We describe a case of cutaneous chylous reflux, which is thought to be a kind of primary lymphedema, in a 19-year-old male who had suffered from multiple vesiculobullae and intermittent swelling on scrotum for about 6 years. Histopathologic findings showed multiple dilated lymphatic vascular channels in papillary dermis.
Dermis ; Humans ; Lymphedema ; Male ; Scrotum ; Young Adult

Though topical administration of antifungal agents for fungal keratitis is effective, it results various toxic effect on cornea depending on the kinds of agents. So, the authors applied several kinds of antifungal agents on the cornea of rabbit and made a comparative study for corneal epithelial damage of which is related to each agents and instillation time using scanning electron microscope. Forty eyes from twenty rabbits were instilled with 0.15% amphotericin B, 5% natamycin, 1% clotrimazole, 0.2% fluconazole and BSS(as a control) in single drop in each eight eyes and then each two corneas resected and examined after 30 minutes, 1 hours, 3 hours and 6 hours. All antifungals showed toxic effects on the corneal epithelium. Significant loss, elongation or swelling in microvilli, especially at the cell periphery, were noted. The top layer of epithelial cells showed moth-eaten appearance or punched-out lesions, and localized destruction. The surface cells were shrunken with wrinkling of plasma membrane and bulging of nucleous. Part of surface cells lost intercellular attachment leaving retraction fibrils. Rarely first and second layer cells of the epithelium were destructed, exposing third layer cells. Dark cells and premature desquamating cells increased significantly with the lapse of time. In general, 5% natamycin and 1% clotrimazole showed relatively severe epithelial toxicity, on the other hand, 0.15% amphotericin B and 0.2% fluconazole shoed mild epithelial toxicity. Localized damages in the epithelial cells were developed in the early stage, and an extent and the depth of the damage in the cells increased in the course of time after instillation.
Administration, Topical ; Amphotericin B ; Antifungal Agents* ; Cell Membrane ; Clotrimazole ; Cornea ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Epithelium, Corneal* ; Fluconazole ; Hand ; Keratitis ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Microvilli ; Natamycin ; Rabbits*

BACKGROUND: Though symptomatic improvements after treatment of donepezil is well documented in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the electrophysiological change have not yet been elucidated. Among the parameters of quantitative electroen-cephalography (q-EEG), high frequency activity, especially gamma rhythm, may play a role in normal cognitive function including the integration of sensory processing, association, coupling or selective attention, which are characteristically impaired in AD. METHODS: In order to define the profile of q-EEG changes including gamma rhythm after donepezil treatment, we followed 17 AD patients for 12 weeks. We analyzed the spectra power taken from 16 derivations by averaging twenty-2-sec epoch in normal controls and AD patients. After logarithmic transformation of spectra power, statistical test was done and the effect of donepezil treatment on q-EEG profile was analyzed during follow up period. RESULTS: Before medication of donepezil, AD patients had a significantly lower alpha spectra power as well as a significant higher delta spectra power, compared with normal control. After medication of donepezil in AD patients, compared to base-line q-EEG, gamma spectra power was significantly increased, whereas delta spectra power was significantly reduced. Compared to absolute power, relative power was more sensitive in detecting change of EEG after donepezil treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that donepezil significantly change delta and gamma spectra power in q-EEG, and the increase in gamma rhythm may be correlated with the clinical improvements after donepezil treatment. (J Korean Neurol Assoc 19(3):245~250, 2001)
Alzheimer Disease* ; Electroencephalography* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans

No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Cytoplasm* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Kidney Transplantation*

No abstract available.
Arthritis*

Priapism is an uncommon condition of prolonged painful penile erection, and no sexual excitement or desire is present. The therapeutic goal in priapism is to restore normal circulation and blood flow in the erectile tissue of corporacavernosa. In recent years medical treatment is unsuccessful and it should be treated as a surgical emergency. Here we report one case of priapism with review of related recent references.
Emergencies ; Male ; Penile Erection ; Priapism*

PURPOSE: We report seven cases of pancreas transplantation, first performed in Korea, in the context of postsurgical radiologic studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus received transplants from cadevaric(n=6) or living related donor(n=1). Retrospective analysis of 27 US(including 19 Duplex US), two CT, four MRi, and three scintigraphy for these patients was made with surgico-pathological correlation in five cases. RESULT:Of the seven patients, three-month graft survival was five and one-year survival was two. One patient died of abdominal abscess following surgery. US gave the valuable informations regarding the graff swelling, vascular complication, and perigraff fluid collection. RBC bleeding scan was effective of the presence or absence and location of intestinal bleeding. CT was useful in determining the extent and severity of the pancreatitis. MRI gave a little information about functional status of the grafted pancreas. CONCLUSION: The choice of appropriate imaging modalities for postsurgical work up in patients who had pacreas transplantation depends on the clinical conditions of the patients and complications suspected. Further prospective studies appear to be necessary to eatablish the interval and modality choice for early detection of the complication.
Abdominal Abscess ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Graft Survival ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pancreas Transplantation* ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatitis ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Humans ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* ; Rhabdomyolysis*

