No abstract available.
Dinoprostone* ; Suppositories*

The hemostatic effect of endoscopic microwave coagulation method for upper gastrointestinal bleeding was evaluated clinically. Hemostasis over 72 hours was achieved in 18 of 20 cases (90%) with upper gastrointestinal bleeding by the endoscopic microwave coagulation method. It is noteworthy that this method was effective in all 4 cases of pulsatile bleeding from exposed vessels. We conclude that this method is useful for emergency endoscopic hemostasis on upper gastrointestinal bleeding, especially bleeding from exposed vessels.
Emergencies ; Hemorrhage* ; Hemostasis ; Hemostasis, Endoscopic ; Microwaves*

BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common respiratory disorder in children, which necessitates hospitalization. Bacterial pneumonia, especially lobar pneumonia and parapneumonic effusions, is associated with considerably severe clinical course and extensive alveolar infiltrates. Serum procalcitonin (PCT) level has been used to distinguish bacterial from viral infections, but its usefulness is disputed. The diagnostic accuracy and usefulness of PCT, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood cell (WBC) count were determined by comparing their values in the patients with CAP with those in healthy controls. METHODS: The serum PCT levels, as well as CRP level, ESR, and WBC counts, were measured in 76 hospitalized patients with CAP (lobar pneumonia, 16; bronchopneumonia, 60) and 18 healthy controls. Serum PCT level was measured using VIDAS(R) BRAHMS PCT (Biomerieux, France), and ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate its diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS: Serum PCT levels were higher in the patients with CAP than in healthy controls, especially in the patients with lobar pneumonia than in those with bronchopneumonia. Serum CRP level was also significantly elevated in the patients with CAP, especially in those with lobar pneumonia. The diagnostic accuracy of serum PCT level for the diagnosis of lobar pneumonia was better than those of serum CRP level and ESR. The serum PCT level was significantly correlated with the CRP level, ESR, and WBC count. CONCLUSIONS: Serum PCT level was a better marker than CRP level or ESR for the diagnosis of lobar pneumonia in children with CAP.
Adolescent ; Biological Markers/blood ; Blood Sedimentation ; Bronchopneumonia/complications ; C-Reactive Protein/analysis ; Calcitonin/*blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Community-Acquired Infections/complications/*diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Pneumonia/complications/*diagnosis ; Protein Precursors/*blood ; ROC Curve

BACKGROUND: This study was intended to look into the characteristics and problems when FACES III are used as tools to evaluate family function of adolescents. METHODS: From May to June 1996, self-reported questionnaires for FACES III were conducted on 2,430 middle school and high school students (males:1,190, females:1,240) in Seoul and Yangpyung, Kyunggi-Do. There were eight schools (four middle schools, four high schools) in Seoul and two schools (one middle school, one high school) in Yangpyung, Kyunggi-Do in this study. Also, educational level of parents, occupational status of parents, family types (extended/nuclear), number of family member and numbers of siblings were assessed. RESULTS: The mean values of adaptability were significantly higher in Seoul students, in females, and in nuclear families. The mean values were higher in single sibling than two or more and in parents with higher education. The mean values of cohesion were significantly higher in Seoul students, in middle school students and in family members of 5 and under. The mean values were higher in those without a sibling and in those with above college education. In stepwise regression analysis, educational level of parents, gender, area, occupational status of mother and grade were associated significantly with the mean values of adaptability and educational level of parents, grade and numbers of siblings were significantly associated with the mean values of cohesion. CONCLUSIONS: We consider that there are problems in deciding the cut-off point and in the questionnaires of survey when the FACES III is used as a tool for evaluating family function of adolescents. Trials of combining other tools of family function or consideration of lower concepts are needed in other to be applicable to the individual conversation and the clinical surroundings.
Adolescent* ; Education ; Employment ; Female ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Mothers ; Nuclear Family ; Parents ; Seoul ; Siblings ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.

