared with their ages, in 37.3%. The patients who never had sexual desire from their sexual partners were 24.3%. And indifference of their sexual partners to the patients or lack of their sexual desire was l8.4% or 21.8%. 5. Out of the 20 cases who was considered as definitely psychogenic impotent patients on the base of the sexual histories, 5 were proved to be organic by the diagnostic examinations. And out of 11 cases of organic impotences, 5 cases were turned out to be pychogenic. In conclusion, the fact that the patients of the sexual dysfunction were much more common in younger ages than expected, implies lack of sexual education and sexual knowledge with insufficient sexual expecience make them patients of the psychogenic sexual dysfunction. And the effects of sexual dysfunction on their daily life are very serious in most patients, particularly in the younger ages.
Anxiety ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Education ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Humans ; Male ; Psychiatry ; Sexual Partners ; Social Conditions ; Urology

Translational initiation is regulated in response to nutrient availabilty and growth stimuli and is coupled with cell cycle progression and cell growth. There is now growing body of evidence which suggests links between translational regulation and the disruption of cell behavior that results in the development and progression of cancer. mRNA translation can be overactivated in breast cancer through eIF4E overexpression or abnormal activation of signal transduction pathways. Among them, rapamycin-sensitive signal transduction pathway (mTOR signaling pathway) is now being studied as a novel target for cancer therapy. In this article, the basic principles of translational control, the alterations encountered in cancer and selected therapy targeting mTOR signaling pathway are reviewed and the preclinical study regarding the determinants of rapamycin sensitivity in breast cancer is presented in order to help elucidate new avenues for breast cancer therapy.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Cell Cycle ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Signal Transduction ; Sirolimus

Lymphomatous involvement of the gallbladder is rarely identified and manifests mostly as a local involvement of disseminated disease. There have been reported only about 20 primary malignant lymphomas of the gallbladder without involvement of other sites. A 63-year-old woman presented with jaundice, epigastric pain, and weight olss of two months duration. There was no systemic lymphadenopathy elsewhere. Abdominal computed tomograph revealed a focal thickening of the gallbladder wall. The removed gallbladder contained a well circumscribed, 5x3 cm-sized, slightly elevated firm area with accentuated mucosal papillary excrescences near the neck protion. The lesion involved whole thickness of the wall, and was made up of diffuse atypical lymphoid cell infiltrates of variable size accompanying plasmacytoid differentiation in areas. Some large tumor cells were pleomorphic and contained prominent nucleoli. To our knowledge, this is the first case of primary malignant lymphoma of the gallbladder in Korean literature.
Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Dermoscopy*

Ranunculus tachiorei is a member of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae) which contains unsaturated lactone and protoanemonine. Protoanemonine is formed by the breakdown of the glycoside Ranunculin after injury to the plant and causes severe vesiculation and linear streaks after contact with field buttercups(Ranunculus spp.) The amount of protoanemonine in buttercups varies widely with the species of plant and its stage of growth, the highest content being at the time of flowering. We report a case of primary irritant dermatitis due to contact with Ranunculus Tachiorei which was applied for the folk treatment of Bell palsy.
Bell Palsy ; Dermatitis, Irritant* ; Flowers ; Humans ; Plants ; Ranunculus*

Recently short term chemotherapy has become popular for the treatment of genitourinary tuberculosis. But it is questionable weather short term chemotherapy can cure all cases of genitourinary tuberculosis regardless of their severity ;and the role of nephrectomy in patients with renal tuberculosis is still controversial. Herein we analyzed 52 patients with confirmed urinary tuberculosis who were treated with triple drugs, including isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol, for 6 to 9 months. The patients ranged from 13 to 71 years of age, and the male to female ratio was 2.4: 1. Follow up period ranged from 6 to 65 months with a mean period of 19.7 months. The patients were classified according to the severity of renal tuberculosis on pyelography into Group I ( minimal, 8 patients), II (moderate, 9 patients) and III (severe, 35 patients), and treatment result were analyzed in each group. Of 52 patients, 19 were treated by chemotherapy only and 33 (63.5%) reconstructive surgery. Success rates of short term chemotherapy in terms of cure of tuberculosis and preservation of functional renal tissue were :overall 75%, 100% in Group I , 77% in Group II and 68.6% in Group III. Two of 9 patients in Group II and 10 of 17 in Group III who were treated with chemotherapy only, deteriorated with loss of the kidney. Poor vascular pyonephrotic kidney and progressive ureteral stricture were suggested as the main cause of failure. Ureteroneocystostomy and double J enting were helpful not only in the preservation of the kidney but also in the rapid cure of a renal tuberculosis. 24 patients who were treated with 6 to 9 months chemotherapy after removal of their nonfunctioning kidney were relapse-free on follow up. In conclusion, 6 to 9 months chemotherapy is adequate minimal urinary tuberculosis. For the treatment of moderate to advanced urinary tuberculosis, a longer period of chemotherapy may be adequate, and meticulous follow up with IVP and aggressive management of ureteral stricture is essential. A far advanced, nonfunctioning, unilateral tuberculosis kidney is better to be removed early, followed by 6 to 9 months' chemotherapy.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Drug Therapy* ; Ethambutol ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Isoniazid ; Kidney ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Rifampin ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Ureter ; Urography ; Weather

Augmentation ileocystoplasty is the most available method of enlargement of capacity for the contracted bladder by using the intestinal segment. Contracture of bladder is the result of chronic vesical infections such as tuberculosis, interstitial cystitis, radiation cystitis, or neurogenic bladder, among them tuberculosis is the most common cause of bladder contracture in Korea. Contracted bladder usually demands active correction, while it may lead to considerable vesicoureteral reflux and deterioration of renal function. Herein we describe a clinical observation and follow-up study for more than 2 years on the 5 cases of augmentation ileocystoplasty, which we experienced during the periods from December 1978 to November 1980.
Contracture ; Cystitis ; Cystitis, Interstitial ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Korea ; Tuberculosis ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

A histopathologic observation was made on 24 patients with cryptorchism admitted to the Department of Urology, Seoul Adventist Hospital during the periods from November 1981 to April 1983. The following results were obtained. 1. The age distribution was ranged from 2 to 28 years and 6 to 10 years of age group was the most commonly affected (9 cases, 37.5%). 2. The most common type of cryptorchidism was the inguinal type (14 cases, 58.3%). The bilateral cryptorchismswere observed in 6 cases and unilateral 18 cases, among them right in 12 cases, left in 6 Cases. 3. On the histopathologic findings of testicular biopsy in 24 cryptorchid testes; per{tubular fibrosis which began before puberty was noted the earliest finding and basement membrane of seminiferous tubules were significantly thickening during puberty. Leydig cells were increased during puberty and they became normal level after puberty but spermatogenesis were not completely observed through all the age group.
Adolescent ; Age Distribution ; Basement Membrane ; Biopsy ; Cryptorchidism* ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Leydig Cells ; Male ; Puberty ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Seoul ; Spermatogenesis ; Testis ; Urology