No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature*

PURPOSE: Chronic lung disease is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Although the exact mechanisms leading to the development of chronic lung disease are unknown, there is increasing evidence indicating that pulmonary inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis. The proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin(IL)-1beta, IL-8 may have a role to play in initiating the inflammatory response that is seen in chronic lung disease. In contrast, IL-10 is an antiinflammatory cytokine. The abnormal persistent inflammatory process in chronic lung disease may be due to dysregulation of these proinflammatory cytokines. So, to describe cytokine profiles of chronic lung disease in neonate, we analysed the IL-1beta, IL-8 and IL-10 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by ELISA technique. METHODS: We obtained bronchoalveolar lavage samples from 14 respiratory distress syndrome infants without chronic lung disease and 8 respiratory distress syndrome infants with chronic lungisease. The cytokine levels were assayed. RESULTS: The results were as follows: 1) IL-1beta levels were higher in chronic lung disease group(205.16+/-360.21pg/rnl) than group without chronic lung disease(21.21+/-26.14pg/ml)(P<0.05). 2) IL-8 levels were also higher in chronic lung disease group(166.16+/-347.26pg/ml) than group without chronic lung disease(49.85+/-105.27pg/ml)(P>0.05). 3) In contrast, IL-10 levels were lower in chronic lung disease group(78.29+/-138.69pg/ml) than group without chronic lung disease(111.29+/-155.27pg/ml)(P>0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the dysregulation of cytokines contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic lung disease. The difference in cytokine levels of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid can be used as a predictor for development of chronic lung disease.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid* ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage* ; Cytokines* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-8 ; Lung Diseases* ; Lung* ; Mortality ; Pneumonia ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn

Maternal phenylketonuria(PKU) is a disorder which appears when a pregnant woman with PKU doesn't take low phenylalanine diet, phenylalanine level of the fetus rises and interferes with fetal development and can easily result in abortion, low birth weight, microcephaly, cardiac anomaly or mental retardation. To prevent these effects of untreated maternal PKU, low phenylalanine diet should be taken to maintain the serum phenylalanine level less than 10mg/dl throughout the pregnancy. We experienced a case of maternal PKU in a female baby born to a 26-year-old woman with PKU who didn't take low phenylalanine diet until eighth moth of pregnancy. She showed intrauterine growth retardation, ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. We report a case of maternal PKU with a brief review.
Adult ; Diet ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Female ; Fetal Development ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Fetus ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Intellectual Disability ; Microcephaly ; Moths ; Phenylalanine ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women

BACKGROUND: The laparoscopy requires carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation and Trendelenburg position for operational convenience. However, the above circumstances affect the cardiopulmonary systems significantly and intraocular pressure (IOP) may be also influenced. METHODS: In 27 non-glaucoma patients right and left intraocular pressure (RIOP, LIOP) were measured 5 minutes after induction of general anesthesia (control value), 15 and 30 minutes after CO2 insufflation and endelenburg-lithotomy position. RESULTS: The control values of RIOP and LIOP were 11.3 4.7 mmHg and 11.5 4.7 mmHg respectively. At 15 minutes after CO2 insufflation and Trendelenburg-lithotomy position, they increased to 16.6 5.3 mmHg and 17.0 5.9 mmHg (p<0.05). At 30 minutes, 18.4 3.5 mmHg and 18.2 4.1 mmHg (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: CO2 insufflation and Trendelenburg-lithotomy position increase IOP significantly in non-glaucoma patients during laparoscopy.
Anesthesia, General ; Carbon Dioxide ; Head-Down Tilt ; Humans ; Insufflation* ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Laparoscopy*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Appendicitis* ; Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Adrenocortical Carcinoma* ; Cushing Syndrome ; Humans ; Infant* ; Male* ; Puberty, Precocious

The interstitial cells of Cajal are the pacemakers in the gastrointestinal tract that modulate gastrointestinal motility. A case of a neonate with intestinal pseudo-obstruction caused by a decreased number of the interstitial cells of Cajal is presented. A premature male infant born at 32 weeks of gestation showed progressive abdominal distention beginning 3 days after initiation of enteral feeding at 15 days of life. No etiologic factors were identified on radiologic studies, a gastrographin enema, and an intestinal biopsy other than a markedly decreased number of the intestinal cells of Cajal. An ileostomy, followed by repair of the ileostomy was done, which resulted in but a limited improvement of the abdominal gas pattern. Respiratory distress, pancytopenia, and abdominal distention persisted, and the infant expired on 142 days of life.
Biopsy ; Diatrizoate Meglumine ; Enema ; Enteral Nutrition ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Ileostomy ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Interstitial Cells of Cajal ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; Male ; Pancytopenia ; Pregnancy

Meckel-Gruber syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the triad of posterior meningoencephalocele, cystic change of kidney and polydactyly. It is associated with varying degree of multiple congenital anomalies. So the karyotype is normal, but the phenotype is highly variable. This syndrome is lethal and the patient seldom survive more than a few days to weeks. Prenatal diagnosis may be possible by elevated alpha fetoprotein level in amniotic fluid and sonographic examination. Regarding the 25% recurrence risk, obstetrician and pediatrician should do genetic counseling and serial antenatal examination. Here we describe a female neonate who showed multiple congenital anomalies including cystic change of left kidney, polydactyly of left hand, short neck, micrognathia, low set ears, subaortic stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defects which could best be designate as Meckel-Gruber syndrome. She died at 22 days of life. We report a case of Meckel-Gruber syndrome with brief review of some related literatures.
alpha-Fetoproteins ; Amniotic Fluid ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Ear ; Female ; Genetic Counseling ; Hand ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Karyotype ; Kidney ; Neck ; Phenotype ; Polydactyly ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Recurrence ; Ultrasonography