No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver*

The Di(a+b-) phenotype is extremely rare among Caucaclans and mostly confined to mongoloids. The incidences of Di antigen among Koreans were reported to be 6.1 to 14.5%, with an average of 9.6%; it can be calculated that the frequency of Di(a+b-) is 0.25% on the average. Authors report the first case of hemolytic disease of the newborn due to anti-Dib in Korea. The Diego phenotypes of the mother, baby and father were Di(a+b-), Di(a+b+) and Di (a-b+), respectively. The mother's serum and eluate from infant's erythrocytes contained anti-DP antibody active in the antiglobulin phase. After transfusions of Di-negative red cells from the mother and mother's relative, the patient was recovered from anemia and jaundice.
Anemia ; Erythrocytes ; Fathers ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Jaundice ; Korea ; Mothers ; Phenotype

We describe an 22-yeer-old man with polyorchidism whose both ipsilateral testes were located in the inguinal area and scrotum. Polyorchidism is a rare anomaly with approximately 70 cases reported in the literature. In this report the literature is reviewed and the etiology of this anomaly is discussed briefly.
Scrotum ; Testis

No abstract available.
Abscess* ; Animals ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Liposarcoma* ; Mice ; Mice, Nude*

No abstract available.
Radiosurgery*

Fetal dopaminergic or nondopaminergic cortical tissues were implanted directly into the denervated striatum of partial lesioned rat parkinsonian models. After transplantation, at rats were behaviourally tested with apomorphine and sacrificed for tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemical stain. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1) Of 45 rats partially lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine, 17 rats(37.8%) met a criteria(a minimum of 4 times/min to apomorphine-induced rotation test) of the rat parkinsonian model. 2) Eight weeks after transplantation of the fetal dopaminergic tissues into the striatum of the rat parkinsonian model, transplanted dopaminergic cells were found to be alive. Also reinnervated dopaminergic fibers were found in the previously denervated striatum. And the behavioural study suggested that the transplantation of the fetal dopaminergic neurons had influenced on the apomorphine-induced rotation. 3) Eight weeks after transplantation of the fetal nondopaminergic tissues into the striatum of the rat parkinsonian model, dopaminergic cells were not found in the previously denervated striatum. However, reinnervation of the dopaminergic fibers were found in the preciously denervated striatum. However, reinnervation of the dopaminergic fibers were found in the previously denervated striatum as well as the reduction of the apomorphine-induced rotation compared to the pregraft state. The major finding of this study support a trophic hypothesis for the mechanism of recovery in response to fetal dopaminergic or nondopaminergic tissue. The author conclude that fetal nondopaminergic tissue also had some beneficial effect in reducing apomorphine-induced rotational asymmetry probably by promoting recovery or sprouting of remaining dopaminergic fibers at the previously denervated striatum of the rat parkinsonian model.
Animals ; Apomorphine ; Dopaminergic Neurons ; Oxidopamine ; Rats* ; Tissue Transplantation* ; Transplantation ; Transplants* ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

