Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis is a rare cause of severe respiratory distress in the newborn period and most of these patient die, usually within the first 24 hours of life. The light microscopic characteristics of the lungs are a network of partly tubular, partly cystically enlarged lymph vessels within large areas of connective tissue and they have thin wall lined by endothelium. Also congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis is closely associated with cardiovascular malformation, and most frequently occurs in the clinical setting of congenital heart disease with or without pulmonary venous obstruction(total anomalous venous return, atresia of large pulmonary veins) The authors describe three typical cases of congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis.
Connective Tissue ; Endothelium ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; Lymphangiectasis* ; Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of CarnitilR (acetylcarnitine, Hanmi, Korea) therapy in idiopathic oligoasthenospermic men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four subfertile men with abnormal semen parameters were treated between March, 2003 and March, 2004 with 3 g of CarnitilR daily for 3 months. Changes in semen parameters were evaluated 3 months after this therapy. RESULTS: The mean age was 34.2 years and the mean follow-up duration was 3.7 months. In asthenospemic patients (n=28), semen analysis before and after CarnitilR treatment showed an increase in volume (2.64+/-1.65 ml vs. 3.10+/-1.60 ml), motility (35.1+/-17.7% vs. 45.9+/-20.4%) and viability (51.4+/-20.3% vs. 59.3+/-13.6%) respectively. In oligoasthenospermic patients (n=16), semen analysis before and after CarnitilR treatment showed an increase in sperm count (10.7+/-54.4 million/ml vs. 38.4+/-32.5 million/ml) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that in idiopathic oligoasthenospermic men the empirical medical therapy with acetylcarnitine may be considered as primary treatment.
Acetylcarnitine* ; Carnitine ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; Male ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Count

Proper education about dermatology in medical college would have physicians appropriately diagnose and treat common dermatoses without referring patients to dermatologists. However, physicians who are not dermatologists have difficulty in diagnosing and treating common dermatoses. We have made up a questionnaire about treatment and a slide test for clinical diagnosis of common dermatoses in order to evaluate the knowledge of physicians about common dermatoses, which reflects indirectly the current status of medical education of dermatology in Korea and can be used as a basic data for modifying directions for education in medical college. Total 654 physicians answered the questionnaire, including 125 just graduated general physicians, 111 general physicians who had just finished internship and 418 medical specialists. 11 data from dermatologists were analyzed as a control for evaluation. The result showed that 84%(545) of them have difficulty in diagnosing dermatologic diseases. The probable causes answered by them are lack of easy illustrative textbook for general physician(48%), inadequate education of dermatology in their medical colleges(27%) and so on. In the field of therapy in the questionnaire, only 53% of them had proper knowledge about indication of topical steroids, 56% about acne therapy, 22% about treatment of tinea pedis, 35% about scabies and 41% about urticaria. The average score was 53%. The score of family medicine group and urologist group was 69% and 66% each, which were significantly higher than that of other major groups except 98% of dermatologist group. In the slide test for clinical diagnosis, the average score was 71%. The score of family medicine group which had received postgraduate education on dermatology in their resident training was 84%, also significantly higher than that of other major groups except 100% of dermatologist group. The percentage of correct responders about tinea faciei is only 13%, tinea versicolor 42%, tinea cruris 49%, impetigo 53%, pityriasis rosea 60%, atopic dermatitis 67%, psoriasis 72% and fixed drug eruption 74%, etc. The average score was 71%. In conclusion, this study showed that physicians who are not dermatologists have difficulty in diagnosing and treating even common dermatoses. We think it is important to put stress on the common dermatoses in the field of dermatologic education in medical college. Moreover we could find the importance and need of postgraduate education on dermatology in the resident training of primary care physicians such as not only family medicine doctors but also internists and pediatricians.
Acne Vulgaris ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Dermatology ; Diagnosis ; Drug Eruptions ; Education ; Education, Medical ; Humans ; Impetigo ; Internship and Residency ; Korea ; Physicians, Primary Care ; Pityriasis Rosea ; Psoriasis ; Scabies ; Skin Diseases* ; Specialization ; Steroids ; Tinea ; Tinea Pedis ; Tinea Versicolor ; Urticaria ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Hernia*

Meningiomas is the usually slow-growing lesions that present either with vague nonlocalizing symptoms or with focal findings referable to compression of underlying brain. Cerebral infarction by meningiomas is unusual, especially as the initial presentation in a patient, and association with sudden death is extremely rare. The authors report the clinical, radiological and pathological findings in a case of cerebral infarction caused by thrombosis of the right middle cerebral artery following direct compression of a right temporal lobe meningioma. A 48-year-old woman developed a history of sudden neurologic deterioration, and shortly after she died. CT showed a large cerebral infarction in the right lobe. Autopsy revealed a right temporal lobe meningioma associated with right middle cerebral artery thrombosis, which made a large cerebral infarction.
Autopsy ; Brain ; Cerebral Infarction ; Death, Sudden ; Female ; Humans ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; Meningioma* ; Middle Aged ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Temporal Lobe ; Thrombosis

Background: Studies on prevalence and social variables affecting postpartum depression appear to be inconsistent. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of postpartum depression, as well as the correlation between education, offspring, age, and risk of the postpartum depression. Methods: This study included 144 mothers living in Chungju who appeared to experience postpartum depression based on a score of >10 marks on the Korean version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Correlation and logistic regression analyses were used to calculate correlation coefficients and odds ratios (OR) for postpartum depression based on the education level of mothers and number of offspring. Results: Prevalence of postpartum depression was found to be 29.17%. Age was not significantly correlated with EPDS score. EPDS scores tended to decrease with the increase in the number of education years (OR, 0.66); however, EPDS scores tended to increase with the increase in the number of offspring increased (OR, 1.65). Conclusion The result of this study demonstrates that education acts as a protective factor and number of offspring acts as a risk factor for postpartum depression. It also suggests that proper intervention in the mothers’ educational level and number of offspring is necessary.

