Although penicillin still remains the drug of choice in the treatment of gonorrhoea in many countries, treatment failures are becoming more and more coramon. Recently, the prohlem cauaed, by antibiotic resistant strains of N. gnorrhoeae has been aggravated by appearance of penicillinase producing N. gonorrheeae. Good results were reported with the use of spectinomycin, cefuroxime and efotaxime. These drugs are, as yet, quite expensive. A lower cost regimen has to be sought. In this study, the effect of fortified penicillin G was compared with kanarnycin in the treatment of uncomplicated male gonorrhoeae. The subjects were 446 rnale patients with uncomplieated gonocoacal urethritis at VD clinic of ChoongKu Public Health Center in Seoul between June and November, 1981. The patients are assigned randomly to one of the regimens. Among 181 patients treated with kanamycin, 2. 0 gm, IM, 148 recovered with 27 (19%) postgonococcal urethritis (PGU) and 39(21,6%) failed. Among 168 patients treated with fortified penicillin G, 6 mega-units IM, plus probenecid, l. 0 gm, PO., 100 recovered with 31(81%) PGU and 68(40. 5%) failed. -countinue-
Cefuroxime ; Gonorrhea* ; Humans ; Kanamycin* ; Male* ; Penicillin G* ; Penicillinase ; Penicillins* ; Probenecid ; Public Health ; Seoul ; Spectinomycin ; Treatment Failure ; Urethritis

In this study, the effect of kanamycin sulfate was compared with fortified penicillin G in the treatment of uncomplicated penicillinase negative Neisseria gonorrhoeae(nonPPNG) urethritis in male. The subjects were 250 male patients with uncomplicated non-PPNG urethritis, at the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-ku Public Health Center in Seoul from May 1982 to August 1982. Among 103 patients treated with kanamycin sulfate, 2.0 gm, IM, 92 recovered and 11(10. 7%) failed. Among 100 patients treated with fortified penicillin G, 6 megaunits IM, plus probenecid, l.0 gm, 92 recovered and 8(8%) failed. No significant difference in the effect was found between these two regimens for non-PPNG urethritis. It is concluded that kanamycin sulfate as well as fortified penicillin G. have a good effect in the treatment of non-PPNG urethritis.
Gonorrhea* ; Humans ; Kanamycin* ; Male* ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae* ; Neisseria* ; Penicillin G* ; Penicillinase* ; Penicillins* ; Probenecid ; Public Health ; Seoul ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Urethritis

No abstract available.
Foot* ; Polydactyly*

No abstract available.
Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Skin* ; Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

The present study was performed to observe tegumental ultrastructure of Echinoparyphium recurvatum according to developmental stages. Worms (1, 3, 5 and 15-day old) were recovered from chicks experimentally infected with metacercariae from Radix auricularia coreana. One-day old worms were elongated and ventrally concave, and covered with peg-like tegumental spines except the adjecent areas of the head crown and excretory pore. Type I sensory papillae were distributed on the lip of the oral sucker, and grouped ciliated papillae were around the oral sucker. Peg-like tegumental spines were densely distributed on the anterior surface of the ventral sucker level. The ventral sucker had an aspinous tegument and no sensory papillae. Tegumental spines on the posterior surface of the ventral sucker level were sparsely distributed and disappeared posteriorly. In 3 and 5-day old worms, the tegument around the oral sucker was aspinose and wrinkled concentrically. The ventral sucker had a wrinkled tegument and many bulbous papillae. Type I sensory papillae were distributed between the bulbous papillae. Tegumental spines were spade-shaped with a terminal tip. A total of 45 collar spines including 4 end group ones on both ventral corners was alternately arranged in 2 rows. The 15-day old worms were very stout and their tegumental spines were tongue-shaped without a terminal tip. From the above results, it is confirmed that the surface ultrastructure of E. recurvatum was generally similar to that of other echinostomatid flukes. However, some features, i.e., morphological change of tegumental spines and appearence of sensory papillae on the ventral sucker according to development, and number, shape and arrangement of collar spines, were characteristic, which may be of taxonomic and bioecological significance.
Animals ; Chickens ; Echinostomatidae/anatomy & histology/growth & development/*ultrastructure ; Life Cycle Stages ; Lymnaea/parasitology ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