PURPOSE: Recurrent abdominal pain is defined as the presence of at least three discrete episodes of pain occurring over a period of 3 or more months. The reported prevalence is high up to 15% of school aged children. Mostly the pain results from functional dysmotility of the intestine but not much studies has been done. Thus we studied segmental colonic transit time (CTT) to determine the frequency and the type of colonic transit abnormalities in children with recurrent abdominal pain. METHODS: Two hundred and five patients who visited our clinic with recurrent abdominal pain were included in the study group. Patients who had abnormalities in liver function test, blood chemistry, urinalysis, and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were excluded. Total colonic transit study was done with the method of Arhan and segmental colonic transit studies were done by the method of Metcalf. Control group met the criteria of normal defecation, normal colonic transit time with normal adult value in Korea. Patients were divided into three groups according to the frequency of defecation: Group A (with less than 3 bowel movements per week), group B (3 to 21 defecations per week), and group C (over 21 stools per week). RESULTS: 1) Mean age of the study groups and the control group was 9.0+/-3.2 years. There was no statistically significant difference in mean age and sex ratio among study groups and control group (P>0.05). 2) In the control group there was a statistically significant difference among colonic segments (P<0.05) with greater delay in distal colon than proximal colon. But there was no significant differences in accordance with age and gender (P>0.05). The mean colonic transit time of control group was 15.6+/-9.4 hour and segmental colonic transit time was 3.1+/-4.2 hour for the right colon, 5.1+/-4.9 hour for the left, and 7.4+/-4.9 hour for the rectosigmoid. Upper limit of normal value of colonic segments (mean+2SD) were 12 hour for the right colon, 15 hour for the left, and 17 hour for the rectosigmoid. 3) In the study groups there was no statistically significant differences in total and segment colonic transit time in accordance with age and gender.4) In the study groups colonic transit study defined five patterns: pelvic outlet obstruction (93 cases, 45%), hindgut dysfunction (49 cases, 24%), normal CTT (29 cases, 14%), colonic inertia (26 cases, 13%), and slow transit (8 cases, 4%). The patients who had complained constipation (group A, N=19), colonic inertia (10 cases, 53%) was most commonly found, and next was hindgut dysfunction in 6 cases, and pelvic outlet obstructionin in 2 cases. In patients with normal stool frequency (group B, N=166), pelvic outlet obstruction was most common in 87 cases (52%), and next was hindgut dysfunction in 37 cases (22%), normal CTT in 19 cases and colonic inertia in 16 cases. In patients with loose stools or frequent defecation (group C, N=20), normal CTT was most common in 9 cases (45%), and next was hindgut dysfunction in 6 cases (30%), pelvic outlet obstruction in 4 cases (20%), and colonic inertia in 1 case (5%). 5) Defecation frequency was lowest in colonic inertia with 6.6+/-6.5 per week, and highest in normal CTT up to 21.1+/-16.2, and slow transit 13.5+/-8.5. Defecation pain was mainly noted in the slow transit group up to 63%, and next was colonic inertia in 35%, and hindgut dysfunction in 18%. Stool mass was palpated in 9 cases (4%). CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of colonic transit time in children with recurrent abdominal pain is helpful in evaluating the causes of recurrent abdominal pain.
Abdominal Pain* ; Adult ; Chemistry ; Child* ; Colon* ; Constipation ; Defecation ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Humans ; Intestines ; Korea ; Liver Function Tests ; Prevalence ; Reference Values ; Sex Ratio ; Urinalysis

Serum gastrin and pepsinogen concentrations were measured in 51 children infected with Helicobacter pylori, to investigate the clinical significance and influence of CagA and VacA on serum concentrations of these peptides. CagA+ was 44/51 (86%) and VacA+ was 42/51 (82%). Type I (CagA+/VacA+) included 39/51 (76%), type II (CagA-/VacA-) was 4/51 (8%), and intermediate (CagA-/VacA+, CagA+/VacA-) was 8/51 (16%). There was no significant correlation between endoscopic diagnosis and the state of CagA/VacA. Serum gastrin concentrations were not significantly correlated with the state of CagA/VacA. Serum pepsinogen I and II concentrations were significantly higher in CagA+ than in CagA-, but there was no significant difference between VacA+ and VacA-, Serum pepsinogen I/II ratio was not significantly correlated with the state of CagA/VacA. There was no significant difference between serum concentrations of gastrin, pepsinogen I and H. pylori phenotypes. However, pepsinogen II concentration was significantly higher in type I than type II. Pepsinogen I/II ratio was significantly lower in type I and intermediate than in type II. These findings suggest that CagA positively and phenotype of H. pylori could play a role in the development of upper gastrointestinal diseases in children.
Adolescence ; Bacterial Proteins/physiology* ; Bacterial Proteins/blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gastrins/blood* ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/blood ; Helicobacter Infections/physiopathology ; Helicobacter Infections/blood* ; Helicobacter pylori*/genetics ; Human ; Male ; Osmolar Concentration ; Pepsinogens/blood* ; Phenotype

Acardic twining is a rare congenital anomaly, usually in monozygotic twins. This condition is characterized by the absence or rudimentary development of fetal hear, and associated with various anomaly(especially with anecephalus). The acardiac malformations are uniformly fatal in the affected twin, and mortality in the co-twin is as high as 55%. We recently experienced a case of acardius acephalus associated with a normal term male infant, so present with a brief review of the literature.
Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mortality ; Twins* ; Twins, Monozygotic