The isoimmune hemolytic disease of newborn due to the minor blood groups is characterized by the progressive neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and anemia. This is caused by the lgG antibody transmitted from the mother to the fetus across the placenta. ABO and Rho(D) incompatability have been the most common antibody responsible for hemolytic disease of newborn. But recently the incidence of the Rho(D) incompatability is decreased due to the prophylaxis of anti-D immunoglobulin for the Rh negative mother and that of the incompataibility of minor blood group seems to be increased. This report presents the clinical and hematologic features of four cases of hemolytic diseases of newborn due to minor blood group isoimmunization who were admitted to the Dong-guk University Kyung-ju Hospital. The following results were obtained; 1) Neontal hyperbilirubinemia was observed within 48 hours after birth in all cases of patients and disappeared with the treatment of exchange transfusion and phototherapy. 2) Total bilirubin levels were 6.7-24.8 mg/dl. 3) Direct Coombs' test was positive in all cases of patients and indirect Coombs' test was positive except case 3. Direct Coombs' test was negative and indirect Coombs' test was positive in all mothers. 4) There was no evidence of ABO or Rh(D) incompatibility in all cases of patients. Case 1, 2 and 4 had the hemolytic diseases of newborn due to anti-E isoimmunization anti-E, but case 3 had the hemolytic diseases of newborn due to anti-C isoimmunization. 5) According to the reports which was published to date, 23 cases of the hemolytic diseases of newborn due to minor blood group isoimmunization were revealed; 14 anti-E, 4 anti-c, 1 anthE or c, 1 anti-C, 1 anti-e, 1 anti-M, and 1 anti-Kidd. Therefore we can easily conclude that anti-E is the most common cause of hemolytic diseases of newborn due to minor blood group isoimmunization in Korea. So, we report this case with the brief review of relevant literatures.
Anemia ; Bilirubin ; Blood Group Antigens ; Coombs Test ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; Fetus ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal ; Immunoglobulins ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Mothers ; Parturition ; Phototherapy ; Placenta

No abstract available.
Erythroblastosis, Fetal* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Siblings*

No abstract available.

Bakground : Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) has become popularized for postoperative pain control. Theoretically, addition of a basal infusion would ameliorate the pain control as related to less need for additional demands. Regardless of theoretical background, usefulness of a basal infusion in PCA is controversial. Therefore, in this study we compared the analgesic consumption between PCA only and PCA plus basal infusion and assessed if the use of a basal infusion improves the analgesic efficacy in intravenous PCA. METHODS: 40 patients undergoing caesarian section, were assigned randomly to PCA only group (group 1) and PCA plus basal infusion group (group 2). Group 1 was programmed to deliver 1.5 ml of bolus infusion with 10 minutes of lockout interval and four times per hour of the maximum usage of patient control module. In group 2, 0.5 ml of basal infusion was added to the same PCA. The analgesic solution contained 60 mg of morphine, 180 mg of ketorolac and 5 mg of droperidol in total volume of 60 ml. PCA was started at the time of the peritoneal closure with 2 ml of loading dose in all patients. Postoperative assessments were pain score, sedation score, side effect, total analgesic consumption and the degree of patients, satisfaction. RESULTS: Total analgesic consumption was significantly greater in group 2 than in group 1. Pain score, sedation score, complication and the degree of the satisfaction were almost the same at all time interval in each group. CONCLUSION: We concluded that there was no significant benefit of basal infusion in intravenous PCA after caesarean section.
Analgesia ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled* ; Cesarean Section* ; Droperidol ; Female ; Humans ; Ketorolac ; Morphine ; Pain, Postoperative ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Female* ; Humans

Treatments of tibia shaft fracture are closed reduction followed by cast immobilization, external fixation, intramedullary nailing and internal fixation with plate and screws. Among these, intramedullary nailing is commonly used method today. The tibia nailing has high rate of union, but malunion, infection, the joint stiffness and anterior knee pain develops frequently. We reviewed the clinical and radiological result of anterior knee pain retrospectively after tibia nailing. The result were as follows: l. Age distribution of tibia shaft fracture was 17 to 76, and mean age was 40 male patients were 35 and female 13. 2. The open fractures were 17 and the closed fractures were 34. 3. The causes of' tibia shaft fracture were traffic accidents(30cases), fall down injuries(6 cases), slip down injuries(1 1 cases) and other injuries(4 cases) Among the these, 19 cases were cornbined with other fractures or neuri.isurgical injuries. 4. The incision methods were recorded as follows: parapatella tendon incision were 9 cases, patella splitting incision were 25 cases and unrecorded were 17cases. 5. According to the radiological analysis, the average nail plateau distance was 10.3mm and the extent of nail protrusion beyond the anterior cortex was -1.73mm. Among these, protrusion of proximal targeting screws were 8 cases. 6. Insertion of nail through the patella tendon was associated with a hipher incidence of knee pain compared to paratendon site of insertion. The extent of nail protrusion were related to anterior knee pain after tibia intramedullary nailing.
Age Distribution ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary* ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Joints ; Knee* ; Male ; Patella ; Patellar Ligament ; Retrospective Studies ; Tendons ; Tibia*

No abstract available.
Crohn Disease*