BACKGROUND: The drug abuse has become one of social problems especially in the adolescents. It has been well known that the drug abuse is concerned with interaction of biopsychosocial factors and farnily relation factors. So I have studied the general characteristics and rearing attitude and family state of the adolesents who were in a jail because of drug abuse and have intended to give some help for establishing effective strategies for family education and therapy. METHODS: The study was done for adolescents who were in a jail because of violation the illegal drug control law. The group was total 55 men and the age distribution was frorn 15 to 20 years. The Questionnaire was used in Mar 1996 for study and I analyzed 53 cases excluding 2 cases because they were nearly illiterate. The FACES III(Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales), family APGAR score and PBI(Parental Bonding Instrument) were used for evaluating the characteristics of family function and the parental rearing attitude. Statistical management with SAS was executed for data analysis. RESULTS: The average age of the group was 6.9+/-1.4. 48.1% of them lived in the metropolitan area, 40.4% lived in the middle-sized cities and 11.5% lived in the small country towns. The education level of 91.8% was under middle-school graduate. They have use drugs since the age of 14.6+/-1.8, they began to use glue sniffing at the first time in 78.8% and butane gas inhalation in 17.3%. The state of family showed the death of father in 28.9% and the death of mother in 13.5 % and 76.9% of deaths occured before they have become 13 years. Their parents divorced in 25 %. The mean APGAR score was 4.56+/-2.6, which means moderately dysfunctional state of family. In FACES III adaptability score was 20.3+/-5.7 and cohesion score was 26.2+/-6.9. According to the family type by FACES III, there were 5 cases(9.4%) in balanced, 19 cases(35.9%) in midrange, and 29 cases(54.7%) in extreme. In PBI mother overprotection score was 16.24+/-4.59, mother care score was 22.5+6.8, father overprotection score was 16.71+/-5.1 father care was 21.94+/-6.24. CONCLUSIONS: The drug abused adolescents in a jail were in hadicapped family because of deaths and divorce of parents. Their family function score was low and more than half of them had the extreme type of family. Therefore it is wise for us to have a concern for the family problem when understanding and managing drug abused adolescents.
Adolescent* ; Age Distribution ; Apgar Score ; Divorce ; Drug and Narcotic Control ; Education ; Fathers ; Humans ; Inhalant Abuse ; Inhalation ; Jurisprudence ; Male ; Mothers ; Parents ; Social Problems ; Statistics as Topic ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: To assess the role of the preoperative portal vein embolization (PVE) in patients in need of major hepatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total of 11 cases consisted of Klatskin tumor (n:6), gallbladder cancer (n=2), and hepatocellular carcinoma (n=3). After percutaneous transhepatic puncture of portal vein (right:7, left:4), the embolization of 1st order branch of right portal vein was done with Gentamicin soaked Gelfoam cubes. Radiologically, the angle between the middle hepatic vein and the inferior vena cava was measured on pre- and post-PVE CT (F/U :10 days) to evaluate the hypertrophy of the left lobe. Clinically, amount and nature of the drained bile through the PTBD tube of both lobes were analyzed in 5 patients with Klatskin tumor. The interval between PVE & operation was 10-24 days. Operative findings & the changes of postop. total bilirubin were analyzed and the complication after procedure was checked. RESULTS: There was decrease in mean angle between the middle hepatic vein and the inferior vena cava from 35.9 degree to 23.9 degree, but it was insignificant statistically (p=0.09). The embolization of right portal vein was done and there was increase in amount of drained bile from the nonembolized left lobe by 2-3 folds 8-14 days after PVE. The color and consistency between both lobes were significantly different; right lobe was darker in color and softer in consistency. Postoperative total bilirubin increased by 2-3 folds 1 to 4 days after PVE and normalized 10 to 14 days after PVE. Most of the patients had mild abdominal pain and fever after PVE and 1 patient had localized hematoma at puncture site which was subsided spontaneously. CONCLUSION: The preoperative portal vein embolization is a useful method for minimizing postoperative liver failure in patients in need of major hepatectomy.
Abdominal Pain ; Bile ; Bilirubin ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Fever ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable ; Gentamicins ; Hematoma ; Hepatectomy* ; Hepatic Veins ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Klatskin's Tumor ; Liver Failure ; Portal Vein* ; Punctures ; Vena Cava, Inferior