611 children (297 boys and 314 girls) of a primary school were determined under 2% cyclogyl. (1) Among 611 children, refractive error was 70.46 % and emmetropia. 29.54 %. (2) As to the distribution of refractive errors, 72.47 % were hyperopic and 27.53 % myopic Hyperopia was more common than myopia. (3) Hyperopic refractive error was increased until 7 years of age. Since then it has been decreased 8.74 % yearly. Myopic refractive error has been increased 8.14 % yearly since 8 years of age. (4) The refractive errors were more frequent in women (37.81) than men (32.65 %) (5) Refractive errors were numerous around the age of 11. (24.77 %). (6) The degree of refractive errors varied, but in the great majority was less than 3 diopters. (7) As to the type of astigmatism; 59.42 % were with the rule and 39.94 % were against the rule.
Astigmatism ; Child* ; Cyclopentolate ; Emmetropia ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperopia ; Male ; Myopia ; Refractive Errors

No abstract available.
Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia* ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

Developmental surface ultrastructure of Macroorchis spinulosus was studied by scanning electron microscopy. One-day-old juvenile fluke was leaf-shaped and bent ventrally. Body surface was covered densely with peg-like spines and with cobblestone-like cytoplasmic processes. Ciliated sensory papillae were concentrated around oral sucker. Several unciliated sensory papillae occurred equidistantly on oral sucker and acetabulum. The ciliated papillae appeared in two longitudinal lines symmetric bilaterally on dorsal surface. On adult flukes, tegumantal spines became wider in middle of the body surface. The cytoplasmic processes differentiated into more fine velvety form. It is likely that the differentiated fine cytoplasmic processes are an increased absorptive surface to adult M. spinulosus. It is suggested that single pointed tegumental spines on anterior half of the body may be supportive for this fluke to migration.
Animals ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Trematoda/*anatomy & histology/*ultrastructure

Livedo vasculitis or vasculitis of atrophie blanche is a clinical entity which can be distinguished from cutaneous vasculitis by distinctive pathology and immunopathologic study. A 18-year-old female with erythematous, telangiectatic, purpuric or hyperpigmented patches, intermingled with white atrophic ivory patches on her legs of 3 years duration was seen in June 3, 1982. The histologic examination of an atrophic patch showed proliferation and occlusion of blood vessels in the upper dermis with patchy atrophy of the epidermis. The immunopatbologic features of an atrophic patch revealed deposits of IgM, Ca and fibrin as a definitive immunofluorescence vessel pattern. This suggests that the livedo va.sculitis or vasculitis of atrophie blanche may he considered one of the immune vasculitides. This patient had received aspirin and persantine for 4 months, and moderate therapeutic effects could be noticed.
Adolescent ; Aspirin ; Atrophy ; Blood Vessels ; Dermis ; Dipyridamole ; Epidermis ; Female ; Fibrin ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Leg ; Pathology ; Vasculitis*

STUDY OBJECT: To date, the study of critical illness in the emergency department has been limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the length of stay and procedures performed on critical care patient in ED, and to be help to establish Emergency physicians' education program. METHOD: We reviewed patient's medical record, who visited ED, Korea Univ. Hospital from Jan. 1996 to Jun. 1996 and admitted to ICU. We analyzed data to age, sex, clinical diagnosis, length of stay, and critical procedures in ED. RESULTS: The 12,721 patients visited ED during the study period, the 441 of 12,721 (3.50%) patients admitted to ICU. 56 patients were excluded whose medical re cords were incomplete. The study populations consisted of 165 women and 220 men. The mean age were 52 year old (median,58 year old). The mean length of stays were 606.1 (1445.9 minutes (median, 180 minutes)). One hundred sixty one of these patients (41.8 %) received one or more critical procedures. The medical critical patients were 252 cases, and surgical critical patients were 133 cases. The mean length of stay of medical critical patients was 738.8 (1748.9 minutes (median, 177.5 minutes)) in medical department,44.0% of them received critical procedures in ED. The surgical critical patients averaged 354.9 (410.7 minutes (median, 190 minutes)) and 37.6% received critical procedures. CONCLUSION: Critical ill patients stay in the ED with a substantial amount of time, before addition to the ICU. Critical ill patients who have hemodynamiccal unstable conditions, compromised cardiopulmonary functions, and neurologic deficities, were managed in ED frequently. Typical critical care procedures are commonly performed by emergency physicians. Therefore, it is important for emergency physician to prepare to critical ill patients.
Critical Care* ; Critical Illness ; Diagnosis ; Education ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Medical Records ; Middle Aged