Background: Metformin (MET) has been used to prevent weight gain in patients treated with antipsychotic drugs. However, liraglutide (LIRA), initially used for diabetes, is now considered for obesity treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of these drugs in patients with psychiatric disorders. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients prescribed and administered MET and LIRA from January 1, 2017 to August 31, 2023. To assess treatment efficacy, the mean change in the body mass index of the patients before and after drug use was calculated for both medications. Drug safety was evaluated by determining the early discontinuation and occurrence of adverse effects. Results: We collected data from 45 patients, with the majority being women (84.4%). The most frequently diagnosed psychiatric disorders were depressive disorder for LIRA (35.3%) and psychotic disorder for MET (63.6%). No demographic variations were observed between patients who were administered the two types of drugs. The treatment efficacy and safety of both drugs did not show any statistically significant difference. When conducting a subgroup analysis exclusively on patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders (n = 14), MET showed better efficacy; however, no statistically significant difference was observed (−2.48±3.17 vs. 0.56±2.93, t=−1.860, p=0.088). Conclusion LIRA and MET did not show any significant differences in terms of therapeutic efficacy and safety. However, in patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders, MET showed better efficacy and was cost-effective than LIRA. Future studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.

Background: Metformin (MET) has been used to prevent weight gain in patients treated with antipsychotic drugs. However, liraglutide (LIRA), initially used for diabetes, is now considered for obesity treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of these drugs in patients with psychiatric disorders. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients prescribed and administered MET and LIRA from January 1, 2017 to August 31, 2023. To assess treatment efficacy, the mean change in the body mass index of the patients before and after drug use was calculated for both medications. Drug safety was evaluated by determining the early discontinuation and occurrence of adverse effects. Results: We collected data from 45 patients, with the majority being women (84.4%). The most frequently diagnosed psychiatric disorders were depressive disorder for LIRA (35.3%) and psychotic disorder for MET (63.6%). No demographic variations were observed between patients who were administered the two types of drugs. The treatment efficacy and safety of both drugs did not show any statistically significant difference. When conducting a subgroup analysis exclusively on patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders (n = 14), MET showed better efficacy; however, no statistically significant difference was observed (−2.48±3.17 vs. 0.56±2.93, t=−1.860, p=0.088). Conclusion LIRA and MET did not show any significant differences in terms of therapeutic efficacy and safety. However, in patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders, MET showed better efficacy and was cost-effective than LIRA. Future studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.

Background: Metformin (MET) has been used to prevent weight gain in patients treated with antipsychotic drugs. However, liraglutide (LIRA), initially used for diabetes, is now considered for obesity treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of these drugs in patients with psychiatric disorders. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients prescribed and administered MET and LIRA from January 1, 2017 to August 31, 2023. To assess treatment efficacy, the mean change in the body mass index of the patients before and after drug use was calculated for both medications. Drug safety was evaluated by determining the early discontinuation and occurrence of adverse effects. Results: We collected data from 45 patients, with the majority being women (84.4%). The most frequently diagnosed psychiatric disorders were depressive disorder for LIRA (35.3%) and psychotic disorder for MET (63.6%). No demographic variations were observed between patients who were administered the two types of drugs. The treatment efficacy and safety of both drugs did not show any statistically significant difference. When conducting a subgroup analysis exclusively on patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders (n = 14), MET showed better efficacy; however, no statistically significant difference was observed (−2.48±3.17 vs. 0.56±2.93, t=−1.860, p=0.088). Conclusion LIRA and MET did not show any significant differences in terms of therapeutic efficacy and safety. However, in patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders, MET showed better efficacy and was cost-effective than LIRA. Future studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.

Background: Metformin (MET) has been used to prevent weight gain in patients treated with antipsychotic drugs. However, liraglutide (LIRA), initially used for diabetes, is now considered for obesity treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of these drugs in patients with psychiatric disorders. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients prescribed and administered MET and LIRA from January 1, 2017 to August 31, 2023. To assess treatment efficacy, the mean change in the body mass index of the patients before and after drug use was calculated for both medications. Drug safety was evaluated by determining the early discontinuation and occurrence of adverse effects. Results: We collected data from 45 patients, with the majority being women (84.4%). The most frequently diagnosed psychiatric disorders were depressive disorder for LIRA (35.3%) and psychotic disorder for MET (63.6%). No demographic variations were observed between patients who were administered the two types of drugs. The treatment efficacy and safety of both drugs did not show any statistically significant difference. When conducting a subgroup analysis exclusively on patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders (n = 14), MET showed better efficacy; however, no statistically significant difference was observed (−2.48±3.17 vs. 0.56±2.93, t=−1.860, p=0.088). Conclusion LIRA and MET did not show any significant differences in terms of therapeutic efficacy and safety. However, in patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders, MET showed better efficacy and was cost-effective than LIRA. Future studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.