A clinical review of 34 cases of aortic dissection which were admitted to Yeungnam University hospital between March 1983 and April 1992. The results are as follows: 1. The peak incidence was in 5th, 6th decade and male to female ratio was 1.83:1. 2. The most common cause of aortic dissection was atherosclerosis and hypertension (79%). 3. The most common presenting symptom was pain (73%). but dyspnea, palpable mass, murmur, shock were also observed. 4. Abnormal electrocardiographic finding was myocardial ischemia in 6 cases, arrhythmia in 5 cases, LVH in 5 cases. 5. The X-ray findings showed abnormal aortic contour in 10 cases but normal X-ray finding was observed in 63% of DeBaKey Type III. 6. The most common diagnostic procedure was echocardiogram and abdominal Ultrasonography. 7. The mortality of all cases was 20%, operation mortality was 18% but no death of medically treatment in medical indication.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atherosclerosis ; Dyspnea ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Male ; Mortality ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Shock ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of ketamine as an alternative to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), to manage acute postoperative pain after spinal fusion when given intravenously via a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump in which the dose was proportional to that of fentanyl. METHODS: Forty patients undergoing 1-2 level spinal fusion were enrolled in this study. Patients were intraoperatively randomized into two groups to receive intravenous PCA consisting either of fentanyl 0.4 microg/ml/kg (control group) or fentanyl 0.4 microg/ml/kg with ketamine 30 microg/ml/kg (ketamine group) after intravenous injection of a loading dose. The loading dose in the control group was fentanyl 1 microg/kg with normal saline equal to ketamine volume and in the ketamine group it was fentanyl 1 microg/kg with ketamine 0.2 mg/kg. The verbal numerical rating scale (NRS), fentanyl and ketamine infusion rate, and side effects were evaluated at 1, 24, and 48 hours after surgery. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in patient demographics, duration of surgery and anesthesia or intra-operative opioids administration. We did not find any significant differences in the mean infusion rate of intraoperative remifentanil or postoperative fentanyl or in the side effects between the groups, but we did find a significant difference in the NRS between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, we conclude that a small dose of ketamine (0.5-2.5 microg/kg/min) proportional to fentanyl is not only safe, but also lowers postoperative pain intensity in patients undergoing spinal fusion, although the opioid-sparing effects of ketamine were not demonstrated.
Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Anesthesia ; Demography ; Fentanyl ; Humans ; Infusion Pumps ; Injections, Intravenous ; Ketamine ; Pain, Postoperative ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Piperidines ; Prospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the results of using knotless and knot-tying suture anchors in arthroscopic Bankart repair. Materials and Methods: The patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair between 2011 and 2017 using knot-tying and knotless suture anchors were retrospectively reviewed. We collected demographic data, clinical scores (pain visual analogue scale), functional visual analogue scale, American Shoulder and Elbow Society scores, and Rowe score), and range of motion (ROM). Re-dislocation and subjective anterior apprehension test rates between the two techniques were also analyzed. Results: Of the 154 patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair, 115 patients (knot-tying group: n=61 and knotless group: n=54) were included in this study. Of the 115 patients, 102 were male and 13 were female. The mean patient age was 27 years (range: 17–60), and the mean follow-up period was 43 months (range: 24–99). There were no significant differences in the final clinical scores and ROM between the two groups. Re-dislocation was observed in 6 (9.8%) and 4 (7.3%) patients in the knot-tying and knotless groups, respectively. Apprehension was observed in 11 (18.0%) and 12 (22.2%) patients in the knot-tying and knotless groups, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups in regards to re-dislocation and anterior apprehension. Conclusion Re-dislocation rates and clinical scores were similar with the use of knotless and knot-tying suture anchors in arthroscopic Bankart repair after a minimal 2 year follow-up.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the results of using knotless and knot-tying suture anchors in arthroscopic Bankart repair. Materials and Methods: The patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair between 2011 and 2017 using knot-tying and knotless suture anchors were retrospectively reviewed. We collected demographic data, clinical scores (pain visual analogue scale), functional visual analogue scale, American Shoulder and Elbow Society scores, and Rowe score), and range of motion (ROM). Re-dislocation and subjective anterior apprehension test rates between the two techniques were also analyzed. Results: Of the 154 patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair, 115 patients (knot-tying group: n=61 and knotless group: n=54) were included in this study. Of the 115 patients, 102 were male and 13 were female. The mean patient age was 27 years (range: 17–60), and the mean follow-up period was 43 months (range: 24–99). There were no significant differences in the final clinical scores and ROM between the two groups. Re-dislocation was observed in 6 (9.8%) and 4 (7.3%) patients in the knot-tying and knotless groups, respectively. Apprehension was observed in 11 (18.0%) and 12 (22.2%) patients in the knot-tying and knotless groups, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups in regards to re-dislocation and anterior apprehension. Conclusion Re-dislocation rates and clinical scores were similar with the use of knotless and knot-tying suture anchors in arthroscopic Bankart repair after a minimal 2 year follow-up.

PURPOSE: The neonatal cardiac catheterization and angiogram for transcatheter therapy are still essential methods in congenital heart disease, so we reviewed our experience with neonatal cardiac catheterization over 10 years at a single institution. METHODS: A retrospective review of all 139 neonatal catheterizations from January 1991 to December 2000 at Sejong Heart Institution was performed. The purpose of the catheterizations, ages, body weights and the complications by the exam was surveyed. RESULTS:The mean age of our 139 patients was 14.9 days and the mean body weight was 3.3 kg. As for the diagnosis : TGA in 49 patients, PAIVS in 26 patients, DORV in 14 patients, PS in 14 patients, PAVSD in 11 patients. For the cardiac catheterization, general anesthesia was performed in 65% of total and fluoroscopy time was 20.1+/-14.5 minutes during cardiac catheterization. In the interventional cardiac catheterization which was 75% of the total, the age and body weight were statistically the same but the irradiation time was longer than the diagnostic catheterization(P=0.001). There were 48 cases of atrial septostomy, 16 cases of balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty and 25 cases of transcatheter pulmonary valvotomy. Complications of cardiac catheterization were found in 16.3%, but there was no difference between interventional catheterization and diagnostic catheterization. CONCLUSION: Therapeutic cardiac catheterization in neonates is a relatively safe and effective method in congenital heart disease.
Anesthesia, General ; Body Weight ; Cardiac Catheterization* ; Cardiac Catheters* ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Diagnosis ; Fluoroscopy ; Heart ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Retrospective Studies